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Lower Nihotupu Reservoir
The Lower Nihotupu Reservoir (or Lower Nihotupu Dam) is one of five reservoirs in the Waitākere Ranges that supply water to Auckland. Built between 1945 and 1948,''Engineering to 1990'' — IPENZ, Engineering Publications Co Ltd, Page 8-9 the reservoir covers an area of 52.9 hectares and has a capacity of 4.6 million cubic metres. The reservoir is managed by Watercare Services, a council-owned company. History The dam is located at Paruroa, near the site of the military base of the Te Taoū hapū of Ngāti Whātua, who were warring with Te Waiohua, the dominant force in Tāmaki Makaurau in the early 18th century. Years of conflict culminated in the early 1740s, when Kiwi Tāmaki, the ariki of Waiohua, was defeated at Paruroa, leading to Ngāti Whātua becoming the main political force on Tāmaki Makaurau. Te-Rangi-hinganga-tahi, the final battle between the two forces, took place around the reservoir and Parau to the south. Earlier projects such as the Upper Nihotupu Reservoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auckland
Auckland (pronounced ) ( mi, Tāmaki Makaurau) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. The List of New Zealand urban areas by population, most populous urban area in the country and the List of cities in Oceania by population, fifth largest city in Oceania, Auckland has an urban population of about It is located in the greater Auckland Region—the area governed by Auckland Council—which includes outlying rural areas and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf, and which has a total population of . While European New Zealanders, Europeans continue to make up the plurality of Auckland's population, the city became multicultural and Cosmopolitanism, cosmopolitan in the late-20th century, with Asian New Zealanders, Asians accounting for 31% of the city's population in 2018. Auckland has the fourth largest Foreign born, foreign-born population in the world, with 39% of its residents born overseas. With its large population of Pasifika New Zealanders, the city is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auckland War Memorial Museum
The Auckland War Memorial Museum Tāmaki Paenga Hira (or simply the Auckland Museum) is one of New Zealand's most important museums and war memorials. Its collections concentrate on New Zealand history (and especially the history of the Auckland Region), natural history, and military history. The present museum building was constructed in the 1920s in the neo-classicist style, and sits on a grassed plinth (the remains of a dormant volcano) in the Auckland Domain, a large public park close to the Auckland CBD. Auckland Museum's collections and exhibits began in 1852. In 1867 Aucklanders formed a learned society – the Auckland Philosophical Society, later the Auckland Institute. Within a few years the society merged with the museum and '' Auckland Institute and Museum'' was the organisation's name until 1996. Auckland War Memorial Museum was the name of the new building opened in 1929, but since 1996 was more commonly used for the institution as well. From 1991 to 2003 the muse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reservoirs In New Zealand
Many of the largest dams and reservoirs in New Zealand have been developed principally to produce hydroelectricity. Other uses include irrigation and municipal water supply. Hydro-electric dams The main river systems comprising a series of dams and powerhouses are situated on the following rivers: :The Waikato River :The Waitaki River :The Clutha River Other schemes are standalone developments associated with specific sites. Tongariro Power Scheme The Tongariro Power Scheme (1,400 GWh) diverts water from the south side of Mount Ruapehu and the west and north sides of Tongariro into Lake Taupō, and thus eventually into the Waikato River. *Rangipo (cavern) (120 MW) *Tokaanu (240 MW) * Moawhango Dam The Waikato The hydro stations, starting from Lake Taupō, are (capacity in MW and nominal annual energy output in GWh): * Aratiatia (84 MW) (331 GWh) * Ohakuri (112 MW) (400 GWh) * Atiamuri (84 MW) (305 GWh) *Whakamaru (100 MW) (486 GWh) *Maraetai (360 MW) (855 GWh) * Waipapa (51 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waitākere Ranges Local Board Area , a district of Auckland Council
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Waitākere is a locality name in West Auckland, New Zealand. It most commonly refers to: * Waitākere, Auckland, a rural town north-west of Auckland *Waitakere City, a former territorial authority which existed from 1989 to 2010 *Waitākere Ranges, a mountain range in West Auckland Waitākere may also refer to: *Waitakere City FC, a football club * Waitākere College, a school in Henderson, New Zealand *Waitakere (New Zealand electorate), a former parliamentary electorate * Waitakere railway station in Waitākere town * Waitākere Reservoir in the Waitākere Ranges *Waitākere River in the Waitākere Ranges * Waitākere volcano, a former volcano in the Miocene era *Waitākere ward Waitākere Ward is a district of Auckland Council in New Zealand. It consists of the part of the old Waitakere City lying west of a line from Te Atatū Peninsula to Titirangi. The ward elects two councillors, currently Shane Henderson and Ken T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In The Auckland Region
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artistic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Auckland Faculty Of Engineering
