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Maxtla
Maxtla (Nahuatl pronunciation: ''maštɬa'') was a Tepanec ruler (''tlatoani'') of Azcapotzalco from 1426 to his death in 1428. Family He was a son of the famous king Tezozomoc, who was a son of Acolnahuacatl and queen Cuetlaxochitzin. His mother was queen Tzihuacxochitzin I, daughter of the noble dignitary Huitzilaztatzin. He was a brother of the kings Aculnahuacatl Tzaqualcatl and Quaquapitzahuac and queens Xiuhcanahualtzin and Ayauhcihuatl. He was an uncle of Aztec emperor Chimalpopoca. His elder half-brother was Tayatzin. Biography Maxtla was installed as a ruler of Coyoacán. Upon Tezozomoc's death in the year Twelve Rabbit (1426), Tayatzin became a king, but Maxtla seized power at Azcapotzalco, leaving the rulership of Coyoacán to his son Tecollotzin. Emperor Chimalpopoca of Tenochtitlan allied with Tayatzin, and the two conspired to retake the throne and kill Maxtla. Friendly relations between Tenochtitlan and Azcapotzalco were thus replaced by insults and violent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tezozomoc (Azcapotzalco)
Tezozomoc Yacateteltetl (also Tezozómoc, Tezozomoctli, Tezozomoctzin; 1320 – 1426), was a Tepanec leader who ruled the ''altepetl'' (ethnic state) of Azcapotzalco from the year 1353 or Five Reed (1367) or Eight Rabbit (1370) until his death in the year Twelve Rabbit (1426). Histories written down in the early colonial period portray Tezozomoc as a military and political genius who oversaw an expansion of Tepanec influence, bringing about Azcapotzalco's dominance in the Valley of Mexico and beyond. Biography Tezozomoc was a son of Acolnahuacatzin and Cuetlaxochitzin. He is described by Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl as a tyrant and: "the most cruel man who ever lived, proud, warlike and domineering. And he was so old, according to what appears in the histories, and to what elderly princes have told me, that they carried him about like a child swathed in feathers and soft skins; they always took him out into the sun to warm him up, and at night he slept between two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aztec
The Aztecs () were a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521. The Aztec people included different Indigenous peoples of Mexico, ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl, Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to the 16th centuries. Aztec culture was organized into city-states (''altepetl''), some of which joined to form alliances, political confederations, or empires. The Aztec Empire was a confederation of three city-states established in 1427: Tenochtitlan, city-state of the Mexica or Tenochca; Texcoco (altepetl), Texcoco; and Tlacopan, previously part of the Tepanec empire, whose dominant power was Azcapotzalco (altepetl), Azcapotzalco. Although the term Aztecs is often narrowly restricted to the Mexica of Tenochtitlan, it is also broadly used to refer to Nahuas, Nahua polities or peoples of central Pre-Columbian Mexico, Mexico in the preh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aztec Empire
The Aztec Empire or the Triple Alliance ( nci, Ēxcān Tlahtōlōyān, Help:IPA/Nahuatl, [ˈjéːʃkaːn̥ t͡ɬaʔtoːˈlóːjaːn̥]) was an alliance of three Nahua peoples, Nahua altepetl, city-states: , , and . These three city-states ruled that area in and around the Valley of Mexico from 1428 until the combined forces of the Spanish and their native allies who ruled under defeated them in 1521. The alliance was formed from the victorious factions of a civil war fought between the city of and its former tributary provinces. Despite the initial conception of the empire as an alliance of three self-governed city-states, the capital became dominant militarily. By the time the Spanish arrived in 1519, the lands of the alliance were effectively ruled from , while other partners of the alliance had taken subsidiary roles. The alliance waged wars of conquest and expanded after its formation. The alliance controlled most of central Mexico at its height, as well as some more di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tepanec
