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Manneken-Pis
''Manneken Pis'' (; ) is a landmark bronze fountain sculpture in central Brussels, Belgium, depicting a puer mingens; a naked little boy urinating into the fountain's basin. Though its existence is attested as early as the 15th century, it was designed in its current form by the Brabantine sculptor Jérôme Duquesnoy the Elder and put in place in 1618 or 1619. ''Manneken Pis'' has been repeatedly stolen or damaged throughout its history. The current statue is a replica dating from 1965, with the original being kept in the Brussels City Museum. Nowadays, it is one of the best-known symbols of Brussels and Belgium, inspiring many imitations and similar statues. The figure is regularly dressed up and its wardrobe consists of around one thousand different costumes. Due to its self-derisive nature, it is also an example of '' belgitude'' (French; ), as well as of folk humour ('' zwanze'') popular in Brussels. ''Manneken Pis'' is an approximate five minutes' walk from the Grand- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puer Mingens
A puer mingēns (; plural puerī mingentēs ) is a figure in a work of art depicted as a prepubescent boy in the act of urinating, either actual or simulated. The puer mingens could represent anything from whimsy and boyish innocence to erotic symbols of virility and masculine bravado. Etymology and word play The term ''puer mingens'' come from the Latin ''puer'', meaning "boy", and from the Latin ''mingens'', the present participle of the verb ''mingere'' which means "to urinate". In Latin, verbs for urinating like ''mingere'' were frequently employed in the sense of "to ejaculate".Adams, J. N. ''The Latin Sexual Vocabulary''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982. This connotation was preserved in various descendents of Latin, including Italian with such words as ''pisciare''. On account of this, the urine emitted from the penis of the ''puer mingens'' can be interpreted symbolically as semen; and ''pueri mingentes'' are frequently found in works auguring fertility an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brussels Tram Route 3
The Brussels premetro- and tramline 3 connects the stop Esplanade (on the borders of Neder-Over-Heembeek, Laeken (Laken) and Strombeek-Bever) with the stop Churchill in Uccle (Ukkel). The line is named 3, after the originally planned metro line 3, which was planned to service most of the current route of tram line 3. The line was temporarily disbanded, but returned in service on 30 June 2008. The colour of the line is lime-green. Only tram lines 3 and 4 remain in the North-South Axis that runs underneath the city centre during the daytime. In the evening, the North-South axis is serviced by tram line 32. Both lines 3 and 4 have a 6-minutes schedule during rush hour and are serviced by the modern low-floor trams ( Bombardier T3000 and T4000). On August 31, 2009 the lines 3 and 4 changed their northern termini. Whereas line 3 used to end at the North station, it now continues all the way to Esplanade, while the line 4 route was shortened to terminate at North Station. Becaus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Braun
Georg Braun (also ''Brunus, Bruin''; 1541 – 10 March 1622) was a German topo-geographer. From 1572 to 1617, he edited the ''Civitates orbis terrarum,'' which contains 546 prospects, bird's-eye views and maps of cities from all around the world. He was the principal editor of the work, he acquired the tables, hired the artists, and wrote the texts. He died as an octogenarian in 1622, as the only survivor of the original team to witness the publication of volume VI in 1617. Biography Braun was born and died in Cologne. His principal profession was as a Catholic cleric. He spent thirty-seven years as canon and dean at the church, St. Maria ad Gradus, in Cologne. His six-volume work was inspired by Sebastian Münster's '' Cosmographia''. In form and layout it resembles the 1570 ''Theatrum orbis terrarum'' by Abraham Ortelius, as Ortelius was interested in a complementary companion for the Theatrum. The Braun publication set new standards in cartography for over 100 years. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartography
Cartography (; from grc, χάρτης , "papyrus, sheet of paper, map"; and , "write") is the study and practice of making and using maps. Combining science, aesthetics and technique, cartography builds on the premise that reality (or an imagined reality) can be modeled in ways that communicate spatial information effectively. The fundamental objectives of traditional cartography are to: * Set the map's agenda and select traits of the object to be mapped. This is the concern of map editing. Traits may be physical, such as roads or land masses, or may be abstract, such as toponyms or political boundaries. * Represent the terrain of the mapped object on flat media. This is the concern of map projections. * Eliminate characteristics of the mapped object that are not relevant to the map's purpose. This is the concern of generalization. * Reduce the complexity of the characteristics that will be mapped. This is also the concern of generalization. * Orchestrate the elements of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drinking Water
Drinking water is water that is used in drink or food preparation; potable water is water that is safe to be used as drinking water. The amount of drinking water required to maintain good health varies, and depends on physical activity level, age, health-related issues, and environmental conditions. This 2004 article focuses on the USA context and uses data collected from the US military. Recent work showed that the most important driver of water turnover which is closely linked to water requirements is energy expenditure. For those who work in a hot climate, up to a day may be required. Typically in developed countries, tap water meets drinking water quality standards, even though only a small proportion is actually consumed or used in food preparation. Other typical uses for tap water include washing, toilets, and irrigation. Greywater may also be used for toilets or irrigation. Its use for irrigation however may be associated with risks. Water may also be unacceptable due to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Dutch
