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List Of Map Projections
This is a summary of map projections that have articles of their own on Wikipedia or that are otherwise notable Notability is the property of being worthy of notice, having fame, or being considered to be of a high degree of interest, significance, or distinction. It also refers to the capacity to be such. Persons who are notable due to public responsibi .... Because there is no limit to the number of possible map projections, there can be no comprehensive list. Table of projections *The first known popularizer/user and not necessarily the creator. Key Type of projection ; Cylindrical: In standard presentation, these map regularly-spaced meridians to equally spaced vertical lines, and parallels to horizontal lines. ; Pseudocylindrical: In standard presentation, these map the central meridian and parallels as straight lines. Other meridians are curves (or possibly straight from pole to equator), regularly spaced along parallels. ; Conic: In standard presentation, conic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Map Projection
In cartography, map projection is the term used to describe a broad set of transformations employed to represent the two-dimensional curved surface of a globe on a plane. In a map projection, coordinates, often expressed as latitude and longitude, of locations from the surface of the globe are transformed to coordinates on a plane. Projection is a necessary step in creating a two-dimensional map and is one of the essential elements of cartography. All projections of a sphere on a plane necessarily distort the surface in some way and to some extent. Depending on the purpose of the map, some distortions are acceptable and others are not; therefore, different map projections exist in order to preserve some properties of the sphere-like body at the expense of other properties. The study of map projections is primarily about the characterization of their distortions. There is no limit to the number of possible map projections. More generally, projections are considered in several fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ellipsoidal Transverse Mercator Projection SW
An ellipsoid is a surface that may be obtained from a sphere by deforming it by means of directional scalings, or more generally, of an affine transformation. An ellipsoid is a quadric surface; that is, a surface that may be defined as the zero set of a polynomial of degree two in three variables. Among quadric surfaces, an ellipsoid is characterized by either of the two following properties. Every planar cross section is either an ellipse, or is empty, or is reduced to a single point (this explains the name, meaning "ellipse-like"). It is bounded, which means that it may be enclosed in a sufficiently large sphere. An ellipsoid has three pairwise perpendicular axes of symmetry which intersect at a center of symmetry, called the center of the ellipsoid. The line segments that are delimited on the axes of symmetry by the ellipsoid are called the ''principal axes'', or simply axes of the ellipsoid. If the three axes have different lengths, the figure is a triaxial ellipsoid (rare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lambert Cylindrical Equal-area Projection SW
Lambert may refer to People *Lambert (name), a given name and surname * Lambert, Bishop of Ostia (c. 1036–1130), became Pope Honorius II *Lambert, Margrave of Tuscany ( fl. 929–931), also count and duke of Lucca *Lambert (pianist), stage-name of German pianist and composer Paul Lambert Places United States *Lambert, Mississippi, a town *Lambert, Missouri, a village *St. Louis Lambert International Airport, St. Louis, Missouri *Lambert, Montana, a rural town in Montana *Lambert, Oklahoma, a town *Lambert Township, Red Lake County, Minnesota *Lambert Castle, a mansion in Paterson, New Jersey *Lambert Creek, San Mateo County, California Elsewhere * Lambert Gravitational Centre, the geographical centre of Australia * Lambert (lunar crater), named after Johann Heinrich Lambert *Lambert (Martian crater), named after Johann Heinrich Lambert Transportation *Lambert (automobile), a defunct American automobile brand *Lambert (cyclecar), British three-wheeled cyclecar *''Lambert'', one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lambert Cylindrical Equal-area Projection
In cartography, the Lambert cylindrical equal-area projection, or Lambert cylindrical projection, is a cylindrical equal-area projection. This projection is undistorted along the equator, which is its standard parallel, but distortion increases rapidly towards the poles. Like any cylindrical projection, it stretches parallels increasingly away from the equator. The poles accrue infinite distortion, becoming lines instead of points. History The projection was invented by the Swiss mathematician Johann Heinrich Lambert and described in his 1772 treatise, ''Beiträge zum Gebrauche der Mathematik und deren Anwendung'', part III, section 6: ''Anmerkungen und Zusätze zur Entwerfung der Land- und Himmelscharten'', translated as, ''Notes and Comments on the Composition of Terrestrial and Celestial Maps''. Lambert's projection is the basis for the cylindrical equal-area projection family. Lambert chose the equator as the parallel of no distortion. By multiplying the projection's heig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osborn Maitland Miller
Osborn Maitland Miller (1897–1979) was a Scottish-American cartographer, surveyor and aerial photographer. A member of several expeditions himself, he also acted as adviser to other explorers. He developed several map projections, including the Bipolar Oblique Conic Conformal, the Miller Oblated Stereographic, and most notably the Miller Cylindrical in 1942. The Maitland Glacier in Antarctica was named after Miller in 1952. He was awarded the Charles P. Daly Medal in 1962. Miller was born in Perth in 1897, and educated at Glenalmond College and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, after which he served as a regular officer in the Royal Field Artillery in the First World War, being awarded the Military Cross in 1917. Miller worked for the American Geographical Society The American Geographical Society (AGS) is an organization of professional geographers, founded in 1851 in New York City. Most fellows of the society are Americans, but among them have always been a signific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miller Projection SW
