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Los Queules National Reserve
Los Queules National Reserve is a national reserve of Chile. It covers an area of 1.47 km2 in the Chilean Coastal Range. The reserve ranges from 400 to 500 meters in elevation.Hinojosa, L. F., Armesto, J. J., & Villagrán, C. (2006). Are Chilean Coastal Forests Pre-Pleistocene Relicts? Evidence from Foliar Physiognomy, Palaeoclimate, and Phytogeography. Journal of Biogeography, 33(2), 331–341. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3554890>} The reserve contains one of the larger remaining patches of Maulino forest, a distinctive forest community at the transition between Mediterranean climate central Chile and the cool and humid Valdivian temperate forests further south. The reserve is named after the queule tree (''Gomortega keule''), a species native to the Maulino forest. Other characteristic Maulino forest species present in the reserve include ''Pitavia punctata, Nothofagus alessandrii'', and ''Nothofagus glauca''. Outside the reserve the Maulino forests have been mostly extirpated an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lapageria
''Lapageria'' is a genus of flowering plants with only one known species, ''Lapageria rosea'', commonly known as Chilean bellflower or copihue (''copeewueh'', from Mapudungun ''kopiwe''). ''Lapageria rosea'' is the national flower of Chile. It grows in forests in the southern part of Chile, being part of the Valdivian temperate rain forests flora. Description ''Lapageria rosea'' is an evergreen climbing plant reaching over high among shrubs and trees. The leaves are arranged alternately and are evergreen, leathery, lanceolate and feature three to seven prominent parallel veins. The vines twine counterclockwise in the Southern hemisphere and clockwise when grown in the Northern hemisphere (likely due to the apparent motion of the sun). The flowers have six thick, waxy tepals which are red, spotted with white. They are most frequently produced in late summer and fall, although they may be produced at other times. The fruit is an elongated berry with a tough skin containing num ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maule Region
The Maule Region ( es, Región del Maule, ) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Talca. The region derives its name from the Maule River which, running westward from the Andes, bisects the region and spans a basin of about 20,600 km2. The Maule river is of considerable historic interest because, among other reasons, it marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire. Geography and ecology The region covers an area of and is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean; on the east by the Argentina; on the north by the O'Higgins Region, and on the south by the Ñuble Region. There are a number of flora and fauna species present in Maule. For example, the endangered Chilean Wine Palm (''Jubaea chilensis'') is found in a very limited distribution that includes the Maule Region. The limited distribution ''Nothofagus alessandri'' is also found in the region. Demography According to the 2017 census, the population of the region was 1,033,197. Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cauquenes
Cauquenes, a city and commune in Chile, is the capital of the Cauquenes Province and is located in the Maule Region. History According to the historical records of Alonso de Ercilla, Cauquenes was originally inhabited by an indigenous community of the Promaucaes, known as the ''Cauqui'' by the Inca or ''cauquenes''Juan Ignacio Molina, Compendio de la historia civil del reyno de Chile, pg. 9. by the Spanish and that gave their name to Cauquenes River. They lived to the south of the Maule River and north of the Itata River and owned a settlement in the place where the city lies today. The city of Cauquenes was founded on May 9, 1742, de "Villa of Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes de José de Manso del Tutuvén", in the land located between the rivers Tutuvén and Cauquenes, that the Promaucae ''cacique'' (chieftain) Ascensio Galdámez and his wife Micaela de Araya donated to the Kingdom of Spain. Cauquenes' founder was the then Governor of the Kingdom of Chile, José Antonio Manso de V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Forest Corporation (Chile)
The National Forest Corporation or CONAF (Corporación Nacional Forestal) is a Chilean private, non-profit organization, through which the Chilean state contributes to the development and sustainable management of the country's forest resources. CONAF is overseen and funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of Chile. It administers the forest policies of Chile and promotes the development of the sector with sustainable forest management. CONAF is also the governing body of all the national parks of Chile, including those without forests or major vegetation, such as Llullaillaco National Park and others in the Atacama Desert. History CONAF was created on May 13, 1970 as the "Reforestation Corporation" or COREF (Corporación de Reforestación'). In 1972 it acquired its current powers, structure and name. In 1976 it adopted Forestín, a coypu, as its mascot. In 1984, under Chilean law Nº 18,348, a move was made to modify the private corporation status of CONAF and make it a gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Chile covers an area of , with a population of 17.5 million as of 2017. It shares land borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the north-east, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chile also controls the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. It also claims about of Antarctica under the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The country's capital and largest city is Santiago, and its national language is Spanish. Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule, but failing to conquer the independent Mapuche who inhabited what is now south-central Chile. In 1818, after declaring in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilean Coastal Range
The Chilean Coastal Range ( es, Cordillera de la Costa) is a mountain range that runs from north to south along the Pacific coast of South America parallel to the Andean Mountains, extending from Morro de Arica in the north to Taitao Peninsula, where it ends at the Chile Triple Junction, in the south. The range has a strong influence on the climate of Chile since it produces a rain shadow to the east. Because of this the vegetation growing on the seaward slopes is much more exuberant than in the interior. Compared to the coastal lowlands and the Intermediate Depression, it is sparsely populated with land use varying from protected areas to grazing and silviculture. The range is present in all Chilean regions, except for Coquimbo Region and Magallanes Region. Geography Like the Andes, the coastal range becomes progressively lower with increasing latitude. The range begins at Morro de Arica in the north and reaches its highest point, of 3114 m, in Sierra Vicuña Mackenna in the Ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maulino Forest
