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Marinestation Der Ostsee
The Marinestation der Ostsee (Baltic Sea Naval Station) was a command of both the Imperial German Navy, and the Reichsmarine which served as a shore command for German naval units operating primarily in the Baltic Sea. The station was headquartered at Kiel and was a counterpart command to the Marinestation der Nordsee. History The original founding of the Baltic Sea Naval Station predates the existence of the modern German state. The station was first established 1854 in Danzig and was relocated to Kiel in March 1865. During these early years, the station was operated by the Prussian Navy. At the start of the Franco-Prussian War in July 1870, the command consisted of relatively minor forces: the flagship of ''Konteradmiral'' (Rear Admiral) Eduard Heldt was the aviso , based in Kiel. Also in Kiel, he had the artillery training ship and the gunboats , , , and . Based in Stralsund were the gunboats and , and at Danzig was the screw corvette . The station was a major command ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial German Navy
The Imperial German Navy or the Imperial Navy () was the navy of the German Empire, which existed between 1871 and 1919. It grew out of the small Prussian Navy (from 1867 the North German Federal Navy), which was mainly for coast defence. Wilhelm II, German Emperor, Kaiser Wilhelm II greatly expanded the navy. The key leader was Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, who greatly expanded the size and quality of the navy, while adopting the sea power theories of American strategist Alfred Thayer Mahan. The result was a Anglo-German naval arms race, naval arms race with Britain, as the German navy grew to become one of the greatest maritime forces in the world, second only to the Royal Navy. The German surface navy proved ineffective during the First World War; its only major engagement, the Battle of Jutland, was a draw, but it kept the surface fleet largely in port for the rest of the war. The submarine fleet was greatly expanded and threatened the British supply system during the Atlantic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Screw Corvette
Steam frigates (including screw frigates) and the smaller steam corvettes, steam sloops, steam gunboats and steam schooners, were steam-powered warships that were not meant to stand in the line of battle. There were some exceptions like for example the French Napoléon class steam ship of the line was meant to stand in the line of battle, making it the world's first steam battleship. The first such ships were paddle steamers. Later on the invention of screw propulsion enabled construction of steam-powered versions of the traditional ships of the line, frigates, corvettes, sloops and gunboats. Evolution First steam warships The first small vessel that can be considered a steam warship was the ''Demologos'', which was launched in 1815 for the United States Navy. From the early 1820s, the British Navy began building a number of small steam warships including the armed tugs and , and by the 1830s the navies of America, Russia and France were experimenting with steam-powered war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hubert Schmundt
Hubert Schmundt (19 September 1888 – 17 October 1984) was a German admiral during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Career Schmundt joined the German Imperial Navy (''Kaiserliche Marine'') as a cadet in 1908 and was commissioned as a lieutenant in 1911. He was serving with the German East Asia Squadron aboard SMS Scharnhorst between 1910 and 1913 and returned to Germany in 1913. During World War I he was flag lieutenant of the 3rd destroyer flotilla and commanded the destroyer ''V71'' being promoted to Kapitänleutnant in 1918. Schmundt was awarded the Iron Cross first and second class. Schmundt remained in the Navy after the end of the war and in the 1920s commanded the torpedo boat ''S18'' and served as a staff officer. He was promoted to Korvettenkapitän in 1927 and served as an aide to Defence Minister Wilhelm Groener between 1929 and 1932. During the 1930s Schmundt commanded the light cruisers Königsberg (1934–35) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolf Carls
Rolf Hans Wilhelm Karl Carls (29 May 1885 – 24 April 1945) was a high-ranking German admiral during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Carls served as ''Flottenchef'' (Fleet Commander), the highest ranking administrative officer of the ''Kriegsmarine'' and member of the ''Oberkommando der Marine'' (High Command of the Navy). Carls was instrumental in planning German naval operations during Operation Weserübung, the invasion of Denmark and Norway. When Grand Admiral Erich Raeder resigned as commander-in-chief of the ''Kriegsmarine'' in early 1943, he suggested Carls as a potential candidate to succeed him. After Admiral Karl Donitz succeeded Raeder instead, Carls was discharged from the navy. Carls was killed in a British air raid on the town of Bad Oldesloe on 24 April 1945. Early life and career Rolf Carls was the son of Lieutenant Friedrich Wilhelm Anton Carls and his wife Martha Victoria Wilhelmine Anna Sophie, née P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conrad Albrecht
Conrad Albrecht (7 October 1880 in Bremen – 18 August 1969 in Hamburg) was a German admiral during World War II. Early military career Albrecht entered the ''Kaiserliche Marine'' (Imperial German Navy) on 10 April 1899 as a sea cadet. He made his basic training on the SMS Stosch. In March 1909 he was promoted to ''Kapitänleutnant''. With the outbreak of World War I he became commander of a torpedo boat flotilla in Flanders. In October 1916 he was raised to Korvettenkapitän. In January 1917 he became commander of Zerstörer-Flotille Flandern, remaining in that position till 31 October 1918. After World War I Albrecht served in the staff of the Marinestation der Ostsee (Marine Station of the Baltic Sea) until 12 March 1920. Afterwards till September 1920 he took command of I. Baltic Sea Minesweeper-Flotilla and then, till 27 March 1923, of the I. Flottille. He was promoted to Fregattenkapitän on 28 March 1923 and became commander of Naval Arsenal Kiel. On 1 May 1925 he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Schultze
