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Maria V. Pospelova-Shtrom
Maria Vladimirovna Pospelova-Shtrom (russian: Мария Владимировна Поспелова-Штром) (1902–1991) was a 20th century parasitologist best known for her work delineating the biology and public health importance of ticks in western Asia and eastern Europe, contributing to the reduction of the incidence of tick-borne diseases, especially tick-borne relapsing fever.Мария Владимировна Поспелова-Штром aria Vladimirovna Pospelova-Shtrom ''Памятные встречи моей жизни'' 'Memorable Meetings of My Life'' KMK Scientific Press Ltd., 2002, 140 pp., photos. . Described as "The book of memoirs of the famous Soviet zoologist, parasitologist Maria Vladimirovna Pospelova-Shtrom (1902-1991) covers the period from the 1920s to the 1950s. Biographical sketches of zoologists and parasitologists are given, E.N. Pavlovsky; V.N. Beklemishev; P.G. Sergeev; V.P. Pospelov; L.M. Isaev; B.I. Pomerantsev; Zh.K. Shtrom; geobotani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The rise of the Russian Empire coincided with the decline of neighbouring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Qajar Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and Qing China. It also held colonies in North America between 1799 and 1867. Covering an area of approximately , it remains the third-largest empire in history, surpassed only by the British Empire and the Mongol Empire; it ruled over a population of 125.6 million people per the 1897 Russian census, which was the only census carried out during the entire imperial period. Owing to its geographic extent across three continents at its peak, it featured great ethnic, linguistic, religious, and economic diversity. From the 10th–17th centuries, the land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outbreak
In epidemiology, an outbreak is a sudden increase in occurrences of a disease when cases are in excess of normal expectancy for the location or season. It may affect a small and localized group or impact upon thousands of people across an entire continent. The number of cases varies according to the disease-causing agent, and the size and type of previous and existing exposure to the agent. Outbreaks include many epidemics, which term is normally only for infectious diseases, as well as diseases with an environmental origin, such as a water or foodborne disease. They may affect a region in a country or a group of countries. Pandemics are near-global disease outbreaks when multiple and various countries around the Earth are soon infected. Definition The terms "outbreak" and "epidemic" have often been used interchangeably. Researchers Manfred S. Green and colleagues propose that the latter term be restricted to larger events, pointing out that '' Chambers Concise Dictionary'' and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health". Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, it has six regional offices and 150 field offices worldwide. The WHO was established on 7 April 1948. The first meeting of the World Health Assembly (WHA), the agency's governing body, took place on 24 July of that year. The WHO incorporated the assets, personnel, and duties of the League of Nations' Health Organization and the , including the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Its work began in earnest in 1951 after a significant infusion of financial and technical resources. The WHO's mandate seeks and includes: working worldwide to promote health, keeping the world safe, and serve the vulnerable. It advocates that a billion more people should have: universal health care coverag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acarology
Acarology (from Ancient Greek /, , a type of mite; and , ) is the study of mites and ticks, the animals in the order Acarina. It is a subfield of arachnology, a subdiscipline of the field of zoology. A zoologist specializing in acarology is called an acarologist. Acarologists may also be parasitologists because many members of Acarina are parasitic. Many acarologists are studying around the world both professionally and as amateurs. The discipline is a developing science and long-awaited research has been provided for it in more recent history. Acarological organisations * Laboratory of Medical Acarology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Tick Research Laboratory University of Rhode Island Tick Research Labat Texas A&M University Acarological societies International * International Congress of Acarology * Societe Internationale des Acarologues de Langue Francaise * Systematic and Applied Acarology Society Regional * Acarology Society of America * Acarological Soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subject-matter Expert
A subject-matter expert (SME) is a person who has authority, accumulated great knowledge in a particular field or topic and this level of knowledge is demonstrated by the person's degree, licensure, and/or through years of professional experience with the subject, i.e. a Doctor of Philosophy, PhD in chemistry could be easily declared as an SME in chemistry, or a person with a Second Class Radio Telegraph License (or equivalent) issued by the national licensing body (Federal Communications Commission in the United States, Ofcom in the UK, and National Telecommunications Commission in the Philippines, and other List_of_telecommunications_regulatory_bodies, authorities around the world) could be considered an SME in Morse_code, radio telegraph. A person with a master's degree in electronic engineering could be considered a subject matter expert in electronics, or a person with many years of experience in machining could be considered a subject matter expert in machining. The term is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US Department Of Commerce
