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Mariquina, Chile
Mariquina is a commune in southern Chile, Valdivia Province, Los Ríos Region. It is located about 40 km northeast of Valdivia, close to Cruces River. The capital is the city of San José de la Mariquina. The commune's main economic activities are agriculture, cattle farming and wood pulp manufacturing. Demographics According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Mariquina spans an area of and has 18,223 inhabitants (9,361 men and 8,862 women). Of these, 8,925 (49%) lived in urban areas and 9,298 (51%) in rural areas. The population grew by 1.5% (271 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses. Administration As a commune, Mariquina is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The current alcalde is Ronaldo Mitre Gatica. Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Mariquina is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Alfonso De Urresti ( PS) and Roberto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of Chile
A commune ( es, comuna, ) is the smallest administrative subdivision in Chile. It may contain cities, towns, villages, hamlets as well as rural areas. In highly populated areas, such as Santiago, Valparaíso and Concepción, a conurbation may be broken into several communes. In sparsely populated areas, conversely, a commune may cover a substantial rural area together with several settled areas which could range from hamlets to towns or cities. The term "commune" is ambiguous in English, but the word is commonly used in translation for "comuna", although with some controversy among translators. A comuna is similar to a "county" in Anglo-American usage and practice, and may be more universally understood as a "municipality". Each commune or municipality is governed by a directly elected body known as a municipal council (''concejo municipal'') consisting of a mayor (''alcalde'') and a group of councillors (''concejales''), for a period of four years. The communal civil service a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Area
An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs. In urbanism, the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets; in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment. The creation of earlier predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning, which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources led to a human impact on the environment. "Agglomeration effects" are in the list of the main consequences of increased rates of firm creation since. This is due to conditions created by a greater level of industrial activity in a given region. However, a favorable environment for human capital development would also be genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Manqueante
Juan Manqueante was a Mapuche cacique from Mariquina in the mid-17th century. While he is a historical figure there are many legends and tales associated to him. In local lore Manqueante is considered him the most notable person born in the lands of Mariquina. There is a street in San José named after him.Rivera 2018, p. 82. Dealing with the Dutch At the time the Dutch led by Elias Herckmans were in the ruins of Valdivia Manquente approached the Dutch expressing his support for them.Barros Arana 2000, p. 285. Despite being in friendly terms with the Dutch staunchly refused them to access the gold mines of Madre de Dios in his lands.Rivera 2018, p. 85. Manquente explained this by telling the Dutch of his people's negative experiences of Spanish gold mining. As the Dutch expedition to Valdivia planned to retreat back to Brazil Manquante provided relief to the hungry Dutch in the form of cattle.Lane 1998, p. 89. This relief was only temporary since Manqueante probably considered i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacique
A ''cacique'' (Latin American ; ; feminine form: ''cacica'') was a tribal chieftain of the Taíno people, the indigenous inhabitants at European contact of the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles. The term is a Spanish transliteration of the Taíno word ''kasike''. Cacique was initially translated as "king" or "prince" for the Spanish. In the colonial era the conquistadors and the administrators who followed them used the word generically, to refer to any leader of practically any indigenous group they encountered in the Western Hemisphere. In Hispanic and Lusophone countries, the term also has come to mean a political boss, similar to ''caudillo,'' exercising power in a system of ''caciquismo''. Spanish colonial-era caciques The Taíno word ''kasike'' descends from the Taíno word ''kassiquan'', which means "to keep house". In 1555 the word first entered the English language, defined as "prince". In Taíno culture, the ''kasike'' rank was her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corral, Chile
Corral is a town, commune and sea port in Valdivia Province, Los Ríos Region, Chile. It is located south of Corral Bay. Corral is best known for the forts of Corral Bay, a system of defensive batteries and forts made to protect Valdivia during colonial times. Corral was the headquarters of the system. Economic activities in Corral revolve around forestry, aquaculture, fishing, port services and both heritage and eco tourism. The town is connected to Valdivia by a gravel road, to Caleta Chaihuín by an asphalted road and to Niebla on the other side of the bay by a ferry service. History The settlement of Corral grew out from the headquarters of the forts of Corral Bay that were built in 1645 to protect the city of Valdivia. By that time Spanish ships sailed through Valdivia River all the way to Valdivia but Corral soon took over the role of receiving major ships. Until 1749 the fort of Corral had no more than four cannons.Guarda 1953, p. 153. Renewed interest in the defense ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Máfil
Máfil (Mapudungun for ''embraced between rivers'') is a town and commune of the Valdivia Province, Los Ríos Region in southern Chile, about 30 km northeast of Valdivia. The main economic activities of Máfil are forestry, cattle farming, cultivation and gold and coal mining the Madre de Dios and Mulpún areas. Its population was 7,213 persons per the 2002 census. Demographics According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Máfil spans an area of and has 7,213 inhabitants (3,773 men and 3,440 women). Of these, 3,796 (52.6%) lived in urban areas and 3,417 (47.4%) in rural areas. The population fell by 7% (547 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses. Administration As a commune, Máfil is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Moira Henzi Becker. Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Máfil is represented in the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanco, Chile
