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Magonid
The Magonids were a political dynasty of Ancient Carthage from 550 BCE to 340 BCE. The dynasty was first established under Mago I, under whom Carthage became pre-eminent among the Phoenician colonies in the western Mediterranean. Under the Magonids, the Carthaginian Empire expanded to include Sardinia, Libya, and for almost a decade much of Sicily. Nature of Magonid rule Leading experts on Carthage have been sceptical as to whether it is even possible to reconstruct the internal history of Carthage, and this needs to be borne in mind in relation to the Magonids. Mago and his successors probably ruled less like kings and more like tyrants or political strongmen. Diodorus, however, describes them as kings according to the law, which implies a legal procedure rather than a naked seizure of power. Similarly, Herodotus tells us that Hamilcar I was "king by valour," implying selection rather than hereditary succession.Carthage, a history, Serge Lancel, p113 In 480 BCE, after Hamilcar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Himilco II Of Carthage
Himilco (died 396 BC) was a member of the Magonids, a Carthaginian family of hereditary generals, and had command over the Carthaginian forces between 406 BC and 397 BC. He is chiefly known for his war in Sicily against Dionysius I of Syracuse. Between 550 BC and 375 BC, the Magonid Family of Carthage played a central role in the political and military affairs of the Carthaginian Empire. Himilco came to prominence after being selected as deputy to his cousin Hannibal Mago in 406 BC for the Carthaginian expedition to Sicily. He took command of the expedition after Hannibal's death and sacked Akragas, Gela and Camarina while fighting off determined Greek opposition led by successive leaders of Syracuse. The peace treaty Himilco concluded with Dionysius of Syracuse in 405 BC expanded Carthaginian holdings in Sicily to their maximum extent. Elected "king" around 398 BC, Himilco then led the Carthaginian effort against Dionysius from that date. Although initially successful, Himilc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Carthage
Carthage () was a settlement in modern Tunisia that later became a city-state and then an empire. Founded by the Phoenicians in the ninth century BC, Carthage reached its height in the fourth century BC as one of the largest metropolises in the worldGeorge Modelski, ''World Cities: –3000 to 2000'', Washington DC: FAROS 2000, 2003. . Figures in main tables are preferentially cited. Part of former estimates can be read at Evolutionary World Politics Homepage Archived 2008-12-28 at the Wayback Machine and the centre of the Carthaginian Empire, a major power in the ancient world that dominated the western Mediterranean. Following the Punic Wars, Carthage was destroyed by the Romans in 146 BC, who later rebuilt the city lavishly. Carthage was settled around 814 BC by colonists from Tyre, a leading Phoenician city-state located in present-day Lebanon. In the seventh century BC, following Phoenicia's conquest by the Neo-Assyrian Empire, Carthage became independent, gradually ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasdrubal I Of Carthage
HasdrubalI ( xpu, 𐤏𐤆𐤓𐤁𐤏𐤋 , ''ʿAzrubaʿal'', "Help of Baal") was a Magonid king of Ancient Carthage, a kingdom with its capital, Carthage, located in present-day Tunisia, from 530 to 510BC. Rule In the mid 520sBC, Hasdrubal, along with his brother Hamilcar I, launched an expedition against Sardinia. Hasdrubal was elected as "King" eleven times, was granted a triumph four times (the only Carthaginian to receive this honour – there is no record of anyone else being honoured to that extent by Carthage) and died of his battle wounds received in Sardinia. Carthage had engaged in a 25-year struggle in Sardinia, where the natives may have received aid from Sybaris, then the richest city in Magna Graecia and an ally of the Phocaeans. The Carthaginians faced resistance from Nora and Sulci in Sardinia, while Carales and Tharros had submitted willingly to Carthaginian rule. Hasdrubal's war against the Libyans failed to stop the annual tribute payment. Around this time, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Himera (480 BC)
The Battle of Himera (480 BC), supposedly fought on the same day as the Battle of Salamis, or at the same time as the Battle of Thermopylae, saw the Greek forces of Gelon, King of Syracuse, and Theron, tyrant of Agrigentum, defeat the Carthaginian force of Hamilcar the Magonid, ending a Carthaginian bid to restore the deposed tyrant of Himera. The alleged coincidence of this battle with the naval battle of Salamis and the resultant derailing of a Punic-Persian conspiracy aimed at destroying the Greek civilization is rejected by modern scholars. Scholars also agree that the battle led to the crippling of Carthage's power in Sicily for many decades. It was one of the most important battles of the Sicilian Wars. The discovery in 2007 and 2008 of mass graves from the battle has confirmed the location and nature of the battle. Background The Phoenicians had planted trading posts all over the coast of Sicily after 900 BC, but had never penetrated far inland. They had traded with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mago III Of Carthage
__NOTOC__ MagoII, also known as Magon ( xpu, 𐤌𐤂𐤍, ), was Shofet of Carthage from 396 to 375 BCE, and was a member of the Magonid dynasty. He became Shofet after the suicide of Himilco II in 396 BCE and was succeeded by Mago III (or Himilco Mago) in 375 BCE. His reign started during wars with the Greeks of Sicily, who under the leadership of Dionysius I of Syracuse had defeated his predecessor. He quelled a rebellion in Libya, and made peace with Syracuse at the expense of his Sicilian allies the Sicels. War broke out again at the end of his reign and he died in the Carthaginian defeat of the Battle of Cabala, he was succeeded by his son, also called Mago "Himilco Mago" who led the Carthaginians to a great victory against Dionysius at the battle of Cronium. See also * Magonids The Magonids were a political dynasty of Ancient Carthage from 550 BCE to 340 BCE. The dynasty was first established under Mago I, under whom Carthage became pre-eminent a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mago II Of Carthage
__NOTOC__ MagoII, also known as Magon ( xpu, 𐤌𐤂𐤍, ), was Shofet of Carthage from 396 to 