A miller is a person who operates a Gristmill, mill, a machine to grind a grain (for example corn or wheat) to make flour. Mill (grinding), Milling is among the oldest of human occupations. "Miller", "Milne" and other variants are common surnames, as are their equivalents in other languages around the world ("Melnyk (surname), Melnyk" in Russian language, Russian, Belorussian language, Belorussian & Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, "Meunier (other), Meunier" in French language, French, "Müller (surname), Müller" or "Mueller (surname), Mueller" in German language, German, "Mulder" and "Molenaar" in Dutch language, Dutch, "Molnár" in Hungarian language, Hungarian, "Molinero" in Spanish language, Spanish, "Molinaro" or "Molinari" in Italian language, Italian etc.). Milling existed in hunter-gatherer communities, and later millers were important to the history of agriculture, development of agriculture. The materials ground by millers are often foodstuffs and particularly c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miller Projection
The Miller cylindrical projection is a modified Mercator projection, proposed by Osborn Maitland Miller in 1942. The latitude is scaled by a factor of , projected according to Mercator, and then the result is multiplied by to retain scale along the equator. Hence: \begin x &= \lambda \\ y &= \frac\ln\left tan\left(\frac + \frac\right)\right= \frac\sinh^\left(\tan\frac\right)\end or inversely, \begin \lambda &= x \\ \varphi &= \frac\tan^e^\frac - \frac = \frac\tan^\left(\sinh\frac\right)\end where ''λ'' is the longitude from the central meridian of the projection, and ''φ'' is the latitude. Meridians are thus about 0.733 the length of the equator. In GIS applications, this projection is known as: "ESRI:54003 – World Miller Cylindrical". Compact Miller projection is similar to Miller but spacing between parallels stops growing after 55 degrees. See also * List of map projections This is a summary of map projections that have articles of their own on Wikipedia or that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Gall
James Gall (27 September 1808 – 7 February 1895) was a Scottish clergyman who founded the Carrubbers Close Mission. He was also a cartographer, publisher, sculptor, astronomer and author. In cartography he gives his name to three different map projections: Gall stereographic; Gall isographic; and Gall orthographic (Gall–Peters projection). Life Gall was born on 27 September 1808, the son of Ann Collie and James Gall, a printer who founded the printing company of Gall & Inglis in Edinburgh, which specialised in easy-access astronomy. His uncle, John Gall, ran a coach-building business. He was baptised at St Cuthbert's Church, Edinburgh on 15 October 1808.He lived with his family at Potterrow on the South Side of Edinburgh. He was educated at the High School close to his home and at the Trustees Academy. He was then apprenticed as a printer in his father's firm from 1822 before studying at the University of Edinburgh. From 1838 he became a partner in his father's pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gall Stereographic Projection SW Centered
Galls (from the Latin , 'oak-apple') or ''cecidia'' (from the Greek , anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external Tissue (biology), tissues of plants, fungi, or animals. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls are often highly organized structures so that the cause of the gall can often be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to some insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology. In human pathology, a gall is a raised sore on the skin, usually caused by chafing or rubbing. Causes of plant galls Insects and mites Insect galls are the highly distinctive plant structures formed by some Herbivore, herbivorous insects as their own microhabitats. They are plant tissue which is controlled by the insect. Gal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gall Stereographic Projection
The Gall stereographic projection, presented by James Gall in 1855, is a cylindrical projection. It is neither equal-area nor conformal but instead tries to balance the distortion inherent in any projection. Formulae The projection is conventionally defined as: :x = \frac\, ; \quad y = R \left(1+\frac\right)\tan \frac where ''λ'' is the longitude from the central meridian in degrees, ''φ'' is the latitude, and ''R'' is the radius of the globe used as the model of the earth for projection. It is a perspective projection if the point of projection is allowed to vary with longitude: the point of projection being on the equator on the opposite side of the earth from the point being mapped and with the projective surface being a cylinder secant to the sphere at 45°N and 45°S. Gall called the projection "stereographic" because the spacing of the parallels is the same as the spacing of the parallels along the central meridian of the equatorial stereographic projection. The re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roussilhe Oblique Stereographic Projection
The Roussilhe oblique stereographic projection is a mapping projection developed by Henri Roussilhe in 1922. The projection uses a truncated series to approximate an oblique stereographic projection for the ellipsoid. The projection received some attention in the former Soviet Union.Snyder, John P. (1993). ''Flattening the Earth: Two Thousand Years of Map Projections'' p. 169. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. . The development of the Bulgarian oblique stereographic projection was done for Romania by the Bulgarian geodesist, Hristow, in the late 1930s. See also *Map projection In cartography, map projection is the term used to describe a broad set of transformations employed to represent the two-dimensional curved surface of a globe on a plane. In a map projection, coordinates, often expressed as latitude and longitud ... References External linkslibproj4 cartographic projection library with Roussilhe oblique stereographic projection support Map projecti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