The United States Department of Commerce is an executive department of the U.S. federal government concerned with creating the conditions for economic growth and opportunity. Among its tasks are gathering economic and demographic data for business and government decision making, and helping to set industrial standards. Its main purpose is to create jobs, promote economic growth, encourage sustainable development and block harmful trade practices of other nations.Steve Charnovitz, "Reinventing the Commerce Dept.", ''Journal of Commerce'', July 12, 1995. It is headed by the Secretary of Commerce, who reports directly to the President of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet. The Department of Commerce is headquartered in the Herbert C. Hoover Building in Washington, DC. History Organizational history The department was originally created as the United States Department of Commerce and Labor on February 14, 1903. It was subsequently renamed the Department of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ornithodoros
''Ornithodoros'' is a genus in the soft-bodied tick family, Argasidae. Physiology The opening between the midgut and hindgut has been lost, making the ticks unable to pass digestive waste products out of their bodies. Taxonomy The Linnean name derives from ''ornithos'' ( gr, ὄρνιθος) and ''doros'' ( gr, Δωρόν), meaning "bird" and "gift", respectively. It contains these species: *'' Ornithodoros alactagalis'' Issaakjan, 1936 *†''Ornithodoros antiquus'' Poinar, 1995 *''Ornithodoros apertus'' Walton, 1962 *''Ornithodoros arenicolous'' Hoogstraal, 1953 *''Ornithodoros asperus'' Warburton, 1918 *''Ornithodoros atacamensis'' Muñoz-Leal, Venzal & González-Acuña, 2016 *'' Ornithodoros brasiliensis'' Aragão, 1923 *''Ornithodoros cholodkovskyi'' Pavlovsky, 1930 *''Ornithodoros compactus'' Walton, 1962 *''Ornithodoros coniceps'' Canestrini, 1890 *''Ornithodoros costalis'' Diatta, Bouattour, Durand, Renaud & Trape, 2013 *''Ornithodoros coriaceus'' Koch, 1844 *''Ornith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argasidae
The Argasidae are the family of soft ticks, one of the three families of ticks. The family contains 193 species, although the composition of the genera is less certain, and more study is needed before the genera can become stable. The currently accepted genera are '' Antricola'', '' Argas'', '' Nothoaspis'', ''Ornithodoros'', and '' Otobius''. The Argasidae are very common in South Asia, along with 96 other species of ticks, making South Asia the region with the highest biodiversity of ticks worldwide. Soft ticks are resistant to desiccation and can live for several years in arid conditions. Physical characteristics Soft ticks lack the hard scutum present in the hard ticks (Ixodidae). The gnathosoma (or capitulum, the mouthparts-bearing structure) is located on the underside of the animal's body and is not readily visible, while in the Ixodidae, the gnathosoma projects forward from the body. The lateral edges of the body are rounded. See also *Ticks of domestic animals Ticks of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Experimental Ecology
Experimental ecology refers to work done by those who apply experimental methods to ecological study and the underlying processes. The immediate goal of the research is to understand the relationships between organism In biology, an organism () is any living system that functions as an individual entity. All organisms are composed of cells (cell theory). Organisms are classified by taxonomy into groups such as multicellular animals, plants, and ...s and their natural environment. References Subfields of ecology {{Ecology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Russia
Central Russia is, broadly, the various areas in European Russia. Historically, the area of Central Russia varied based on the purpose for which it is being used. It may, for example, refer to European Russia (except the North Caucasus and Kalinigrad). The 1967 book by Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn ''The Peasants of Central Russia'' defines the area as the territory from Novgorod Oblast to the north to the border with Ukraine in the south and from Smolensk Oblast to the west and Volga to the east. A review of the book clarifies that this concept is treated in the book as the historical and ethnographical one: this is the historical area of Great Russians.L. A. Anokhina, V. Iu. Krupianskaia, M. N. Shmeleva (translated by Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn), "On the Study of the Russian Peasantry", ''Current Anthropology'', ''Current Anthropology'', Vol. 14, No. 1/2 (Feb. - Apr., 1973), pp. 143-157, See also * Central Agricultural Zone (Russia) * Central Economic Region o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasus
The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range, have historically been considered as a natural barrier between Eastern Europe and Western Asia. Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe's highest mountain, is situated in the Western Caucasus. On the southern side, the Lesser Caucasus includes the Javakheti Plateau and the Armenian highlands, part of which is in Turkey. The Caucasus is divided into the North Caucasus and South Caucasus, although the Western Caucasus also exists as a distinct geographic space within the North Caucasus. The Greater Caucasus mountain range in the north is mostly shared by Russia and Georgia as well as the northernmost parts of Azerbaijan. The Lesser Caucasus mountain range in the south is occupied by several independent states, mostly by Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, but also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
