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Mavriqi
Mavriqi was an Albanian tribe (''fis'') that lived in the Middle Ages. They were the ''anas'' (older, indigenous) tribe of the Shala valley, being gradually expelled by the incoming Shala. The tribe gave its name to the modern village of Nënmavriq as well as to a number of micro-toponyms in the highlands of northern Albania (e.g., ''Vada e Mavriqit'' and ''Arat e Mavriqit'' in Curraj I Epërm, Nikaj-Mërtur). History The Mavriqi are possibly recorded for the first time in a charter from the Serbian Tsar Stefan Dušan to the Hilandar Monastery in the year 1348 which mentions the village of ''Murik'' alongside that of ''Kalogeni'', both in the župa of Pilot, as properties of the monastery. While an exact location cannot be conclusively determined, It has been suggested with much confidence that ''Kalogeni'' corresponds to the modern settlement of Kllogjen located in the highlands of Dukagjini, thus making a correlation between ''Murik'' and the Mavriqi likely considering the geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albanian Tribes
The Albanian tribes ( sq, fiset shqiptare) form a historical mode of social organization (''farefisní'') in Albania and the southwestern Balkans characterized by a common culture, often common patrilineal kinship ties tracing back to one progenitor and shared social ties. The ''fis'' ( sq-definite, fisi; commonly translated as "tribe", also as "clan" or "kin" community) stands at the center of Albanian organization based on kinship relations, a concept which can be found among southern Albanians also with the term ''farë'' ( sq-definite, fara). Inherited from ancient Illyrian social structures, Albanian tribal society emerged in the early Middle Ages as the dominant form of social organization among Albanians. The development of feudalism came to both antagonize it, but also slowly integrate aspects of it in Albanian feudal society as most noble families themselves came from these tribes and depended on their support. This process stopped after the Ottoman conquest of Albania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shala (tribe)
Shala is a historical tribe and region of northern Albania in the valley of the river Shalë, in the Dukagjin highlands. At the end of the 19th century the tribe was Catholic and had c. 3,000 members. Today, descendants are widespread in Kosovo and are concentrated in Shala e Bajgorës. Etymology The etymology of ''Shala'' is unclear. It has been connected to the Albanian term ''shalë(sinë)'' denoting an arid or infertile land, however, this etymology does not seem likely considering that the Shala Valley is among the only regions in the Albanian Alps suitable for agriculture. Folk tradition connects their tribal name to the word ''shalë'' ("saddle"), a reference to the legend in which the ancestor of the Shala was given a saddle by his brothers as they departed from one another. Geography The tribal region is situated in northern Albania, in the valley of the river Shalë, north of the Drin and south of Theth, in the Dukagjin highlands. Shala can be broken down into t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bobi (tribe)
Bobi was an Albanian tribe that lived in the Middle Ages. They were the ''anas'' (older, indigenous) tribe of the Shala valley, being gradually expelled by the modern Shala. The Bob (or Bop) tribe is more clearly distinguishable from other ''anas'' tribes of the region. It has only a few households that still exist in the Nicaj neighborhood of Shala. In the 1485 Ottoman cadaster of the sanjak of Shkodër the village of ''Pop'' is mentioned as one of the villages forming the nahija of Petrishpan. The village has 5 households and could be an annual 250 ducats. The heads of the households were: ''Gjoni'' son of ''Xhuvan'', ''Lukal'' son of ''Kabil'', ''Lukan'' son of ''Stanisha'', ''Marin'' son of ''Draniç'' as well as a certain ''Don Xhoni''. The priest Pjetro Stefano Gaspari, wrote an extensive account of areas of Albania in 1671, notes that the Bob village in Shala “included 13 households with 58 people” This account is reinforced by Ernesto Armao's 1933 commentary on Gaspa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikaj-Mërtur
Nikaj-Mërtur is a region of the Gjakova Highlands of Northern Albania whose territory is synonymous with the historic Albanian tribes of Mërturi and Nikaj. The region of Nikaj-Mërtur is located in the south-east of the Albanian Alps, bordering the Dukagjin highlands and within the former Tropojë District. The region represents the southern extension of the Highlands of Gjakova. Nikaj shares the same patrilineal descent with most of the Krasniqi tribe, while Mërturi is direct blood relative to the Berisha, which is why it also called ''Berisha-Mërturi''. In 2014, the region was proclaimed as the Nikaj-Mertur Regional Nature Park. Geography The Alps' mountain peaks surrounding the area are: '' Maja e Hekurave'', '' Grykat e Hapta'' (English: "Open gorges"), '' Maja e Kakisë'', '' Maja e Ndërmanjës''. '' Qafa e Kolçit'' connects the area with the neighbouring Krasniqi tribe, while Qafa e Ndërmajës connects the region with the Shala tribe and ''Qafa e Agrit'' (1300m) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuman
The Cumans (or Kumans), also known as Polovtsians or Polovtsy (plural only, from the Russian language, Russian Exonym and endonym, exonym ), were a Turkic people, Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation. After the Mongol invasion of Rus', Mongol invasion (1237), many sought Right of asylum, asylum in the Kingdom of Hungary, as many Cumans had settled in Hungary, the Second Bulgarian Empire playing an important role in the development of the state. Cumans played also an important role in (The Byzantine Empire, the Latin Empire, and the Empire of Nicaea, Nicaea Empire) Anatolia . Related to the Pecheneg, they inhabited a shifting area north of the Black Sea and along the Volga River known as Cumania, from which the Cuman–Kipchaks meddled in the politics of the Caucasus and the Khwarazmian Empire. The Cumans were fierce and formidable nomadic warriors of the Eurasian Steppe who exerted an enduring influence on the medieval Balkans. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prizren