Otto Schultze (11 May 1884 – 22 January 1966) was a '' Generaladmiral'' with the ''Kriegsmarine'' during World War II and a recipient of the ''Pour le Mérite'' during World War I. The ''Pour le Mérite'' was the Kingdom of Prussia's highest military order for German soldiers until the end of World War I. As a U-boat commander during World War I, he was credited with the sinking of 53 merchant ships for a total of 132,567 gross register tons, and of displacement. Early career Schultze was born on 11 May 1884 in Oldenburg and following his primary education, he joined the ''Kaiserliche Marine'' (Imperial Navy) on 7 April 1900 as a ''Seekadett'' (sea cadet). He initially served on during World War I before transferring to the U-boat service in 1915, taking command of . He surrendered command of ''U-63'' in mid-December 1917. He then served as a first officer of the admiral staff of the commander in chief of the U-boats at the Mediterranean Sea. At the same time, he held the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vizeadmiral
(abbreviated VAdm) is a senior naval flag officer rank in several German-speaking countries, equivalent to Vice admiral. Austria-Hungary In the Austro-Hungarian Navy there were the flag-officer ranks ''Kontreadmiral'' (also spelled ''Konterdmiral'' in the 20th century), ''Viceadmiral'' , and ''Admiral'', as well as ''Großadmiral''. Belgium In the Belgian Navy, the rank is known as , and . Germany Rank insignia and rating Its rank insignia, worn on the sleeves and shoulders, are one five-pointed star above a big gold stripe and two normal ones (without the star when rank loops are worn). It is grade B8 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence. The sequence of ranks (top-down approach) in that particular group is as follows: *OF-9: Admiral (Germany) / General (Germany) *OF-8: Vizeadmiral / Generalleutnant *OF-7: Konteradmiral / Generalmajor *OF-6: Flottillenadmiral / Brigadegeneral History Imperial German Navy and ''Kriegsmarine'' In the ''Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Von Schröder
Ludwig von Schröder (17 July 1854 Hintzenkamp near Eggesin – 23 July 1933 in Berlin-Halensee) was an Imperial German Navy officer and Admiral during the First World War and a recipient of the ''Pour le Mérite'' with Oak Leaves. Schröder entered the newly organized Imperial Naval Service in May 1871 as cadet after passing his examinations. He was assigned for eight months to the sail training ship SMS ''Niobe'' before being posted to Naval School Kiel. After graduation he was initially assigned as subaltern to naval infantry, followed by service on several ships, then as commanding officer of the aviso SMS ''Blitz'', the training vessel SMS ''Moltke'' and the cruiser SMS ''Vineta''. With his promotion to admiral in January 1911 he functioned as chief of the Cruiser Division of the West Indies Station. In February 1912 Schröder was elevated to the hereditary Prussian nobility by Kaiser Wilhelm II. Admiral Ludwig von Schröder retired from active duty in 1913. One of his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Admiral (Germany)
Admiral, short Adm, (german: Admiral) is the most senior flag officer rank in the German Navy. It is equivalent to General in the German Army or German Air Force. In the Central Medical Services there is no equivalent. In the German Navy ''Admiral'' is, as in many navies, a four-star rank with a NATO code of OF-9. There is currently one admiral in the German Navy, Admiral Manfred Nielson, serving as Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Transformation in Norfolk, Virginia. However, in other German speaking naval forces, e.g. Imperial German Navy, Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, Volksmarine, and the Austro-Hungarian K.u.K. Kriegsmarine, Admiral was an OF-8 three-star flag officer rank. Address The official manner of formal addressing of military people with the rank ''Admiral'' (OF-9) is "Herr/Frau Admiral". However, as to German naval traditions the addressing in seamen's language of military people with any ''flag officer rank'' (OF-6 to OF-9) is "Herr/Frau Admiral". In the Imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Regions And Districts Of The Kriegsmarine
Naval regions and districts were the official shore establishment of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The Kriegsmarine shore establishment was divided into four senior regional commands, who were in turn subordinated to the operational Navy Group commanders who commanded all sea and shore naval forces within a particular geographical region. Within each naval region were several subordinate naval districts who were responsible for all navy shore activities within their area of responsibility, most significantly were the various German ports of occupied Europe. Naval regions The naval regions (''Marineoberkommando'') were the senior most shore command in a given geographical area and were subordinate to the Navy Group commanders. A total of four naval regions were eventually established in occupied Europe during the Second World War. A deputy commander, known as the "2. Admiral" commanded staff units and oversaw regional administrative matters. Specifically, the de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kriegsmarine
The (, ) was the navy of Germany from 1935 to 1945. It superseded the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire (1871–1918) and the inter-war (1919–1935) of the Weimar Republic. The was one of three official branches, along with the and the , of the , the German armed forces from 1935 to 1945. In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, the grew rapidly during German naval rearmament in the 1930s. The 1919 treaty had limited the size of the German navy and prohibited the building of submarines. ships were deployed to the waters around Spain during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) under the guise of enforcing non-intervention, but in reality supported the Nationalists against the Spanish Republicans. In January 1939, Plan Z, a massive shipbuilding program, was ordered, calling for surface naval parity with the British Royal Navy by 1944. When World War II broke out in September 1939, Plan Z was shelved in favour of a crash building program for submarines (U-boat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany quickly became a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the government. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", alluded to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which Hitler and the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945 after just 12 years when the Allies defeated Germany, ending World War II in Europe. On 30 January 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany, the head of gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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