Martin Hannah
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Martin Hannah
Martin Hannah (28 February 1865 – 27 March 1953) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1902 to 1906 (for Railway Officers) and from 1908 to 1921 (for Collingwood). He was a member of the Australian Labor Party for most of his career; he was briefly expelled for several months in 1910 and then permanently expelled in 1920 after losing preselection and recontesting as an independent candidate, sitting as an independent for the remainder of his career. Early life and union movement Hannah was born in Whroo, Victoria. He left school aged eleven and worked in a cordial factory, then as an alluvial miner and contractor near Murchison. He moved to Melbourne at sixteen, initially working as a bread carter before entering the bricklaying trade. He held a number of prominent positions in the labour movement, including secretary of the Victorian Operative Bricklayers Society, president of the Melbourne Trades Hall Council, inaugu ...
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Victorian Legislative Assembly
The Victorian Legislative Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Victoria in Australia; the upper house being the Victorian Legislative Council. Both houses sit at Parliament House in Spring Street, Melbourne. The presiding officer of the Legislative Assembly is the Speaker. There are presently 88 members of the Legislative Assembly elected from single-member divisions. History Victoria was proclaimed a Colony on 1 July 1851 separating from the Colony of New South Wales by an act of the British Parliament. The Legislative Assembly was created on 13 March 1856 with the passing of the ''Victorian Electoral Bill'', five years after the creation of the original unicameral Legislative Council. The Assembly first met on 21 November 1856, and consisted of sixty members representing thirty-seven multi and single-member electorates. On the Federation of Australia on 1 January 1901, the Parliament of Victoria continued except that the colony was now called a state. I ...
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Gippsland Times
The ''Gippsland Times'' is a newspaper published in Sale, Victoria, Australia since 1861. It is now part of Fairfax Media's group of regional newspapers. Its full title is ''The Gippsland Times and Maffra Spectator'', reflecting a takeover of the previously separate ''Maffra Spectator'', which was based in Maffra Maffra is a town in Victoria, Australia, east of Melbourne. It is in the Shire of Wellington local government area and it is the second most populous city of the Shire. It relies mainly on dairy farming and other agriculture, and is the sit .... References External links * *Digitise''World War I Victorian newspapers''from the State Library of Victoria Newspapers published in Victoria (Australia) Gippsland Sale, Victoria Newspapers on Trove {{Australia-newspaper-stub ...
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1928 Brighton State By-election
The 1928 Brighton state by-election was held on 24 April 1928 to elect the next member for Brighton in the Victorian Legislative Assembly, following the death of incumbent MP Oswald Snowball. Snowball, an Independent Nationalist who was also the Speaker of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, died on 16 March.Snowball, Oswald Robinson
Parliament of Victoria.
The by-election was won by Nationalist candidate and future premier , who narrowly defeated feminist and housewives' advocate

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Division Of Batman
The Division of Batman was an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. It took its name from John Batman, one of the founders of the city of Melbourne. The division was created in 1906, replacing the Division of Northern Melbourne, and was abolished in 2019 and replaced by the Division of Cooper. The division was located in Melbourne's northern suburbs. It covered an area of approximately from / in the north to in the south, with Merri Creek providing the vast majority of the western boundary and Darebin Creek, parts of Macleod and Plenty Road in Bundoora providing the eastern boundary. The suburbs of , Clifton Hill, , , , , , and ; and parts of Bundoora, , , and Thomastown were in this division. Held by Labor for all but 10 years of its history, Batman has traditionally been a safe Labor seat. However, the Greens have made the seat a contest since 2010, where they reduced Labor from a 26.0% margin to a 7.9% margin. Though Labor increased their margin aga ...
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1922 Australian Federal Election
The 1922 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 16 December 1922. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and 19 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Nationalist Party, led by Prime Minister Billy Hughes lost its majority. However, the opposition Labor Party led by Matthew Charlton did not take office as the Nationalists sought a coalition with the fledgling Country Party led by Earle Page. The Country Party made Hughes's resignation the price for joining, and Hughes was replaced as Nationalist leader by Stanley Bruce. Future Prime Minister Frank Forde and future opposition leader John Latham both entered parliament at this election. At this election, Hughes as the sitting prime minister made his second seat transfer, in this case, from Bendigo to North Sydney. Hughes had held Bendigo since transferring there from West Sydney at the 1917 election also as the sitting prime minister. Hughes remains the only sitting Prime Ministe ...
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Tom Tunnecliffe
Thomas Tunnecliffe (13 July 1869 – 2 February 1948) was an Australian politician. Representing the Australian Labor Party, he was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the electorates of West Melbourne (1903–1904), Eaglehawk (1907–1920) and Collingwood (1921–1947).Peter Love'Tunnecliffe, Thomas (Tom) (1869 - 1948)' ''Australian Dictionary of Biography'', Volume 12, Melbourne University Press, 1990, pp 284-285. Tunnecliffe was a bootmaker by trade, and became president of the Victorian Operative Bootmakers' Union in the 1880s. He was heavily involved in a number of radical political organisations around the turn of the century, including the Victorian Socialist League. He also served as president of the Victorian Trades Hall Council and the Eight Hours Committee. In 1903, representing the Labor Party, he won a by-election for the Legislative Assembly seat of West Melbourne. However, the electorate was abolished six months later following a redistributio ...