The Tepanecs or Tepaneca are a Mesoamerican people who arrived in the Valley of Mexico in the late 12th or early 13th centuries.The dates vary by source, including 1152 CE in Anales de Tlatelolco, 1210 from Chimalpahin, and 1226 from Ixtlilxochitl (as interpreted by Smith, p. 169). The Tepanec were a sister culture of the Aztecs (or Mexica) as well as the Acolhua and others—these tribes spoke the Nahuatl language and shared the same general pantheon, with local and tribal variations. The name "Tepanecas" is a derivative term, corresponding to their original mythical city, Tepanohuayan (the passing by), also known as Tepano. Ideographically it is represented as a stone, for its etymology comes from ''Tepan'' (over the stones). Their conquered territories received the name ''Tepanecapan'' (land of the tepanecas) (lit. "over the tepanecas"). Reputedly welcomed to the Valley of Mexico by the semi-legendary Chichimec ruler Xolotl, the Tepanecs settled on the west shores of Lake T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aztec Triple Alliance
The Aztec Empire or the Triple Alliance ( nci, Ēxcān Tlahtōlōyān, jéːʃkaːn̥ t͡ɬaʔtoːˈlóːjaːn̥ was an alliance of three Nahua city-states: , , and . These three city-states ruled that area in and around the Valley of Mexico from 1428 until the combined forces of the Spanish and their native allies who ruled under defeated them in 1521. The alliance was formed from the victorious factions of a civil war fought between the city of and its former tributary provinces. Despite the initial conception of the empire as an alliance of three self-governed city-states, the capital became dominant militarily. By the time the Spanish arrived in 1519, the lands of the alliance were effectively ruled from , while other partners of the alliance had taken subsidiary roles. The alliance waged wars of conquest and expanded after its formation. The alliance controlled most of central Mexico at its height, as well as some more distant territories within Mesoamerica, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azcapotzalco (altepetl)
Azcapotzalco was a pre-Columbian Nahua ''altepetl'' (state), capital of the Tepanec empire, in the Valley of Mexico, on the western shore of Lake Texcoco. The name ''Azcapotzalco'' means "at the anthill" in Nahuatl. Its inhabitants were called ''Azcapotzalca''. According to the 17th century annalist Chimalpahin, Azcapotzalco was founded by Chichimecs in the year 995 AD. The most famous ruler (''tlatoani'') of Azcapotzalco was Tezozomoctli. History According to chronicler Fernando Alva Ixtlilxóchitl, the Tepanecs were a Chichimec group that settled in 1012 in the region west of Lake Texcoco. Their lineage began when their Acolhua leader (or Acolnahuacatl) married Xolotl's daughter Cuetlaxochitzin. But this information is apocryphal, since Acolnahuacatl's life is considered to have occurred much later. Chimalpahin places their settlement before, in 995. In fact, archaeological investigations have revealed that Azcapotzalco was inhabited since the Classical period — around ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tecollotzin
Tecollotzin was a ''Tlatoque'' (ruler) of Coyoacán altepetl in 15th century Mexico. Family He was a son of the Maxtla, the ruler of Coyoacán, and grandson of ruler Tezozomoc and Tzihuacxochitzin I. His aunt was Ayauhcihuatl (Aztec "empress") and his uncle was Quaquapitzahuac. Upon Tezozomoc's death in the year Twelve Rabbit (1426), his son Tayatzin Tayatzin was a king of Tepanec city of Azcapotzalco in Mexico. He is also called Quetzalayatzin. Biography He was born as a prince, the son of king Tezozomoc and queen Chalchiuhcozcatzin, who was Tezozomoc's main wife. His half-siblings were ... became a king, but Maxtla seized power at Azcapotzalco, leaving the rulership of Coyoacán to Tecollotzin.Chimalpahin (1997): pp. 128–129, 230–231. Family pole Notes {{Reflist Aztec nobility Tlatoque Coyoacán 15th-century monarchs in North America 15th-century indigenous people of the Americas Nobility of the Americas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chimalpopoca
Chimalpopoca ( nci-IPA, Chīmalpopōca, t͡ʃiːmaɬpoˈpoːka for "smoking shield," ) or Chīmalpopōcatzin (1397–1427) was the third Emperor of Tenochtitlan (1417–1427). Biography Chimalpopoca was born to the Emperor Huitzilihuitl and Queen Ayauhcihuatl. Rule On the day of Chimalpopoca's coronation in 1417 (some sources say 1416 or 1418), his brother Tlacaelel I was named high priest. From this point on the ecclesiastical and governmental offices among the Aztecs were separate. When he assumed the throne at age 20, Tenochtitlan was a tributary of the Tepanec city of Azcapotzalco, which was ruled by his grandfather Tezozomoc. This alliance, and the Mexicas' position within it, was strengthened by Tenochtitlan's loyalty during Tezozomoc's 1418 war with Ixtlilxochitl I of Texcoco. The conquered city was granted to Tenochtitlan as a tributary. Nezahualcoyotl, displaced prince of Texcoco, was living in the mountains. Chimalpopoca interceded with Tezozomoc on his behalf, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tayatzin