) , settlement_type = Municipality and city , image_skyline = Prizren Collage.jpg , imagesize = 290px , image_caption = View of Prizren , image_alt = View of Prizren , image_flag = , flag_alt = Flag of Prizren , image_seal = , seal_alt = Seal of Prizren , pushpin_map = Kosovo , pushpin_map_alt = Location of Prizren in Kosovo and Europe , pushpin_mapsize = 290 , pushpin_relief = 1 , pushpin_label = Prizren , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type2 = District , subdivision_name2 = Prizren , established_title = , established_date = , government_type = Mayor–council , leader_party = PDK , leader_title = Mayor , leader_name = Shaqir Tot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashtrik
Pashtrikë or Pashtrik ( sq, Pashtriku) or Paštrik ( sr-Cyrl, Паштрик), is a mountain located in Kosovo and Albania. Its highest peak is located on their mutual border. It is high. The White Drin river passes along by it. Mount Pashtrik is the site of annual pilgrimages of residents from Has region of Prizren and Gjakova in Kosovo and from the border area of Albania. History In the 15th century the Albanian toponym ''Darda'' was recorded in the region, which indicates an Albanian presence. Overview Pashtrik is located in the historical region of Has, which up until the 16th century was named after the mountain. In the 17th century the name ''Has'' gained a prominence. It is a reference to the taxation status of the region which was taxed directly under the Ottoman Sultan instead of being part of the administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire. Two-thirds of the mountain belongs to Albania. It is located in north-eastern Albania. The village of Krumë is positi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th Century
The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian dates from 1 January 1401 ( MCDI) to 31 December 1500 ( MD). In Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Many technological, social and cultural developments of the 15th century can in retrospect be seen as heralding the "European miracle" of the following centuries. The architectural perspective, and the modern fields which are known today as banking and accounting were founded in Italy. The Hundred Years' War ended with a decisive French victory over the English in the Battle of Castillon. Financial troubles in England following the conflict resulted in the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic wars for the throne of England. The conflicts ended with the defeat of Richard III by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth Field, establishing the Tudor dynasty in the later part of the century. Constantinople, known as the capital of the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gothic War (535–554)
The Gothic War between the Eastern Roman Empire during the reign of Emperor Justinian I and the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy took place from 535 to 554 in the Italian Peninsula, Dalmatia, Sardinia, Sicily and Corsica. It was one of the last of the many Gothic Wars against the Roman Empire. The war had its roots in the ambition of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Emperor Justinian I to recover the provinces of the former Western Roman Empire, which the Romans had lost to invading barbarian tribes in the previous century, during the Migration Period. The war followed the Eastern Roman reconquest of the province of Africa from the Vandals. Historians commonly divide the war into two phases: * From 535 to 540: ending with the fall of the Ostrogothic capital Ravenna and the apparent reconquest of Italy by the Byzantines. * From 540/541 to 553: a Gothic revival under Totila, suppressed only after a long struggle by the Byzantine general Narses, who also repelled an invasion in 554 by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justinian I
Justinian I (; la, Iustinianus, ; grc-gre, Ἰουστινιανός ; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565. His reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized ''renovatio imperii'', or "restoration of the Empire". This ambition was expressed by the partial recovery of the territories of the defunct Western Roman Empire. His general, Belisarius, swiftly conquered the Vandal Kingdom in North Africa. Subsequently, Belisarius, Narses, and other generals conquered the Ostrogothic kingdom, restoring Dalmatia, Sicily, Italy, and Rome to the empire after more than half a century of rule by the Ostrogoths. The praetorian prefect Liberius reclaimed the south of the Iberian peninsula, establishing the province of Spania. These campaigns re-established Roman control over the western Mediterranean, increasing the Empire's annual revenue by over a million ''solidi''. During his reign, Justinian also subdued the ''Tz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia, and was ruled by emperors. From the accession of Caesar Augustus as the first Roman emperor to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a Principate with Italia as the metropole of its provinces and the city of Rome as its sole capital. The Empire was later ruled by multiple emperors who shared control over the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. The city of Rome remained the nominal capital of both parts until AD 476 when the imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople following the capture of the Western capital of Ravenna by the Germanic barbarians. The adoption of Christianity as the state church of the Roman Empire in AD 380 and the fall of the Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th Century
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 ( MDCI), to December 31, 1700 ( MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded royal court could be more easily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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