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Macrodelphinus
''Macrodelphinus'' is an extinct genus of primitive odontocete known from Late Oligocene (Chattian) marine deposits in California. Biology ''Macrodelphinus'' was an orca-sized odontocete similar to members of Eurhinodelphinidae in having a swordfish-like rostrum and upper jaw. Because of its size, and inch-long teeth, it is believed to have been an apex predator. Classification ''Macrodelphinus'' is known from a fragmentary skull from the Late Oligocene Jewett Sand Formation of Kern County, southern California. Although often classified as a member of Eurhinodelphinidae, the cladistic analysis of ''Chilcacetus'' recovers it outside Eurhinodelphinidae, less advanced than ''Eoplatanista''. The Miocene species ''"Champsodelphis" valenciennesii'' Brandt, 1873, based on a rostrum fragment from marine sediments in Landes, France, was assigned to ''Macrodelphinus'' by Kellogg (1944).R. Kellogg. 1944. Fossil Cetaceans from the Florida Tertiary. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilcacetus
''Chilcacetus'' is an extinct genus of primitive odontocete known from Early Miocene ( Aquitanian) of Peru. Fossils were found in and named after the Chilcatay Formation of the Pisco Basin. at .org Classification ''Chilcacetus'' is recovered along it with the putative eurhinodelphinids '' Argyrocetus'' and '''' in a clade basal to '' E ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurhinodelphis
''Eurhinodelphis'' ("well-nosed dolphin") is an extinct genus of Miocene cetacean. Its fossils have been found in Belgium, France, and Maryland. Species Currently-valid species are: * ''E. cocheuteuxi'' * ''E. longirostris'' Former species include: * ''E. bossi'', now a species of ''Xiphiacetus''. Description ''Eurhinodelphis'' was around in length. In most respects, it would have looked like a modern dolphin or porpoise, but its upper jaw was elongated into a sharp tip similar to that of a swordfish. Most likely, ''Eurhinodelphis'' used it in a similar manner to swordfish, hitting or stabbing prey. It also had long, sharp teeth. Compared with earlier fossil species, ''Eurhinodelphis'' had complex ears, suggesting that it already hunted by echolocation like modern whales. Its brain was also asymmetrical, a trait found in modern dolphins, and possibly associated with the complexities of navigating its environment. History ''Eurhinodelphis'' was first described by B. Du Bus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurhinodelphinidae
Eurhinodelphinidae is an extinct Family (biology), family of toothed whales which lived from the Oligocene to the Miocene. Members of the family possessed an elongated jaw similar in appearance to a swordfish. Taxonomy *Family Eurhinodelphinidae **''Ceterhinops'' **''Eurhinodelphis'' **''Iniopsis'' **''Mycteriacetus'' ** ''Phocaenopsis'' **''Schizodelphis'' **''Vanbreenia'' **''Xiphiacetus'' **''Ziphiodelphis'' References Prehistoric toothed whales Prehistoric mammal families {{paleo-whale-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewett Sand Formation
The Jewett Sand Formation is a geologic formation in California, USA. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene Epoch of the Neogene period. Vertebrates Cartilaginous fishes Sharks 200px, Fossil teeth of ''C. hastalis'' *''† Alopias exigua''F. M. Anderson. 1911. The Neocene deposits of Kern River, California, and the Temblor Basin. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 3:73-148 *''† Alopias latidens'' *''Alopias vulpinus *''† Carcharocles angustidens *''†Carcharodon hastalis *''Carcharhinus sp. *''Cephaloscyllium sp. *''Cetorhinus sp. *'' Echinorhinus blakei *''† Galeocerdo medius *''† Galeorhinus latus *'' Heterodontus sp.'' *''Hexanchus sp.'' *''†Megachasma applegatei'' K. Shimada, B. J. Welton, and D. J. Long. 2014. A new fossil megamouth shark (Lamniformes, Megachasmidae) from the Oligocene-Miocene of the western United States. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34(2):281-290 *''†Megalolamna paradoxodon'' *''† Negaprion elongata *''Od ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odontocete
The toothed whales (also called odontocetes, systematic name Odontoceti) are a parvorder of cetaceans that includes dolphins, porpoises, and all other whales possessing teeth, such as the beaked whales and sperm whales. Seventy-three species of toothed whales are described. They are one of two living groups of cetaceans, the other being the baleen whales (Mysticeti), which have baleen instead of teeth. The two groups are thought to have diverged around 34 million years ago (mya). Toothed whales range in size from the and vaquita to the and sperm whale. Several species of odontocetes exhibit sexual dimorphism, in that there are size or other morphological differences between females and males. They have streamlined bodies and two limbs that are modified into flippers. Some can travel at up to 20 knots. Odontocetes have conical teeth designed for