Maulino forest ( es, Bosque Maulino) is a forest type naturally growing in the Chilean Coast Range of Central Chile from latitude 35°55 to 36°20 S. The chief tree species is ''Nothofagus glauca''. Other tree species include '' Nothofagus leonii'', ''Nothofagus alessandri'' and ''Gomortega keule''. The forest grows at a transition zone between Mediterranean climate to humid temperate climate. Precipitations vary from 1000 to 700 mm/a and are concentrated in winter. According to geographers Humberto Fuenzalida and Edmundo Pisano the forest is one of mesophytes on the transition zone of temperate rain forests. José San Martín and Claudio Donoso identify three forest subtypes: *''Nothofagus glauca'' forests *''Nothofagus antarctica'' forests *''Nothofagus alessandri'' forest Maulino forest stand out for its high degree of endemism. Fragmentation and degradation Large swathes of former Maulino forest were cleared for agriculture. This led to significant soil erosion before the area ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediterranean Climate
A Mediterranean climate (also called a dry summer temperate climate ''Cs'') is a temperate climate sub-type, generally characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, fairly wet winters; these weather conditions are typically experienced in the majority of Mediterranean-climate regions and countries, but remain highly dependent on proximity to the ocean, altitude and geographical location. This climate type's name is in reference to the coastal regions of the Mediterranean Sea within the Mediterranean Basin, where this climate type is most prevalent. The "original" Mediterranean zone is a massive area, its western region beginning with the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe and coastal regions of northern Morocco, extending eastwards across southern Europe, the Balkans, and coastal Northern Africa, before reaching a dead-end at the Levant region's coastline. Mediterranean climate zones are typically located along the western coasts of landmasses, between roughly 30 and 45 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valdivian Temperate Forests
The Valdivian temperate forests (NT0404) is an ecoregion on the west coast of southern South America, in Chile and Argentina. It is part of the Neotropical realm. The forests are named after the city of Valdivia. The Valdivian temperate rainforests are characterized by their dense understories of bamboos, ferns, and for being mostly dominated by evergreen angiosperm trees with some deciduous specimens, though conifer trees are also common. Setting Temperate rain forests comprise a relatively narrow coastal strip between the Pacific Ocean to the west, and the southern Andes Mountains to the east, from roughly 37° to 48° south latitude. North of 42°, the Chilean coastal range runs along the coast, and the north–south running Chilean Central Valley lies between the coastal range and the Andes. South of 42°, the coast range continues as a chain of offshore islands, including Chiloé Island and the Chonos Archipelago, while the "Central Valley" is submerged and continues as the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gomortega Keule
''Gomortega keule'' (syn. ''G. nitida''; Spanish language, Spanish names ''keule'', ''queule'', and ''hualhual'') is a tree native to Chile. It is the sole species of the genus ''Gomortega'' and, according to the APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged from the APG systems of APG III system, 2009, APG II system, 2003 and APG system, 1998), of the monotypic family Gomortegaceae, assigned to the order Laurales in the clade magnoliids. Description Evergreen trees, aromatic, gray bark with shallow longitudinal fissures. The leaves are petiolate, simple, entire, obovate to lanceolate, coriaceous. The stems have unilacunar nodes and with two foliar traces. The branches are quadrangular. The edible fruit is a uni or locule, trilocular yellow drupe, usually with 1 (-2) seeds, fleshy mesocarp, pleasant, stony endocarp. There are 1-2 seeds per fruit, with abundant, oily endosperm, large embryo, dicotyledonous. The chromosome number is n = 21, 2n = 42. Distribution ''Gomortega keule'' grows o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitavia Punctata
''Pitavia punctata'' is a species of tree endemic to Chile in the family Rutaceae. It is endemic to Chile; an example habitat being the Chilean matorral.C. Michael Hogan & World Wildlife Fund. 2013 It is threatened by habitat loss. Distinctive common names: Pitao, Pitran. It is found from Maule to Malleco (35 to 38°S) . Description It is an evergreen small tree or shrub that measures up to tall and in diameter, roundish and leafy crown, straight trunk, its branches are inserted in an ascending way. The bark is brownish-grey and soft texture and with roughnesses when adult. The leaves are simple and covered with visible dots against the light, very aromatic (citrus odor), they are arranged in whorls of three or in some cases they are opposite, leathery texture. Oblong and lanceolate-oblong shaped, apex slightly apiculate, attenuate base, petiole about 3–4 mm. Slightly toothed edges and the midrib distinct underneath. The leaves are 6.5–13 cm wide and 2.5–4&n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nothofagus Alessandrii
''Nothofagus alessandrii'', the ruil, is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae, commonly known as the southern beeches. It is endemic to Chile, occurring chiefly in the Chilean matorral ecoregion. It is threatened by habitat loss. The species is protected within Los Ruiles National Reserve. Description This is a deciduous tree with a straight, gray trunk that can measure up to 30 metres tall. Its leaves are ovate, ovate-cordate or lanceolate in shape, with conspicuous primary veins and serrated edges. The greenish flowers are unisexual and inconspicuous. Range and habitat The ruil grows between 37º 05' and 37º 50' south latitude, in the Chilean Coast Range (Cordillera de la Costa) in Talca and Cauquenes provinces of Maule Region. The species' estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) is , and its area of occupancy (AOO) is . It is a characteristic tree of the Maulino forest plant community, which is transitional between the Mediterranean-climate Chilean matorral of Centra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