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1921 Victorian State Election
The 1921 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on Tuesday 30 August 1921 to elect the 65 members of the state's Legislative Assembly.Colin A Hughes, ''A Handbook of Australian Government and Politics 1890-1964'', Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1968 (). Background The trigger for the 1921 Victorian election was a dissolution of parliament caused by the Victorian Farmers' Union voting with Labor to defeat Harry Lawson's minority Nationalist government after Lawson, who was also the agriculture minister, had abolished the compulsory wheat pool operating in the state. Results Legislative Assembly Notes: *Nineteen seats were uncontested at this election, and were retained by the incumbent parties: **Nationalist (11): Benambra, Boroondara, Brighton, Bulla, Dalhousie, Gippsland West, Hawthorn, Ovens, Toorak, Walhalla, Waranga **Labor (7): Abbotsford, Carlton, Melbourne, North Melbourne, Port Melbourne, Richmond, Willia ...
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The Argus (Melbourne)
''The Argus'' was an Australian daily morning newspaper in Melbourne from 2 June 1846 to 19 January 1957, and was considered to be the general Australian newspaper of record for this period. Widely known as a conservative newspaper for most of its history, it adopted a left-leaning approach from 1949. ''The Argus''s main competitor was David Syme's more liberal-minded newspaper, ''The Age''. History The newspaper was originally owned by William Kerr, who was also Melbourne's town clerk from 1851–1856 and had been a journalist at the ''Sydney Gazette'' before moving to Melbourne in 1839 to work on John Pascoe Fawkner's newspaper, the '' Port Phillip Patriot''. The first edition was published on 2 June 1846. The paper soon became known for its scurrilous abuse and sarcasm, and by 1853, after he had lost a series of libel lawsuits, Kerr was forced to sell the paper's ownership to avoid financial ruin. The paper was then published by Edward Wilson. By 1855, it had a daily c ...
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1920 Victorian State Election
The 1920 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on Thursday 21 October 1920 to elect the 65 members of the state's Legislative Assembly.Colin A Hughes, ''A Handbook of Australian Government and Politics 1890-1964'', Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1968 (). Background The Nationalist party had reunited after the 1917 election in which the Nationalist members supporting John Bowser defeated those supporting the former Premier Alexander Peacock over his decision to increase country rail fares, and formed a majority government with 40 members. Bowser resigned as premier in March 1918, having little taste for the office, and was replaced by Peacock supporter Harry Lawson. Meanwhile, in rural Victoria, the Victorian Farmers' Union had been gathering support and was looking to gain more seats from the Nationalists in these regions. This election would be their debut as a major force in Victorian politics where neither the Nationalists ...
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George Elmslie (Australian Politician)
George Alexander Elmslie (21 February 1861 – 11 May 1918) was an Australian politician who served as the 25th and shortest serving Premier of Victoria, and the first Labor Premier. Biography Elmslie was born in Lethbridge, near Geelong, and although he had a secondary education, he followed his father's trade as a stonemason. He was employed on the first Wilson Hall at Melbourne University and on St Patrick's Cathedral. From 1888 he was an official of the Operative Stonemason's Society, and a delegate to the Melbourne Trades Hall. He was also President of the South Melbourne Football Club, ancestor of the Sydney Swans. Career In 1898, Elmslie was one of the founders of the Victorian Labour Federation, which had as its object "the unification of the workers in one all-comprehensive and extensive union." In 1902, he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as Labor member for Albert Park. Labor in Victoria in the early federal period was much weaker than in the ...
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The Australian Worker
''The Australian Worker'' was a newspaper produced in Sydney, New South Wales for the Australian Workers' Union. It was published from 1890 to 1950. History The newspaper had its origin in ''The Hummer'', "Official organ of the Associated Riverina Workers", a newspaper produced in Wagga Wagga in the depths of the 1890s depression on 19 October 1891. The paper was jointly funded by the Wagga branches of the Amalgamated Shearers' Union of Australasia and the General Workers' Union, which merged in 1894 to form the Australian Workers' Union. ''The Hummer'' was the first union-owned newspaper in New South Wales (there was a privately owned pro-labor paper called ''The Shearers' Record'' published by Andrews and Taylor), and was born out of the perception that many or most mainstream newspaper proprietors and editors were sufficiently hostile to Unionism to suppress or mutilate letters and news items sympathetic to workers' rights, and to come down heavily on the side of business o ...
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Kalgoorlie Miner
''The Kalgoorlie Miner'' (commonly known as ''The Miner'') is a daily newspaper circulating in the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder and the Goldfields-Esperance region, in Western Australia. It is published Monday to Saturday by Hocking & Co. Pty Ltd in Kalgoorlie and printed by Colourpress Pty Ltd in East Victoria Park. ''The West Australian'' and ''The Kalgoorlie Miner'' are the only two newspapers in Western Australia produced daily. It is also part of the West Regional network. History ''The Kalgoorlie Miner'' was founded by Sidney Edwin Hocking in September 1895. In 1896, Sidney Hocking launched Hocking & Co. Ltd with himself, brothers Percy and Ernest Hocking, J. W. Kirwan and their printer W. W. Willcock as shareholders. By 1898, ''The Kalgoorlie Miner'' had become a harsh critic of the Western Australian Government, led by John Forrest. The newspaper contended that the government discriminated against the goldfields population by inadequate parliamentary representati ...
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