catching fish or squid. They have well-developed hearing, that is well adapted for both air and water, so much so that some can surviv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain. The name Oligocene was coined in 1854 by the German paleontologist Heinrich Ernst Beyrich from his studies of marine beds in Belgium and Germany. The name comes from the Ancient Greek (''olígos'', "few") and (''kainós'', "new"), and refers to the sparsity of extant forms of molluscs. The Oligocene is preceded by the Eocene Epoch and is followed by the Miocene Epoch. The Oligocene is the third and final epoch of the Paleogene Period. The Oligocene is often considered an important time of transition, a link between the archaic world of the tropical Eocene and the more modern ecosystems of the Miocene. Major changes during the Oligocene included a global expansion o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chattian
The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage of the Miocene). Stratigraphic definition The Chattian was introduced by Austrian palaeontologist Theodor Fuchs in 1894. Fuchs named the stage after the Chatti, a Germanic tribe.Berry, Edward W"The Mayence Basin, a Chapter of Geologic History" ''The Scientific Monthly'', Vol. 16, No. 2, February 1923. pp. 114. Retrieved March 18, 2020. The original type locality was near the German city of Kassel. The base of the Chattian is at the extinction of the foram genus ''Chiloguembelina'' (which is also the base of foram biozone P21b). An official GSSP for the Chattian Stage was ratified in October of 2016. The top of the Chattian Stage (which is the base of the Aquitanian Stage, Miocene Series and Neogene System) is at the first appearance o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orca
The orca or killer whale (''Orcinus orca'') is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member. It is the only Extant taxon, extant species in the genus ''Orcinus'' and is recognizable by its black-and-white patterned body. A cosmopolitan species, orcas can be found in all of the world's oceans in a variety of marine environments, from Arctic Ocean, Arctic and Southern Ocean, Antarctic regions to tropical seas. Orcas have a diverse diet, although individual populations often specialize in particular types of prey. Some feed exclusively on fish, while others hunt marine mammals such as Pinniped, seals and other species of dolphin. They have been known to attack baleen whale calves, and even adult whales. Orcas are apex predators, as they have no natural predators. They are highly Social animal, social; some populations are composed of very stable matrilineal family groups (pods) which are the most stable of any animal species. Their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apex Predator
An apex predator, also known as a top predator, is a predator at the top of a food chain, without natural predators of its own. Apex predators are usually defined in terms of trophic dynamics, meaning that they occupy the highest trophic levels. Food chains are often far shorter on land, usually limited to being secondary consumers – for example, wolves prey mostly upon large herbivores (primary consumers), which eat plants (primary producers). The apex predator concept is applied in wildlife management, conservation, and ecotourism. Apex predators have a long evolutionary history, dating at least to the Cambrian period when animals such as ''Anomalocaris'' dominated the seas. Humans have for many centuries interacted with apex predators including the wolf, birds of prey, and cormorants to hunt game animals, birds, and fish respectively. More recently, humans have started interacting with apex predators in new ways. These include interactions via ecotourism, such as with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kern County
Kern County is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 909,235. Its county seat is Bakersfield. Kern County comprises the Bakersfield, California, Metropolitan statistical area. The county spans the southern end of the Central Valley. Covering , it ranges west to the southern slope of the Coast Ranges, and east beyond the southern slope of the eastern Sierra Nevada into the Mojave Desert, at the city of Ridgecrest. Its northernmost city is Delano, and its southern reach extends to just beyond Frazier Park, California, Frazier Park, and the northern extremity of the parallel Antelope Valley. The county's economy is heavily linked to agriculture and to petroleum extraction. There is also a strong aviation, space, and military presence, such as Edwards Air Force Base, the Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station, and the Mojave Air and Space Port. With a population that is 54.9% Hispanic as of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene Mammals Of North America
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ... Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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