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Malay Technology Museum
The Malay Technology Museum ( ms, Muzium Teknologi Melayu) is a museum in Kota Batu, a historical area in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. It was opened in 1988 and contains exhibits on the traditional technologies used by the indigenous people of Brunei. Location The museum is located in Kota Batu, a historical area in the capital which is home to the Kota Batu archaeological site, and the mausoleums of Sultan Sharif Ali and Sultan Bolkiah, the 3rd and 5th Sultans of Brunei respectively. It is also located near the Brunei Museum and the Brunei Darussalam Maritime Museum. History The building was donated by the Royal Dutch Shell in conjunction with Brunei's independence in 1984. It was inaugurated by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah on 29 February 1988. Galleries The museum has three galleries: * Water Village Traditional House Gallery — depicts the traditional architecture of houses in Kampong Ayer * Water Village Traditional Technology Gallery — depicts the traditional ind ...
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Kota Batu, Brunei
Kota Batu is a historical as well as populated area in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei. It is home to the Kota Batu archaeological site, a few of the country's museums and two mausoleums of the earliest Sultans of Brunei. However, the place is still populated and at present it is a neighbourhood of the capital. Name "Kota Batu" is the Malay term which literally means "Stone Fort". History Kota Batu was believed to be the ancient capital of Brunei, before the emergence of Kampong Ayer, which is further inland, and over the Brunei River, during the Brunei Civil War in the 17th century. According to Brunei source Silsilah Raja-Raja Brunei, Kota Batu was founded by Sharif Ali ibn Ajlan ibn Rumaithah ibn Muhammad. Among the founding workers were Chinese people. The palace, masjid and educational institutions were built in the quickly developing center of the Sultanate. During the reign of Muhammad Hassan, there were "two palaces within a square compound surrounded by a ...
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Brunei Darussalam Maritime Museum
The Brunei Darussalam Maritime Museum () is a museum located at Kota Batu, Brunei. Background The museum is located within the historical area of Kota Batu. The building is a short walk to the Malay Technology Museum. The construction began in December 2006 and completed sometime in 2008. However, delay caused it to only be opened to public after seven years. The museum was officially launched by His Royal Highness Crown Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah on March 23, 2015. The construction costed around five million in Brunei Dollars. Exhibits The museum comprises three galleries. Two of the galleries are for permanent exhibition where as the third gallery is for temporary exhibition. The first gallery is called 'the Brunei Shipwreck' and displays a selection from the 13,500 artefacts recovered from a shipwreck site about 32 nautical miles from the coast of Brunei back in 1997. The collection, thus the artefacts displayed in this gallery, consist of foreign ceramics dating back ...
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Lun Bawang
The Lun Bawang (formerly known as Trusan Murut or Southern Murut) is an ethnic group found in Central Northern Borneo. They are indigenous to the southwest of Sabah (Interior Division), and the northern region of Sarawak (Limbang Division), highlands of North Kalimantan ( Krayan, Malinau, Mentarang, and Long Bawan), Brunei ( Temburong District). In the Malaysian state of Sarawak, the Lun Bawang (through the term ''Murut'') are officially recognised by the Constitution as a native of Sarawak and are categorised under the Orang Ulu people; whilst in the neighbouring state of Sabah and Krayan highland in Kalimantan, they are sometimes named ''Lundayeh'' or ''Lun Daye''. In Brunei, they are also identified by law as one of the 7 natives (indigenous people) of Brunei, through the term ''Murut''. Nevertheless, in Sabah, Kalimantan, and Brunei, the term Lun Bawang is gaining popularity as a unifying term for this ethnicity across all regions. There are also other alternative nam ...
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Bisaya (Borneo)
Bisaya is an indigenous people from the northwest coast of East Malaysia on the island of Borneo. Their population is concentrated around Beaufort, Kuala Penyu, Menumbok, Sipitang, Labuan Federal Territory and in Limbang District, Sarawak. The Bisaya tribe has many similarities with the Dusun Tatana tribe, especially in terms of language. It is evident that some of their dialogical language conversations are almost identical if they have a dialogue with each other. Nowadays the Bisaya living in Sabah are Muslim, while the Bisaya living in Sarawak are mostly Christian. In Brunei, they are referred as ''Dusun'', ''Jati Dusun'' and ''Bisaya'' (one group with the Dusun people of Sabah, Dusunic people). The Bisaya is closely related, linguistically, with the Tatana Dusun of Kuala Penyu, Sabah. Origin and etymology Several theories have been put forward by various researchers regarding the origins of the name of the Bisaya people. Beyer H.O. in 1926, Hester E.D. in 1954 and Harr ...
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Kedayan
The Kedayan (also known as Kadayan, Kadaian or Kadyan) are an ethnic group residing in Brunei, Federal Territory of Labuan, southwest of Sabah, and north of Sarawak on the island of Borneo. According to the Language and Literature Bureau of Brunei, the Kedayan language (ISO 639-3: kxd) is spoken by about 30,000 people in Brunei, and it has been claimed that there are a further 46,500 speakers in Sabah and 37,000 in Sarawak. In Sabah the Kedayan mainly live in the cities of Sipitang, Beaufort, Kuala Penyu and Papar. In Sarawak the Kedayans mostly reside in Lawas, Limbang, Miri and the Subis area. The Kedayan people are also regarded as a sub-ethnic group of the Klemantan Dayak people. History The origins of the Kedayans are uncertain. Some of them believe their people were originally from Ponorogo, Java, which they left during the reign of Sultan Bolkiah. Because of his fame as a sea captain and voyager, the Sultan was well-known to the people of Java, Sumatra and the Phili ...