The University of Auckland Faculty of Engineering is one of eight faculties that make up the University of Auckland. Located on Symonds Street, Auckland, it has been consistently rated as the best Engineering School in New Zealand for quality of research. Facilities The faculty itself is based at the University of Auckland city campus, with many research groups based at the Newmarket Campus, including the Center for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), and the Yacht Research Unit (YRU). The Faculty has been undergoing recent renovation at its city Campus, including a modern atrium area with café, updated library, four new computer labs, two new large lecture theaters, and updates to equipment and seating in many smaller lecture rooms. New Zealand's only environmental scanning electron microscope was acquired by the Research Center for Surface Materials Science (RCSMS) in 2005. History The faculty was made famous for its role in Team New Zealand's America's Cup victory i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soil Mechanics
Soil mechanics is a branch of soil physics and applied mechanics that describes the behavior of soils. It differs from fluid mechanics and solid mechanics in the sense that soils consist of a heterogeneous mixture of fluids (usually air and water) and particles (usually clay, silt, sand, and gravel) but soil may also contain organic solids and other matter.Mitchell, J.K., and Soga, K. (2005) Fundamentals of soil behavior, Third edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., .Powrie, W., Spon Press, 2004, ''Soil Mechanics – 2nd ed'' A Guide to Soil Mechanics, Bolton, Malcolm, Macmillan Press, 1979. Along with rock mechanics, soil mechanics provides the theoretical basis for analysis in geotechnical engineering, a subdiscipline of civil engineering, and engineering geology, a subdiscipline of geology. Soil mechanics is used to analyze the deformations of and flow of fluids within natural and man-made structures that are supported on or made of soil, or structures that are buried in soils.L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Armed Forces
The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States. The armed forces consists of six service branches: the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and Coast Guard. The president of the United States is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and forms military policy with the Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS), both federal executive departments, acting as the principal organs by which military policy is carried out. All six armed services are among the eight uniformed services of the United States. From their inception during the American Revolutionary War, the U.S. Armed Forces have played a decisive role in the history of the United States. They helped forge a sense of national unity and identity through victories in the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War. They played a critical role in the American Civil War, keeping the Confederacy from seceding from the republic and preserving the uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waitākere Reservoir
Waitākere Reservoir is a reservoir on the Waitakere River in the Waitākere Ranges, west of Auckland in New Zealand. The dam was completed in 1910 and is a concrete gravity dam with a slight curvature. It has a lake area of 25.1 hectares and a capacity of 1.76 million cubic metres. The dam is accessible from the Montana Heritage Trail, a bush hike in the region. History By the late 19th century, Auckland City was plagued with seasonal water droughts. A number of options were considered to counter this, including the construction of water reservoirs in the Waitākere Ranges. The Waitākere Dam was first of a number of dams in the ranges to counteract this issue. In 1905, a decision was made to dam the Waitākere River at the location of the Waitākere Falls, then a popular tourist site. The township of Swanson was a major source of labour for the project. A tramway was constructed between the Waitākere Falls site and the township, in order to transport supplied from the Swans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Nihotupu Reservoir
The Upper Nihotupu Reservoir (or Upper Nihotupu Dam) is one of five reservoirs in the Waitākere Ranges that supply water to Auckland, New Zealand. Completed in 1923, the concrete gravity dam and its reservoir are managed by Watercare Services, a council-owned company. Construction After the 1898 droughts, an alternative to the Western Springs pumping station was investigated, with the Waitākere Ranges considered the best option for Auckland. In 1902, wooden dams were placed at Nihotupu and neighbouring Quinns Creek, which were demolished by 1914. The dam was tendered in 1915, and a contract awarded to Gisborne firm Langlands and Company. During the construction of the tramline between the construction side and the wharf at Big Muddy Creek, a freak accident occurred during blasting, when a rock flew 100m into the site office, killing contractor William Langlands. Construction was slow, due to the high rainfall and flooding in the area, and the lack of labour and resources d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parau
Parau is a locality of West Auckland in the Auckland Region. It is under the local governance of the Waitākere Ranges Local Board within the Auckland Council. It is a coastal community close to Titirangi village. Parau is made up of Huia Road, one other looping street called Rauhuia Crescent and two cul de sacs, Staley Road and Shirley Road. It also consists of a safe clean beach called Armour Bay where locals can partake in tennis, and swimming in the Manukau Harbour which laps the beach. Geography The Parau area is dominated by pōhutukawa/ rata sheltered coastal fringe forest. Higher elevation areas of the peninsula and mainlands are predominantly a warm lowlands pūriri forest. History Parau is close to the site of the 1740s battle between Te Taoū hapū of Ngāti Whātua and Kiwi Tāmaki of Waiohua (now underneath the Lower Nihotupu Reservoir). During the mid-19th century, the area was deforested for kauri timber, and later formed by Duff and Marshall Laing, sons of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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