In linguistics, Old Dutch (Dutch: Oudnederlands) or Old Low Franconian (Dutch: Oudnederfrankisch) is the set of Franconian dialects (i.e. dialects that evolved from Frankish) spoken in the Low Countries during the Early Middle Ages, from around the 5th to the 12th century. Page 27: "''...Aan het einde van de negende eeuw kan er zeker van Nederlands gesproken worden; hoe long daarvoor dat ook het geval was, kan niet met zekerheid worden uitgemaakt.''" t can be said with certainty that Dutch was being spoken at the end of the 9th century; how long that might have been the case before that cannot be determined with certainty./ref> Old Dutch is mostly recorded on fragmentary relics, and words have been reconstructed from Middle Dutch and Old Dutch loanwords in French. Old Dutch is regarded as the primary stage in the development of a separate Dutch language. It was spoken by the descendants of the Salian Franks who occupied what is now the southern Netherlands, northern Belgium, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bourgeois Of Brussels
In City of Brussels, Brussels, as in most European cities, one needed the capacity of Bourgeoisie, bourgeois (equivalent to German Burgher (title), burgher or English Burgess (title), burgess; in French ''bourgeois'' or ''citoyen'' ''de Bruxelles''; in Dutch ''poorter'' or ''borger'' ''van Brussel''; in Latin ''civis'' or ''oppidanus'' ''Bruxellensis'') in order to not only exercise Civil and political rights, political rights, but also to practice a Craft, trade, which, in Brussels, meant to be a member of the Guilds of Brussels, Guilds or of the Seven Noble Houses of Brussels, Seven Noble Houses. The charter of Brussels, as codified in 1570 in articles 206 and following, provided the conditions of admission to the bourgeoisie of the city. The Bourgeois were the Patrician (post-Roman Europe), patrician class of the city. This social class was abolished by Napoleon during the History of Belgium#French control, French occupation. Capacity of bourgeois The non-bourgeois inhabitan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphonse Wauters
Alphonse Wauters (1817–1898) was a Belgian archivist and historian. Life Alphonse Guillaume Ghislain Wauters was born in Brussels on 13 April 1817. He was appointed archivist of the city of Brussels on 2 April 1842. He became a correspondent of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium in 1860, and a member in 1868. In January 1886, after the death of Louis Prosper Gachard, he became the academy's secretary-treasurer.Joseph Cuvelier, "Wauters (Alphonse)", ''Biographie Nationale de Belgique''vol. 27(Brussels, 1938), 110-115. He died in Brussels on 1 May 1898. Works *''Les Délices de la Belgique, ou Description historique, pittoresque et monumentale de ce royaume'' (Brussels and Leipzig, 1844) *with Alexandre Henne, ''Histoire de Bruxelles'' (3 vols., Brussels, 1845) *''Notice historique sur la ville de Vilvorde, son ancien château, ses institutions civiles et religieuses, ouvrage composé d'après des documents pour la plupart inédits'' (Brussels, 1853) *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Language
Dutch ( ) is a West Germanic language spoken by about 25 million people as a first language and 5 million as a second language. It is the third most widely spoken Germanic language, after its close relatives German and English. ''Afrikaans'' is a separate but somewhat mutually intelligible daughter languageAfrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch; see , , , , , . Afrikaans was historically called Cape Dutch; see , , , , , . Afrikaans is rooted in 17th-century dialects of Dutch; see , , , . Afrikaans is variously described as a creole, a partially creolised language, or a deviant variety of Dutch; see . spoken, to some degree, by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia, evolving from the Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa. The dialects used in Belgium (including Flemish) and in Suriname, meanwhile, are all guided by the Dutch Language Union. In Europe, most of the population of the Netherlands (where it is the only official language spoken country ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flemish
Flemish (''Vlaams'') is a Low Franconian dialect cluster of the Dutch language. It is sometimes referred to as Flemish Dutch (), Belgian Dutch ( ), or Southern Dutch (). Flemish is native to Flanders, a historical region in northern Belgium; it is spoken by Flemings, the dominant ethnic group of the region. Outside of Flanders, it is also spoken to some extent in French Flanders and the Dutch Zeelandic Flanders. Terminology The term ''Flemish'' itself has become ambiguous. Nowadays, it is used in at least five ways, depending on the context. These include: # An indication of Dutch written and spoken in Flanders including the Dutch standard language as well as the non-standardized dialects, including intermediate forms between vernacular dialects and the standard. Some linguists avoid the term ''Flemish'' in this context and prefer the designation ''Belgian-Dutch'' or ''South-Dutch'' # A synonym for the so-called intermediate language in Flanders region, the # An indicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brusselian Dialect
Brusselian (also known as , , , or ) is a near-extinct dialect native to Brussels, Belgium. It is essentially a heavily- Francisized Brabantian Dutch dialect that incorporates a sprinkle of Spanish loanwords dating back to the rule of the Low Countries by the Habsburgs (1519–1713). Brusselian was widely spoken in the Marolles/Marollen neighbourhood of the City of Brussels until the 20th century. It still survives among a small minority of inhabitants called ''Brusseleers'' (or ''Brusseleirs''), many of them quite bi- and multilingual in French and Dutch. The Royal Theatre Toone, a folkloric theatre of marionettes in central Brussels, still puts on puppet plays in Brusselian. Toponymy The toponyms ' in Dutch or ' in French refer to the Marolles/Marollen, a neighbourhood of the City of Brussels, near the Palace of Justice, which itself takes its name from the former abbey of the Apostoline sisters, a religious group based in this area during the Middle Ages (from in Latin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
