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M6 Motorway (Sydney)
The M6 Motorway is an under-construction motorway consisting of twin, 4-kilometre long tunnels linking the M8 Motorway (Sydney), M8 Motorway at Arncliffe, New South Wales, Arncliffe to President Avenue at Kogarah, New South Wales, Kogarah. Stage 1 started major construction in November 2021 and is expected to open by late 2025. The possibility of future extensions to the south will be accommodated by providing stub tunnels in the project. The project will include new shared cycle and pedestrian pathways, as well as a new pedestrian bridge across President Avenue. There will also be an upgrade of the Princes Highway and President Avenue intersection. As part of the motorway, a motorway control centre and tunnel ventilation facilities will be built. In June 2022, the NSW Government announced that some proposed major infrastructure projects including Stage 2 of the M6 Motorway, the Western Harbour Tunnel & Beaches Link, Beaches Link and the Great Western Highway Blackheath to Li ...
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M8 Motorway (Sydney)
The M8 Motorway is a motorway in Sydney, Australia. The first and only stage of the M8 open to traffic is the WestConnex M8, previously known as the New M5 during planning and construction. The WestConnex M8 is a tolled motorway that links the M5 Motorway at to St Peters Interchange. It consists predominantly of tunnels, and includes tunnel connections to the future M4–M5 Link (the second stage of M8) and the future M6 Motorway. Planned and constructed as part of the WestConnex project, WestConnex tolls are applied to the motorway. It is one of the longest road tunnels in Australia along with the NorthConnex. Construction of the M8 motorway began in July 2016 and the WestConnex M8 stage opened on 5 July 2020 at an estimated project cost of 4.335 billion. The M8 motorway is being extended to which will be completed in 2023. Future stages of the M8 will also open after 2026 to connect with the A8 in the Northern Beaches, via the Western Harbour Tunnel & Beaches Link. ...
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Geotechnical
Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics for the solution of its respective engineering problems. It also relies on knowledge of geology, hydrology, geophysics, and other related sciences. Geotechnical (rock) engineering is a subdiscipline of geological engineering. In addition to civil engineering, geotechnical engineering also has applications in military, mining, petroleum, coastal engineering, and offshore construction. The fields of geotechnical engineering and engineering geology have knowledge areas that overlap, however, while geotechnical engineering is a specialty of civil engineering, engineering geology is a specialty of geology: They share the same principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics, but differ in the application. History Humans have historically used soil as a material for flood control, irrigation purposes, buria ...
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Toll Tunnels In Australia
Toll may refer to: Transportation * Toll (fee) a fee charged for the use of a road or waterway ** Road pricing, the modern practice of charging for road use ** Road toll (historic), the historic practice of charging for road use ** Shadow toll, payments made by government to the private sector operator of a road based on the number of vehicles using the road * Road toll (Australia and New Zealand), term for road death toll, i.e., the number of deaths caused annually by road accidents Brands and enterprises * Toll Brothers, Horsham Township, Pennsylvania based construction company founded by brothers Robert I. Toll and Bruce E. Toll * Toll Collect, a transportation support company in Germany * Toll Group, an Australian transportation company ** Toll Domestic Forwarding, an Australian freight forwarder ** Toll Ipec, Australian transportation company ** Toll Resources & Government Logistics Science * Toll (gene), encode members of the Toll-like receptor class of proteins * Toll ...
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Toll Roads In Australia
Australian toll roads are found in the eastern states of New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland. Most of the toll roads are within the urban limits of Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, with the exception of Toowoomba Bypass in Toowoomba, Queensland. Most of the toll roads are partially owned or operated by Transurban. All toll roads in Australia are tolled electronically (cashless) using free-flow tolling. All toll collection points are toll gantries, with the last cash toll booths in the country closed in July 2013 on the M5 South West Motorway. Tolls are collected from an e-TAG transponder attached to the vehicle's windscreen. The first e-TAG was developed in the 1990s by Transurban who owns and operates the CityLink in Melbourne in preparation for what would be one of the world's first 'fully electronic' tollways. There are different e-TAG retailers across the country, such as Transurban's Linkt or Transport for NSW's e-Toll. According to Professor Mark Hickman, the ch ...
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Highways In Sydney
A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It is used for major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks. In some areas of the United States, it is used as an equivalent term to controlled-access highway, or a translation for ''autobahn'', '' autoroute'', etc. According to Merriam Webster, the use of the term predates the 12th century. According to Etymonline, "high" is in the sense of "main". In North American and Australian English, major roads such as controlled-access highways or arterial roads are often state highways (Canada: provincial highways). Other roads may be designated "county highways" in the US and Ontario. These classifications refer to the level of government (state, provincial, county) that maintains the roadway. In British English, "highway" is primarily a legal term. Everyday use normally implies roads, while the legal use covers any route or path with a public right of access, including footpaths etc. The ...
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UGL Limited
UGL, formerly known as United Group, is an engineering company. The company provides construction, maintenance, and asset management services to the rail, resources, and infrastructure sectors, and corporate real estate, facilities management, and business process outsourcing services to property users. Its clients are large companies, governments and institutions in Australia, New Zealand, Asia. It was purchased by the CIMIC Group in December 2016. History UGL was founded as an engineering construction firm in Perth, Western Australia in 1970 by Charlie Bontempo, Sam Castelli, John Rubino & John Trettel. In 1988, it was re-branded as the United Construction Group. UGL has acquired a number of businesses, including engineering, construction, and facilities management business Kilpatrick Green in 1998, rail company Goninan in 1999, corporate real estate business KFPW in 2002, Thames Water Projects Asia in 2004, Singaporean real estate services company Premas International (UGL P ...