Tayatzin was a king of Tepanec city of Azcapotzalco in Mexico. He is also called Quetzalayatzin. Biography He was born as a prince, the son of king Tezozomoc and queen Chalchiuhcozcatzin, who was Tezozomoc's main wife. His half-siblings were kings Quaquapitzahuac and Maxtla and queen Xiuhcanahualtzin. He was an uncle of Tlacateotl and Emperor Chimalpopoca of Tenochtitlan. After his father's death, Tayatzin became a king of his city. Maxtla was a king of Coyoacán, but he seized power at Azcapotzalco, leaving the rulership of Coyoacán to his son Tecollotzin.Chimalpahin (1997): pp. 128–129, 230–231. Chimalpopoca allied with Tayatzin, and the two conspired to retake the throne. Friendly relations between Tenochtitlan and Azcapotzalco were thus replaced by insults and violent intrigue. Tayatzin was killed, and Chimalpopoca decided to offer himself as a sacrifice at the altar of his father Huitzilíhuitl Huitzilihuitl or Huitzilihuitzin (Nahuatl language; English: ''Hummi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tzihuacxochitzin I
Tzihuacxochitzin I was a Queen consort of Azcapotzalco as a wife of the king Tezozomoc, who was very famous. She was a daughter of the noble dignitary called Huitzilaztatzin. She married Tezozomoc, and it is mentioned by Chimalpahin that they had ten children: *Epcoatzin *Icel Azcatl *Itzpapalocihuatl *Aculnahuacatl Tzaqualcatl *Tlacochcuecihuatl *Chichilocuili *Maxtla *Xaltemoctzin *Xiuhcanahualtzin *Quaquapitzahuac Xaltemoctzin had a daughter called Tzihuacxochitzin, named after his mother. Tzihuacxochitzin was a grandmother of Tecollotzin, Tlacateotl, Matlalatzin and Huacaltzintli. It is possible that she was a mother of the queen Ayauhcihuatl, who was a mother of Aztec emperor Chimalpopoca Chimalpopoca ( nci-IPA, Chīmalpopōca, t͡ʃiːmaɬpoˈpoːka for "smoking shield," ) or Chīmalpopōcatzin (1397–1427) was the third Emperor of Tenochtitlan (1417–1427). Biography Chimalpopoca was born to the Emperor Huitzilihuitl and Q .... References *{{cite book , author= ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acolnahuacatl
Acolnahuacatl (also Aculnahuacatl, Acolnahuacatzin) was a king of the Tepanec city of Azcapotzalco. He was likely a son of the king Xiuhtlatonac. He married princess Cuetlaxochitzin, daughter of king Xolotl. Their son was the famous king Tezozomoc. According to the historian Chimalpain, Acolnahuacatl ruled from 1302 to 1366 and Tezozomoc from 1367 to 1426. Some contemporary historians placed Acolnahuacatl's death and Tezozómoc's rise in 1371. Chimalpahin Acolnahuacatl was a grandfather to Tayatzin, Maxtla, Xiuhcanahualtzin and Ayauhcihuatl Ayauhcihuatl was a Queen of Tenochtitlan. Biography Ayauhcihuatl was born as a princess of Azcapotzalco. She was a daughter of King Tezozomoc and sister of Kings Aculnahuacatl Tzaqualcatl, Quaquapitzahuac, Epcoatl, Tzihuactlayahuallohuatzin .... Notes Rulers of Azcapotzalco 14th-century monarchs in North America 14th-century indigenous people of the Americas {{Mexico-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nezahualcoyotl (tlatoani)
Nezahualcoyotl ( nci, Nezahualcoyōtl , ) (April 28, 1402 – June 4, 1472) was a scholar, philosopher (tlamatini), warrior, architect, poet and ruler (''tlatoani'') of the city-state of Texcoco in pre-Columbian era Mexico. Unlike other high-profile Mexican figures from the century preceding Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, Nezahualcoyotl was not fully Mexica; his father's people were the Acolhua, another Nahuan people settled in the eastern part of the Valley of Mexico, on the coast of Lake Texcoco. His mother, however, was the sister of Chimalpopoca, the Mexica king of Tenochtitlan. He is best remembered for his poetry, but according to accounts by his descendants and biographers, Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxóchitl and Juan Bautista Pomar, he had an experience of an "Unknown, Unknowable Lord of Everywhere" to whom he built an entirely empty temple in which no blood sacrifices of any kind were allowed — not even those of animals. However, he allowed human sacrifices ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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