375 BCE, and was a member of the Magonid dynasty. He became Shofet after the suicide of Himilco II in 396 BCE and was succeeded by Mago III (or Himilco Mago) in 375 BCE. His reign started during wars with the Greeks of Sicily, who under the leadership of Dionysius I of Syracuse had defeated his predecessor. He quelled a rebellion in Libya, and made peace with Syracuse at the expense of his Sicilian allies the Sicels. War broke out again at the end of his reign and he died in the Carthaginian defeat of the Battle of Cabala, he was succeeded by his son, also called Mago "Himilco Mago" who led the Carthaginians to a great victory against Dionysius at the battle of Cronium. See also * Magonids The Magonids were a political dynasty of Ancient Carthage from 550 BCE to 340 BCE. The dynasty was first established under Mago I, under whom Carthage became pre-eminent a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mago I Of Carthage
MagoI, also known as Magon ( xpu, 𐤌𐤂𐤍, ), was the king of the Ancient Carthage from 550 BC to 530 BC and the founding monarch of the Magonid dynasty of Carthage.Carthage . Accessed 30 November 2008 Mago I was originally a . Under Mago, Carthage became preeminent among the Phoenician colonies in the western . Rule Under Mago, Carthage established itself as the dominant Phoenician military power in the westernMediterranean
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Hamilcar I Of Carthage
( xpu, 𐤇𐤌𐤋𐤊, ) was a Magonid king of Carthage in present-day Tunisia from 510 to 480 BC. Rule Treaty with Rome Carthage concluded treaties with several states, most notably with Rome. Signed in 509 BC, the treaty formalized a division of influence and commercial activities. This treaty is the first known source suggesting that Carthage had gained control over Sicily and Sardinia, as well as Emporia and the area south of Cape Bon in Africa. Carthage may have signed the treaty with Rome, then an insignificant backwater, because Romans had treaties with the Phocaeans and Cumae, who were aiding the Roman struggle against the Etruscans at that time. Carthage had similar treaties with Etruscan, Punic and Greek cities in Sicily. By the end of the 6th Century BC, Carthage had conquered most of the old Phoenician colonies e.g. Hadrumetum, Utica and Kerkouane, subjugated some of the Libyan tribes, and had taken control of parts of the North African coast from modern Morocc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanno II Of Persia
Hanno the Navigator (sometimes "Hannon"; xpu, 𐤇𐤍𐤀 , ; ) was a Carthaginian explorer of the fifth century BC, best known for his naval exploration of the western coast of Africa. The only source of his voyage is a ''periplus'' translated into Greek. He has sometimes been identified as a king. Historians have attempted to identify places on Hanno's route based on the ''periplus''. According to some modern analyses of his route, Hanno's expedition could have reached as far south as Gabon; however, according to others, it could not have taken him further than southern Morocco. Biography The name Hanno was given to many other Carthaginians. Ancient authors who discussed Hanno the Navigator did not provide direct information to identify him exactly. Some called him king, and others used the Latin words ''dux'' (leader or general) or ''imperator'' (commander or emperor).. The Greek translation of Hanno's ''periplus'' account names him a ''basileus'',. a term which may be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanno The Navigator
Hanno the Navigator (sometimes "Hannon"; xpu, 𐤇𐤍𐤀 , ; ) was a Carthaginian explorer of the fifth century BC, best known for his naval exploration of the western coast of Africa. The only source of his voyage is a ''periplus'' translated into Greek. He has sometimes been identified as a king. Historians have attempted to identify places on Hanno's route based on the ''periplus''. According to some modern analyses of his route, Hanno's expedition could have reached as far south as Gabon; however, according to others, it could not have taken him further than southern Morocco. Biography The name Hanno was given to many other Carthaginians. Ancient authors who discussed Hanno the Navigator did not provide direct information to identify him exactly. Some called him king, and others used the Latin words ''dux'' (leader or general) or '' imperator'' (commander or emperor).. The Greek translation of Hanno's ''periplus'' account names him a '' basileus'',. a term which may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hannibal I Of Carthage
__NOTOC__ Hannibal Mago ( xpu, 𐤇𐤍𐤁𐤏𐤋 , ) was a grandson of Hamilcar Mago. He predates the more famous Carthaginian general Hannibal by about 200 years. Career He was shofet (judge) of Carthage in 410 BC and in 409 BC commanded a Carthaginian army sent to Sicily in response to a request from the city of Segesta. In the Battle of Selinus he successfully took the Greek city of Selinus and then Himera.Xenophon, ''Hellenica'' I.1.37 In the process of this conquest he was said to have killed some 3,000 prisoners of war, reportedly as revenge for the defeat his grandfather suffered in the Battle of Himera 70 years before. Death In 406 BC Hannibal Mago died in a plague that broke out during the siege of Agrigento. See also * Agrigentum inscription * Other Hannibals in Carthaginian history * Magonids References Citations Bibliography * . *Xenophon Xenophon of Athens (; grc, wikt:Ξενοφῶν, Ξενοφῶν ; – probably 355 or 354 BC) was a Greek milita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coup D'état
A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, military, or a dictator. Many scholars consider a coup successful when the usurpers seize and hold power for at least seven days. Etymology The term comes from French ''coup d'État'', literally meaning a 'stroke of state' or 'blow of state'. In French, the word ''État'' () is capitalized when it denotes a sovereign political entity. Although the concept of a coup d'état has featured in politics since antiquity, the phrase is of relatively recent coinage.Julius Caesar's civil war, 5 January 49 BC. It did not appear within an English text before the 19th century except when used in the translation of a French source, there being no simple phrase in English to convey the contextualized idea of a 'knockout blow to the existing administratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