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CIMIC Group
CIMIC Group Limited (formerly Leighton Holdings) is an Australian construction contractor. It is active in the telecommunications, engineering and infrastructure, building and property, mining and resources, and environmental services industries. It has operations in Australia, Southeast Asia, New Zealand and the Middle East. Formerly listed on the Australian Securities Exchange, it is a subsidiary of Hochtief. CIMIC stands for Construction, Infrastructure, Mining and Concessions. History Founded in 1949 by Stanley Leighton, Leighton Holdings was first listed on the Melbourne Stock Exchange in 1962. The company formed Leighton Asia, based in Hong Kong, in 1975. In July 1983 Leighton Holdings, purchased Thiess Contractors, with its major shareholder, Hochtief, becoming a shareholder in Leighton Holdings. In April 1997 the Welded Mesh structural materials division was sold to Smorgon Steel. In 2000, Leighton Holdings bought a 70% stake in John Holland; this was increased t ...
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Brighton-Le-Sands, New South Wales
Brighton Le Sands (formerly Brighton-le-Sands and also known simply as Brighton or Brighton Beach), is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Brighton Le Sands is located 13 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, on the western shore of Botany Bay. Brighton Le Sands is in the local government area of the Bayside Council and is part of the St George area. Lady Robinsons Beach and Cook Park run along the eastern border of Brighton Le Sands, on Botany Bay. The beach is also commonly referred to as Brighton Beach and is known for its off-white sand. Brighton Le Sands features a mixture of low density houses, medium density flats, high rise apartments, retail, cafés and restaurants. The Grand Parade runs along the foreshore and intersects with Bay Street, at the commercial centre. The higher density developments are located along these roads. History The area between the Cooks River and Georges River was originally known as Seve ...
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Rockdale, New South Wales
Rockdale is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Rockdale is located 13 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the St George area. Rockdale is one of the administrative centres for the local government area of the Bayside Council. Since 1985 Rockdale has been a twinned city with Bitola, in the Republic of Macedonia. History Rockdale was known by Europeans as Frog Hollow, then White Gum Flat and later as West Botany. The name ''Rockdale'' was suggested in 1878 by the first postmistress, Mrs Mary Ann Geeves. The name for the district gained more credence when the local railway station on the new Illawarra rail line, opened on 15 October 1884, was also given the name Rockdale.''A Century of Progress: Rockdale 1871-1971'' compiled by Rockdale Municipal Council, produced by Paul Horne and printed by Posters Pty, Ltd, Lane Cove The West Botany Municipality, declared on 13 January 1871 with two wards, West Botany and ...
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Loftus, New South Wales
Loftus is a suburb, in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Loftus is 29 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, in the Local government in Australia, local government area of the Sutherland Shire. History Loftus was named after Lord Augustus Loftus, Lord Augustus William Frederick Spencer Loftus, governor of New South Wales between 1878 and 1885. The Illawarra railway line to Sutherland was completed in 1885. The next station south was Loftus Junction, which opened on 9 March 1886. The name was changed to Loftus ten years later and in 1979 the station moved to the present site. The Sydney Tramway Museum at Loftus (a non-profit community organisation run entirely by volunteers) was created in 1950, in a large tram yard shed beside the rail tracks that ran across the Princes Highway into the Royal National Park. During the latter years of World War II this had been an army camp site, with the national park used as a training ground. The p ...
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Illawarra Railway Line
The South Coast Railway (also known as the Illawarra Railway) is a commuter and goods railway line from Sydney to Wollongong and Bomaderry in New South Wales, Australia. Beginning at the Illawarra Junction, the line services the Illawarra and South Coast regions of New South Wales. Opening in segments between 1884 and 1893, the South Coast railway line was built primarily to service the Coal Cliff Colliery, in which colonial government ministers and legislators were shareholders and as an economic link between the Illawarra and Sydney. It later connected the later industrial works at Port Kembla to the greater metropolitan freight railway network in Sydney. The line also serves as a public transport link for residents in St George, Sutherland and the Illawarra. The 56-station, 153-kilometre line is owned by the NSW government's Transport Asset Holding Entity, with passenger services on the line provided by Sydney Trains' Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line service in suburban S ...
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Government Of New South Wales
The Government of New South Wales, also known as the NSW Government, is the Australian state democratic administrative authority of New South Wales. It is currently held by a coalition of the Liberal Party and the National Party. The Government of New South Wales, a parliamentary constitutional monarchy, was formed in 1856 as prescribed in its Constitution, as amended from time to time. Since the Federation of Australia in 1901, New South Wales has been a state of the Commonwealth of Australia, and the Constitution of Australia regulates its relationship with the Commonwealth. Under the Australian Constitution, New South Wales, as with all states, ceded legislative and judicial supremacy to the Commonwealth, but retained powers in all matters not in conflict with the Commonwealth. Executive and judicial powers New South Wales is governed according to the principles of the Westminster system, a form of parliamentary government based on the model of the United Kingdom. Legisl ...
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