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Mark I Csák
Mark (I) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (I.) Márk; d. after 1259)Zsoldos 2011, p. 327. was a Hungarian noble, who served as ispán (''comes'') of Hont County in 1247.Zsoldos 2011, p. 159. He was born into the Trencsén branch of the ''gens'' Csák as the eldest son of Matthew I and Margaret from an unidentified family.Kristó 1986, p. 31. According to a royal charter in 1259, Mark owned Lednic, Upper Hungary (today: ''Lednica, Slovakia''), where he built a castle. The name of the village was first mentioned here as "''Lednyche''". The charter refers to him as ''comes Mark de Lednyche''. Mark had two sons (Peter II and Stephen II) and two daughters (one of them was Maria, the wife of Ivánka Hont-Pázmány, then Zoeardus Zoárd).Engel: ''Genealógia'' (Genus Csák 6., Trencsén branch 1.) Mark's descendants remained landowners near the ancient estate of the genus, Csákvár, while his brothers, Stephen I, Matthew II and Peter I, as well as the latter's sons, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hont County
Hont County was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Most of its territory is now part of Slovakia, while a smaller southern portion is part of Hungary. Today, in Slovakia Hont is the informal designation of the corresponding territory and an official tourist region. Geography Hont county shared borders with the counties Bars, Zólyom, Nógrád, Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun and Esztergom. It was situated between Selmecbánya and the Danube river, but the territory around the town of Korpona was added only at the end of the 19th century. The rivers Korpona and Ipoly were the central rivers that flowed through the county. Its area was 2633 km2 around 1910. Capitals The capitals of the county were the Hont Castle together with Hídvég (present-day Ipeľské Predmostie), then from the 16th century onwards there was no permanent capital, and finally since early 19th century, the capital was Ipolyság (present-day Šahy). History The county arose in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen I Csák
Stephen (I) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (I.) István; ''c''. 1235 – 1279/83) was a Hungarian noble and landowner, who held secular positions during the reign of king Ladislaus IV. His nephew and heir was the oligarch Matthew III Csák, who, based on his uncles' acquisitions, became the ''de facto'' ruler of his domain independently of the king and usurped royal prerogatives on his territories. Family Stephen was born into the ''gens'' Csák as one of the four sons of Matthew I, founder and first member of the Trencsén branch, who served as master of the treasury (1242–1245), and Margaret from an unidentified noble family.Markó 2006, p. 219. Stephen's brothers were Mark I, ispán (''comes'') of Hont County in 1247, but there is no further information about him; Matthew II, a notable general and palatine of Hungary (1278–1280; 1282–1283); and Peter I, who also held powerful positions, including palatine (1275–1276; 1277; 1278; 1281) and who, furthermore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Facto
''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by law"), which refers to things that happen according to official law, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. History In jurisprudence, it mainly means "practiced, but not necessarily defined by law" or "practiced or is valid, but not officially established". Basically, this expression is opposed to the concept of "de jure" (which means "as defined by law") when it comes to law, management or technology (such as standards) in the case of creation, development or application of "without" or "against" instructions, but in accordance with "with practice". When legal situations are discussed, "de jure" means "expressed by law", while "de facto" means action or what is practiced. Similar expressions: "essentially", "unofficial", "in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen I at Esztergom around the year 1000;Kristó Gyula – Barta János – Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, , p. 687, pp. 37, pp. 113 ("Magyarország a 12. század második felére jelentős európai tényezővé, középhatalommá vált."/"By the 12th century Hungary became an important European factor, became a middle power.", "A Nyugat részévé vált Magyarország.../Hungary became part of the West"), pp. 616–644 his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European middle power within the Western world. Due to the Ottoman occupation of the central and south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comitatus (Kingdom Of Hungary)
''Comitatus'' was in ancient times the Latin term for an armed escort or retinue. The term is used especially in the context of Germanic warrior culture for a warband tied to a leader by an oath of fealty and describes the relations between a lord and his retainers, or thanes (OE þegn). The concept is generally considered by scholars to be more of a literary trope rather than one of historical accuracy. Scholars Bruce Mitchell and Fred C. Robinson describe the ''comitatus'' more fully:An heroic warrior brought up in this 'comitatus''tradition would show a reckless disregard for his life. Whether he was doomed or not, courage was best, for the brave man could win ''lof'' lory among menwhile the coward might die before his time. This is the spirit which inspired the code of the ''comitatus''. While his lord lived, the warrior owed him loyalty unto death. If his lord were killed, the warrior had to avenge him or die in the attempt. The lord in his turn had the duty of being gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matthew III Csák
Máté Csák or Matthew III Csák (between 1260 and 1265 – 18 March 1321; hu, Csák (III.) Máté, sk, Matúš Čák III), also Máté Csák of Trencsén ( hu, trencséni Csák (III.) Máté, sk, Matúš Čák III Trenčiansky), was a Hungarian oligarch who ruled ''de facto'' independently the north-western counties of Medieval Hungary (today roughly the western half of present-day Slovakia and parts of Northern Hungary). He held the offices of master of the horse ''(főlovászmester)'' (1293–1296), palatine ''(nádor)'' (1296–1297, 1302–1309) and master of the treasury ''(tárnokmester)'' (1309–1311). He was able to maintain his rule over his territories even after his defeat at the Battle of Rozgony against King Charles I of Hungary. In the 19th century, he was often described as a symbol of the struggle for independence in both the Hungarian and Slovak literatures. Early years He was a son of the Palatine Peter I Csák, a member of the Hungarian ''genus'' ("cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter I Csák
Peter (I) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (I.) Péter; ''c''. 1240 – 1283 or 1284) was a powerful Hungarian baron, landowner and military leader, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Stephen V and Ladislaus IV. His son and heir was the oligarch Matthew III Csák, who, based on his father and uncles' acquisitions, became the ''de facto'' ruler of his domain independently of the king and usurped royal prerogatives on his territories. Family He was born into the ''gens'' Csák as the youngest son of Matthew I Matthew I may refer to: *Matthew I Csák Matthew (I) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (I.) Máté; sk, Matúš Čák I; ? – 1245/1249) was a powerful Hungarian baron of king Béla IV, the first known member of the Trencsén branch o ..., founder and first member of the Trencsén branch, who served as Master of the treasury (1242–1245), and Margaret from an unidentified noble family.Markó 2006, p. 220. Peter's elder brothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matthew II Csák
Matthew (II) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (II.) Máté; sk, Matúš Čák II; ro, Matei Csáki al II-lea; ''c''. 1235 – 1283 or 1284) was a powerful Hungarian baron, landowner and military leader, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Béla IV, Stephen V and Ladislaus IV. He was the first notable member of the Trencsén branch of the ''gens'' ("clan") Csák. His nephew and heir was the oligarch Matthew III Csák, who, based on his uncles' acquisitions, became the ''de facto'' ruler of his domain independently of the king and usurped royal prerogatives on his territories. Family He was born around 1235 as one of the four sons of Matthew I, founder and first member of the Trencsén branch, who served as master of the treasury (1242–1245), and Margaret from an unidentified noble family.Markó 2006, p. 219. Matthew II's brothers were Mark I, ispán (''comes'') of Hont County in 1247, but there is no further information about him; Stephen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Csákvár
Csákvár is a town in Fejér county, Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a .... See also * Csák family References External links * in Hungarian Csákvár Fire DepartmentCsákvári TK – Football club Populated places in Fejér County Esterházy family {{Fejer-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen II Csák
Stephen (II) from the kindred Csák ( hu, Csák nembeli (II.) István; d. 1307/09)Zsoldos 2011, p. 311. was a Hungarian noble who served as Wildgrave of Bakony in 1280.Zsoldos 2011, p. 129. Biography He was born into the Trencsén branch of the ''gens'' Csák as the second son of Mark I. He had a brother Peter II and two sisters, including Maria, the wife of Ivánka Hont-Pázmány. His cousin was the oligarch Matthew III. Stephen had four children: Mark II; Peter III, who functioned as master of the horse between 1314 and 1317; Stephen III and a daughter, who married Roland III Rátót, son of palatine Roland II Rátót.Engel: ''Genealógia'' (Genus Csák 6., Trencsén branch 1.) Stephen and his descendants remained landowners near the ancient estate of the genus, Csákvár, while his cousins, Matthew III and Csák acquired possessions in the north-western counties of the Kingdom of Hungary, where later Matthew III, as the most powerful oligarch, ruled ''de facto'' indepe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivánka II Hont-Pázmány
Ivánka (II) from the kindred Hont-Pázmány ( hu, Hont-Pázmány nembeli (II.) Ivánka; died 1289) was a Hungarian noble in the second half of the 13th century. He served as Judge royal sometime in the 1280s. Family and career Ivánka (II) was born into the Szeg branch of the wealthy and prestigious ''gens'' (clan) Hont-Pázmány.Engel: ''Genealógia'' (Genus Hontpázmány 7., Szeg branch) This branch possessed three surrounding villages in Nyitra County called Malomszeg (present-day Lipová in Slovakia), Egyházszeg and Nagyszeg (today boroughs in Šurany, Slovakia). Ivánka's father was Ivahon (also known as Joachim or "Ivan de Szeg"). During the 1271 Hungarian–Bohemian War, Ivahon was captured when the army of Ottokar II of Bohemia besieged and occupied Nyitra Castle (Nitra), where Ivahon was among the defenders. Simultaneously, his lordship of Szeg was plundered and looted by the Bohemian troops. After his release following Ottokar's defeat, he was granted the village of D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Hungary
Upper Hungary is the usual English translation of ''Felvidék'' (literally: "Upland"), the Hungarian term for the area that was historically the northern part of the Kingdom of Hungary, now mostly present-day Slovakia. The region has also been called ''Felső-Magyarország'' (literally: "Upper Hungary"; sk, Horné Uhorsko). During the Habsburg–Ottoman wars, Upper Hungary meant only the northeastern parts of the Hungarian Kingdom. The northwestern regions (present-day western and central Slovakia) belonged to ''Lower Hungary''. Sometime during the 18th or 19th century, Upper Hungary began to imply the whole northern regions of the kingdom. The population of Upper Hungary was mixed and mainly consisted of Slovaks, Hungarians, Germans, Ashkenazi Jews and Ruthenians. The first complex demographic data are from the 18th century, in which Slovaks constituted the majority population in Upper Hungary. Slovaks called this territory "''Slovensko''" (Slovakia), which term appears in w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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