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Manfred Kuschmann
Manfred Klaus Kuschmann (25 July 1950 – 13 February 2002) was an East German long-distance runner who won two medals at the 1974 European Athletics Championships: a gold in the 10,000 metres and a silver in the 5000 metres. He was twice a competitor at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and twice a medallist at the European Cup. Association of Road Racing Statisticians
The Association of Road Racing Statisticians is an independent, non-profit organization that collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics regarding road running races. The primary purpose of the ARRS is to maintain a valid list of world road record ... . Retr ...
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Sport Of Athletics
Athletics is a group of sporting events that involves competitive running, jumping, throwing sports, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and racewalking. The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts. The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most common types of sports in the world. Athletics is mostly an individual sport, with the exception of relay (athletics), relay races and competitions which combine athletes' performances for a team score, such as cross country. Organized athletics are traced back to the Ancient Olympic Games from 776 BC. The rules and format of the modern athletics events, events in athletics were defined in Western Europe and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Athletics Championships
The European Athletics Championships is a biennial (from 2010) athletics event organised by the European Athletics Association and is recognised as the elite continental outdoor athletics championships for Europe. Editions First held, for men only, in 1934 in Turin, and separately for women for the first time in Vienna in 1938, the Championships took place every four years following the end of the World War II, with the exception of the 1969 and 1971 editions, becoming a joint men's and women's competition from the third edition in 1946 in Oslo. Since 2010, they have been organised every two years, and when they coincide with the Summer Olympics, the marathon and racewalking events are not contested. From 2016, a half-marathon event has been held in those Olympic years, and both the marathon and half-marathon events held as part of the Championships also function as the principle European elite team events at those distances. In 2018 and 2022, the European Athletics Champi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1974 European Athletics Championships
The 11th European Athletics Championships of 1974 were held from 2 September to 8 September in Italy, at Rome's Stadio Olimpico. Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald. Men's results Complete results were published. Track 1969 , 1971 , 1974 , 1978 , 1982 Field 1969 , 1971 , 1974 , 1978 , 1982 Women's results Track 1969 , 1971 , 1974 , 1978 , 1982 Field 1969 , 1971 , 1974 , 1978 , 1982 Medal table Participation According to an unofficial count, 747 athletes from 29 countries participated in the event, two athletes more than the official number of 745 as published. * (5) * (21) * (25) * (1) * (46) * (12) * (71) * (33) * (44) * (1) * (12) * (21) * (2) * (7) * (48) * (1) * (2) * (13) * (14) * (56) * (4) * (20) * (83) * (17) * (33) * (12) * (68) * (64) * (11) References EAAAthletix {{1974 in athletics European Athletics Championships European Athletics Championships Sports competitions in Rome European Athl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1974 European Athletics Championships – Men's 10,000 Metres
The men's 10,000 metres at the 1974 European Athletics Championships was held in Rome, Italy, at Stadio Olimpico on 2 September 1974. Medalists Results Final 2 September Participation According to an unofficial count, 31 athletes from 17 countries participated in the event. * (3) * (3) * (2) * (2) * (1) * (1) * (2) * (1) * (3) * (3) * (1) * (1) * (2) * (1) * (3) * (1) * (1) References {{DEFAULTSORT:1974 European Athletics Championships, Mens 10000 metres 10000 metres 1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. I ... 10,000 metres at the European Athletics Championships ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1974 European Athletics Championships – Men's 5000 Metres
The men's 5000 metres at the 1974 European Athletics Championships was held in Rome, Italy, at Stadio Olimpico on 6 and 8 September 1974. Medalists Results Final 8 September This final was a fast race from the start, with Britain's Brendan Foster leading it all the way. He passed 1,000 metres in 2:39.2. In the early laps, Belgium's Willy Polleunis closely followed Foster, but soon after 1,000 metres the Belgian started to drop from the Briton's pace, and became the first runner to lose contact with the lead group. Polleunis would finish fifteenth and last in this final. Foster kept up the fast and steady pace, passing 2,000 metres in 5:20.2. Finland's Lasse Viren had already moved behind Foster during the second kilometre, with East Germany's Manfred Kuschmann running third. At 2,800 metres, Foster suddenly surged, and only Viren tried to keep up with him. The British runner passed 3,000 metres in 8:01.2. Viren slowed down before 3,100 metres, determined to conserve hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Germany
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state was a part of the Eastern Bloc in the Cold War. Commonly described as a communist state, it described itself as a socialist "workers' and peasants' state".Patrick Major, Jonathan Osmond, ''The Workers' and Peasants' State: Communism and Society in East Germany Under Ulbricht 1945–71'', Manchester University Press, 2002, Its territory was administered and occupied by Soviet forces following the end of World War II—the Soviet occupation zone of the Potsdam Agreement, bounded on the east by the Oder–Neisse line. The Soviet zone surrounded West Berlin but did not include it and West Berlin remained outside the jurisdiction of the GDR. Most scholars and academics describe the GDR as a totalitarian dictatorship. The GDR was establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long-distance Runner
Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least . Physiologically, it is largely Aerobic exercise, aerobic in nature and requires endurance, stamina as well as mental strength. Within endurance running comes two different types of respiration. The more prominent side that runners experience more frequently is aerobic respiration. This occurs when oxygen is present, and the body is able to utilize oxygen to help generate energy and muscle activity. On the other side, anaerobic respiration occurs when the body is deprived of oxygen, and this is common towards the final stretch of races when there is a drive to speed up to a greater intensity. Overall, both types of respiration are used by endurance runners quite often, but are very different from each other. Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates. The capacity for endurance running is also found in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10,000 Metres
The 10,000 metres or the 10,000-metre run is a common long-distance track running event. The event is part of the athletics programme at the Olympic Games and the World Athletics Championships, and is common at championship level events. The race consists of 25 laps around an Olympic-sized track. It is less commonly held at track and field meetings, due to its duration. The 10,000-metre track race is usually distinguished from its road running counterpart, the 10K run, by its reference to the distance in metres rather than kilometres. The 10,000 metres is the longest standard track event, approximately equivalent to or . Most of those running such races also compete in road races and cross country events. Added to the Olympic programme in 1912, athletes from Finland, nicknamed the "Flying Finns", dominated the event until the late 1940s. In the 1960s, African runners began to come to the fore. In 1988, the women's competition debuted in the Olympic Games. Official records ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5000 Metres
The 5000 metres or 5000-metre run is a common long-distance running event in track and field, approximately equivalent to or . It is one of the track events in the Olympic Games and the World Championships in Athletics, run over laps of a standard track. The same distance in road running is called a 5K run; referring to the distance in metres rather than kilometres serves to disambiguate the two events. The 5000 m has been present on the Olympic programme since 1912 for men and since 1996 for women. Prior to 1996, women had competed in an Olympic 3000 metres race since 1984. The 5000 m has been held at each of the World Championships in Athletics in men's competition and since 1995 in women's. The event is almost the same length as the dolichos race held at the Ancient Olympic Games, introduced in 720 BCE. World Athletics keeps official records for both outdoor and indoor 5000-metre track events. 3 miles The 5000 metres is the (slightly longer) approximate m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IAAF World Cross Country Championships
World Athletics Cross Country Championships is the most important competition in international cross country running. Formerly held annually and organised by World Athletics (formerly the IAAF), it was inaugurated in 1973, when it replaced the International Cross Country Championships. It was an annual competition until 2011, when World Athletics changed it to a biennial event. History Traditionally, the World Cross Country Championships consisted of four races: one each for men (12 km) and for women (8 km); and one each for junior men (8 km) and for junior women (6 km). Scoring was done for individuals and for national teams. In the team competition, the finishing positions of the top six scorers from a team of up to nine are summed for the men and women, respectively, and the lowest score wins. For the junior races, the top three from a team of up to four are scored. The year 1998 saw the introduction of two new events at the World Cross Country Championships ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Cup (athletics)
The European Cup is a former athletics competition for European teams that was replaced by the European Team Championships starting in 2009. The European Cup saw most of the major nations of Europe compete. Originally known as the Bruno Zauli Cup, it first took place in 1965 in Stuttgart (men) and Kassel (women), Germany. Initially, the competition was a bi-annual event (tri-annual once); however, from 1993, it took place once every year. History The main idea of the cup, developed by Bruno Zauli, president of the European Committee of the International Association of Athletics Federations, was to create a competition for all European athletics federations, in which they would face each other in track and field events. Although Zauli died a few months before the launch of the first event, the competition has gone from strength to strength. The competition always had different leagues through which countries had to progress. For the first twenty years, there were different groups (l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Of Road Racing Statisticians
The Association of Road Racing Statisticians is an independent, non-profit organization that collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics regarding road running races. The primary purpose of the ARRS is to maintain a valid list of world road records for standard race distances and to establish valid criteria for road record-keeping. The official publication of the ARRS is the '' Analytical Distance Runner''. This newsletter contains recent race results and analysis and is distributed to subscribers via e-mail. The ARRS is the only organized group that maintains records on indoor marathons. History Ken Young (November 9, 1941 - February 3, 2018) of Petrolia, California was a retired professor of atmospheric physics and former American record-holder in the indoor marathon who currently holds two of the top 10 marks in the event. Ted Haydon, a former track coach for the University of Chicago Track Club and the United States in the 1968 Olympic Games, reportedly staged an indoor ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