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Kampong Ayer
Kampong Ayer is a prominent traditional settlement in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei. It comprises neighbourhoods of traditional houses, schools and mosques built on stilts above the Brunei River near the capital's city centre. It has an area of about ; the total population was 10,250 in 2016. It has been historically nicknamed 'Venice of the East'. Kampong Ayer has been historically the principal settlement of Brunei; it was the ''de facto'' capital, in particular social and economic centre, of the Bruneian Empire for a few centuries, but also extending into the early period during British imperialism in Brunei. Name The present name 'Kampong Ayer' is the obsolete romanised spelling of the Malay term '', which literally means 'Water Village'. However, the old spelling version is retained and still used as the primary name of the place. History Kampong Ayer is believed to have been inhabited for several centuries. There are several historical records, particularly ...
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Free Malaysia Today
Free Malaysia Today (FMT) is an independent, bilingual news online portal with content, in both English and Bahasa Malaysia (Malay), with a focus on Malaysian current affairs, published since 2009."Archived Web Site: Free Malaysia Today"
archives of the United States , retrieved 2 February 2020
It is one of 's most accessed news sites with monthly visits of 11.83 million.Lumsden, Linda J. (

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Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
Hassanal Bolkiah ibni Omar Ali Saifuddien III ( Jawi: ; born 15 July 1946) is the 29th and current Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan of Brunei since 1967 and the Prime Minister of Brunei since independence from the United Kingdom in 1984. He is one of the last absolute monarchs in the world. The eldest son of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III and ''Raja Isteri'' (Queen) Pengiran Anak Damit, he succeeded to the throne as the sultan of Brunei following the abdication of his father on 5 October 1967. The sultan has been ranked among the wealthiest individuals in the world. In 2008, ''Forbes'' estimated the sultan's total peak net worth at US$20 billion. Following the death of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom in 2022, the Sultan is currently the world's longest-reigning current monarch, as well as the longest-serving current head of state. On 5 October 2017, the sultan celebrated his Golden Jubilee to mark the 50th year of his reign on the throne. Early life The sultan was born ...
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Royal Dutch Shell
Shell plc is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England. Shell is a public limited company with a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and secondary listings on Euronext Amsterdam and the New York Stock Exchange. It is one of the oil and gas "supermajors" and by revenue and profits is consistently one of the largest companies in the world. Measured by both its own emissions, and the emissions of all the fossil fuels it sells, Shell was the ninth-largest corporate producer of greenhouse gas emissions in the period 1988–2015. Shell was formed in 1907 through the merger of Royal Dutch Petroleum Company of the Netherlands and The "Shell" Transport and Trading Company of the United Kingdom. The combined company rapidly became the leading competitor of the American Standard Oil and by 1920 Shell was the largest producer of oil in the world. Shell first entered the chemicals industry in 1929. Shell was one of the " Seven Sisters" whi ...
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Brunei Museum
The Brunei Museum ( ms, Muzium Brunei) is the national museum of Brunei. It is located in Kota Batu in the capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The museum has exhibits of Islamic art, historical period of the 16th century and archaeology and ethnography. It is the largest museum in Brunei. The museum has been closed since 2014 for repairs and upgrade, and was expected to reopen in 2020, but remains closed in 2022. The museum published the first ''Brunei Museum Journal'', an academic journal in 1969, which is an annual feature now. Location The museum is located in Kota Batu, about 4.5 kilometres or 3 miles from the capital's city centre. It sits on a hill overlooking the Brunei River. It is located near the Kota Batu archaeological site, as well as the royal mausoleums of Sultan Sharif Ali and Sultan Bolkiah, the 3rd and 5th Sultans of Brunei respectively. History The museum was established in 1965 and initially housed at the Civic Centre in the capital (then known as Brunei Town). I ...
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Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan (BSB; Jawi: بندر سري بڬاوان; ) is the capital city of Brunei. It is officially a municipal area () with an area of and an estimated population of 100,700 as of 2007. It is part of Brunei-Muara District, the smallest yet most populous district which is home to over 70 per cent of the country's population. It is the country's largest urban centre and nominally the country's only city. The capital is home to Brunei's seat of government, as well as a commercial and cultural centre. It was formerly known as Brunei Town until it was renamed in 1970 in honour of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III, the 28th Sultan of Brunei and the father of the current Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. The history of Bandar Seri Begawan can be traced back to the establishment of a Malay stilt settlement on the waters of the Brunei River which became the predecessor of Kampong Ayer today. It became the capital of the Bruneian Sultanate from the 16th century onwards, as well as i ...
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Sultans Of Brunei
The sultan of Brunei is the monarchical head of state of Brunei and head of government in his capacity as prime minister of Brunei. Since independence from the British in 1984, only one sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century. The sultan of Brunei can be thought of as synonymous with the ruling House of Bolkiah, with generations being traced from the first sultan, temporarily interrupted by the 13th sultan, Abdul Hakkul Mubin, who in turn was deposed by a member of the House of Bolkiah. The sultan's full title is His Majesty The Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam. Sultans Uncertainties The earliest historical record of the Sultans of Brunei is not clearly known due to the poor early documentation of Brunei history. In addition there has been an effort to ''Islamise'' the history, with the "official history" not matching up with verifiable foreign sources The ''Batu Tarsilah'' - the genealogical record of the kings of Brun ...
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