Lanco is a city and commune in southern Chile administered by the Municipality of Lanco. It is located in Valdivia Province in Los Ríos Region, about northeast of Valdivia by road, close to Cruces River. Demographics According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Lanco spans an area of and has 15,107 inhabitants (7,415 men and 7,692 women). Of these, 10,383 (68.7%) lived in urban areas and 4,724 (31.3%) in rural areas. Between the 1992 and 2002 censuses, the population grew by 9.8% (1,350 persons). Transport The highway Chile Route 5 passes by Lanco. Administration As a commune, Lanco is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Luis Cuvertino Gómez ( PS). Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Lanco is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Alfonso De Urresti (PS) and Roberto Delmastro ( RN) as part of the 53rd electora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Renewal (Chile)
National Renewal ( es, Renovación Nacional, RN) is a liberal conservative political party in Chile. It is a member of Chile Vamos, a center-right to right-wing coalition. Sebastián Piñera, the former President of Chile, is a member of the party. History National Renewal was formed on 29 April 1987 when three rightist organizations – the National Union Movement (''Movimiento de Unión Nacional'', MUN), the National Labour Front (''Frente Nacional del Trabajo'', FNT), and the Independent Democratic Union Movement (''Movimiento'' ''Unión Demócrata Independiente'', UDI) – joined in preparation for the 1988 Plebiscite that would determine the continuity or not of rule of Augusto Pinochet who had been in power since the coup of 1973. The UDI soon broke away to run as a separate party due to its strong support for the plebiscite and a Pinochet candidacy, while the remaining National Renewal party indicated its preference for an open election or a candidate other than Pinoch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Party Of Chile
The Socialist Party of Chile ( es, Partido Socialista de Chile, or PS) is a centre-left political party founded in 1933. Its historic leader was President of Chile Salvador Allende, who was deposed in a CIA-backed coup d'état by General Augusto Pinochet in 1973. The military junta immediately banned socialist, Marxist and other leftist political parties. Members of the Socialist party and other leftists were subject to violent suppression, including torture and murder, under the Pinochet dictatorship, and many went into exile. Twenty-seven years after the 1973 coup, Ricardo Lagos Escobar won the Presidency as the Socialist Party candidate in the 1999–2000 Chilean presidential election. Socialist Michelle Bachelet won the 2005–06 Chilean presidential election. She was the first female president of Chile and was succeeded by Sebastián Piñera in 2010. In the 2013 Chilean general election, she was again elected president, leaving office in 2018. History Beginnings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies Of Chile
The Chamber of Deputies ( es, Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados, links=no) is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress. Its organisation and its powers and duties are defined in articles 42 to 59 of Chile's current constitution. Eligibility Deputies must: be aged at least 21; not be disqualified from voting; have finished secondary school or its equivalent; and have lived in the corresponding electoral district for at least two years prior to the election. Electoral system Since 2017, Chile's congress has been elected through open list proportional representation under the D'Hondt method. Before 2017, a unique binomial system was used. These system rewards coalition slates. Each coalition could run two candidates for each electoral district's two Chamber seats. Typically, the two largest coalitions in a district divided the seats, one each, among themselves. Only if the leading coalition ticket out-polls the second-place coalition by a margin of more than two-to-one d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Divisions Of Chile
Chile has two distinct electoral division systems: * To elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate, Chile is divided into several electoral divisions, namely electoral districts and senatorial constituencies. * To elect members of the Regional Councils, Chile is divided into several provincial constituencies, each of which correspond to one province, except for a few ones that are divided into several constituencies. Electoral districts There are 60 electoral districts (''distrito electoral''). Each district elects two deputies. Districts are made of groups of communes. Notes: "VAP" is voting age population (population 18 and above on 13 December 2009); "Valid votes" is equal to "Total votes" minus null votes and blank votes; "T" are total votes; "E" is enrolled population; "V" are valid votes. The voting results are for the 13 December 2009 Chamber of Deputies election. Senatorial constituencies There are 19 senatorial constituencies (''circunscripción s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcalde
Alcalde (; ) is the traditional Spanish municipal magistrate, who had both judicial and administrative functions. An ''alcalde'' was, in the absence of a corregidor, the presiding officer of the Castilian '' cabildo'' (the municipal council) and judge of first instance of a town. ''Alcaldes'' were elected annually, without the right to reelection for two or three years, by the ''regidores'' (council members) of the municipal council. The office of the ''alcalde'' was signified by a staff of office, which they were to take with them when doing their business. A woman who holds the office is termed an ''Alcaldesa''. In New Spain (Mexico), ''alcaldes mayores'' were chief administrators in colonial-era administrative territories termed ''alcaldías mayores''; in colonial-era Peru the units were called ''corregimientos''. ''Alcalde'' was also a title given to Indian officials inside the Spanish missions, who performed a large variety of duties for the Franciscan missionaries. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
