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Maleylpyruvate
3-Maleylpyruvic acid, or 3-maleylpyruvate, is a dicarboxylic acid formed by the oxidative ring opening of gentisic acid Gentisic acid is a dihydroxybenzoic acid. It is a derivative of benzoic acid and a minor (1%) product of the metabolic break down of aspirin, excreted by the kidneys. It is also found in the African tree ''Alchornea cordifolia'' and in wine. Pro ... by gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase during the metabolism of tyrosine. It is converted into 3-fumarylpyruvate by maleylpyruvate isomerase. References Dicarboxylic acids {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase
In enzymology, a gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 \rightleftharpoons maleylpyruvate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate and O2, whereas its product is 3-maleylpyruvate. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O2 as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2. The systematic name of this enzyme class is gentisate:oxygen 1,2-oxidoreductase (decyclizing). Other names in common use include gentisate oxygenase, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate dioxygenase, gentisate dioxygenase, and gentisic acid oxidase. This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism. It employs one cofactor, iron. Structural studies As of late 2007, only one structure A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gentisic Acid
Gentisic acid is a dihydroxybenzoic acid. It is a derivative of benzoic acid and a minor (1%) product of the metabolic break down of aspirin, excreted by the kidneys. It is also found in the African tree ''Alchornea cordifolia'' and in wine. Production Gentisic acid is produced by carboxylation of hydroquinone.Phillip M. Hudnall "Hydroquinone" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 2005 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. . :C6H4(OH)2 + CO2 → C6H3(CO2H)(OH)2 This conversion is an example of a Kolbe–Schmitt reaction. Alternatively the compound can be synthesized from salicylic acid via Elbs persulfate oxidation. Reactions In the presence of the enzyme gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, gentisic acid reacts with oxygen to give maleylpyruvate: :2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 \rightleftharpoons maleylpyruvate Applications As a hydroquinone, gentisic acid is readily oxidised and is used as an antioxidant excipient in some pharmaceutical preparations. In the la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3-Fumarylpyruvate
3-Fumarylpyruvic acid, or 3-fumarylpyruvate, is a dicarboxylic acid formed from the isomerisation of 3-maleylpyruvate by maleylpyruvate isomerase. It is converted into fumarate and pyruvate Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, CH3COCOO−, is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell. Pyruvic aci ... by 3-fumarylpyruvate hydrolase. References Dicarboxylic acids {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maleylpyruvate Isomerase
In enzymology, a maleylpyruvate isomerase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :3-maleylpyruvate \rightleftharpoons 3-fumarylpyruvate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 3-maleylpyruvate, and one product, 3-fumarylpyruvate. This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically cis-trans isomerases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-maleylpyruvate cis-trans-isomerase. This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism. Structural studies As of late 2007, two structures A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as ... have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes and . References * EC 5.2.1 Enzymes of known structure {{isomerase-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |