|
List Of German Dictionaries
This list includes notable historic, standardized, and common-use dictionaries of the German language. The beginnings of German dictionaries date back to a series of glossaries from the 8th century CE. The first comprehensive German dictionary, the ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' (DWB), was begun by the Brothers Grimm in 1838. The ''Duden'' dictionary, begun in 1880 and now in its 25th edition, is currently the prescriptive source for the spelling of German. The official dictionary for Austrian German, the ''Österreichisches Wörterbuch'' (ÖWB), is published by the Austrian Federal Government and is now in its 41st edition. Older German dictionaries * The precursor German dictionaries were glossaries, of which the ''Abrogans'' from the 8th century is the oldest known. * Petrus Dasypodius, ''Dictionarium Latinogermanicum'', 1535 * ''Frisius'' ( Johannes Fries, ''Dictionarium Latinogermanicum'', 1541, 1556) * ''Pictorius'' (Josua Maaler, ''Die Teütsch spraach'', 1556) * ''Adelung'' (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictionary
A dictionary is a listing of lexemes from the lexicon of one or more specific languages, often arranged alphabetically (or by radical and stroke for ideographic languages), which may include information on definitions, usage, etymologies, pronunciations, translation, etc.Webster's New World College Dictionary, Fourth Edition, 2002 It is a lexicographical reference that shows inter-relationships among the data. A broad distinction is made between general and specialized dictionaries. Specialized dictionaries include words in specialist fields, rather than a complete range of words in the language. Lexical items that describe concepts in specific fields are usually called terms instead of words, although there is no consensus whether lexicology and terminology are two different fields of study. In theory, general dictionaries are supposed to be semasiological, mapping word to definition, while specialized dictionaries are supposed to be onomasiological, first ident ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Grimm
Wilhelm Carl Grimm (also Karl; 24 February 178616 December 1859) was a German author and anthropologist, and the younger brother of Jacob Grimm, of the literary duo the Brothers Grimm. Life and work Wilhelm was born in February 1786 in Hanau, in Hesse-Kassel. In 1803, he started studying law at the University of Marburg, one year after his brother Jacob started there. The two brothers spent their entire lives close together. In their school days, they had one bed and one table in common; as students, they had two beds and two tables in the same room. They always lived under one roof and had their books and property in common. In 1825, 39-year-old Wilhelm married pharmacist's daughter Henriette Dorothea Wild, also known as Dortchen. Wilhelm's marriage did not change the harmony of the brothers. Richard Cleasby visited the brothers and observed, "they both live in the same house, and in such harmony and community that one might almost imagine the children were common property." ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertelsmann
Bertelsmann SE & Co. KGaA () is a German private multinational conglomerate corporation based in Gütersloh, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is one of the world's largest media conglomerates, and is also active in the service sector and education. Bertelsmann was founded as a publishing house by Carl Bertelsmann in 1835. After World War II, Bertelsmann, under the leadership of Reinhard Mohn, went from being a medium-sized enterprise to a major conglomerate, offering not only books but also television, radio, music, magazines and services. Its principal divisions include the RTL Group, Penguin Random House, BMG, Arvato, the Bertelsmann Printing Group, the Bertelsmann Education Group and Bertelsmann Investments. Bertelsmann is an unlisted and capital market-oriented company, which remains primarily controlled by the Mohn family. History 1835 to 1933 The nucleus of the corporation is the ''C. Bertelsmann Verlag'', a publishing house established on July 1, 183 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerhard Wahrig
Gerhard Wahrig (10 May 1923 in Burgstädt, Saxony, Germany – 2 September 1978 in Wiesbaden Hesse, Germany) was a German linguist and lexicographer. He also worked on semantics and grammar In linguistics, the grammar of a natural language is its set of structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words. The term can also refer to the study of such constraints, a field that includes doma .... His main work is the ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' (German Dictionary, also referred to as ''Der Wahrig'', 1st edition in 1966), which is still published today. References 1923 births 1978 deaths People from Burgstädt Linguists from Germany 20th-century linguists {{Germany-academic-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Collins, Sons
William Collins, Sons (often referred to as Collins) was a Scottish printing and publishing company founded by a Presbyterian schoolmaster, William Collins, in Glasgow in 1819, in partnership with Charles Chalmers, the younger brother of Thomas Chalmers, minister of Tron Church, Glasgow. Collins merged with Harper & Row in 1990, forming a new publisher named HarperCollins. History The company had to overcome many early obstacles, and Charles Chalmers left the business in 1825. The company eventually found success in 1841 as a printer of Bibles, and, in 1848, Collins's son Sir William Collins developed the firm as a publishing venture, specialising in religious and educational books. The company was renamed William Collins, Sons and Co Ltd. in 1868. (The Library of Congress reports W. Collins & Co., or William Collins & Company, Collins & Co., etc., before "sometime in the 1860s", then "William Collins Sons and Co.") Although the early emphasis of the company had been on re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schweizerisches Idiotikon
''Schweizerisches Idiotikon'' ("the Swiss idioticon", also known as ''Wörterbuch der schweizerdeutschen Sprache'' "Dictionary of the Swiss German language") is an ongoing, major project of lexicography of the Swiss German dialects. Publication began in 1881 and is projected to be complete by 2022. Its scope includes the language since the end of the classical Middle High German period (13th century) and as such also represents the historical dictionary of the dialects of German-speaking Switzerland, and is one of the most detailed treatments of the Early Modern High German language in general. As of 2010, it contains 150,000 words. The history of the project began in 1862 with the foundation of a ''Verein für das Schweizerdeutsche Wörterbuch'', led by Friedrich Staub (1826–1896). Originally envisaged as a dictionary in four volumes, the first fascicle was published in 1881. From 1896, the project was led by Albert Bachmann (1863–1934), under whose editorship, the sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wörterbuch
The Schleswig-Holsteinische Wörterbuch ("Schleswig-Holstein Dictionary") is a regional dictionary of the Low German language in the dialects used in the state of Schleswig-Holstein i.e. Schleswig, Holsteinish and Hamburger Platt and their sub-dialects. The publisher and co-editor was the Germanist, Otto Mensing. History With a newspaper appeal by Otto Mensing and his co-initiators in Schleswig-Holstein newspapers in 1902, in which the population of the state was asked to collect source material about Low German (''Plattdeutsch'') in Schleswig-Holstein and to send it to the initiators, preparatory work for the production of the Schleswig-Holstein Dictionary began. Mensing attached particular importance to working out the linguistic peculiarities in the individual regions of the country; at that time he headed the so-called ''Niederdeutsche Sozietät'' at the University of Kiel Kiel University, officially the Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, (german: Christian-Albrec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moritz Heyne
Moritz Heyne (June 8, 1837 in Weißenfels – March 1, 1906 in Göttingen) was a German Germanic linguist (''Germanist''). He taught as a professor at the University of Halle (1869-1870), University of Basel (1870-), University of Göttingen (1883-). He worked with Jakob Grimm to edit his dictionary after 1867. Literary works * ''Laut- und Flexionslehre der altgermanischen Dialekte'', 1862 * ''Beowulf: Angelsächsisches Heldengedicht'', 1863 * ''Heliand'', 1866 * ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'', 3 vols., 1890-1895 * ''Ruodlieb ''Ruodlieb'' is a fragmentary romance in Latin verse written by an unknown southern German poet who flourished about 1030. He was almost certainly a monk of the Bavarian Tegernsee Abbey. The poem is one of the earliest German romances of knig ...'', 1897 1837 births 1906 deaths Germanists Germanic studies scholars Linguists of Germanic languages Heyne Moritz University of Göttingen faculty {{Germany-linguist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Gruyter
Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter (), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. History The roots of the company go back to 1749 when Frederick the Great granted the Königliche Realschule in Berlin the royal privilege to open a bookstore and "to publish good and useful books". In 1800, the store was taken over by Georg Reimer (1776–1842), operating as the ''Reimer'sche Buchhandlung'' from 1817, while the school’s press eventually became the ''Georg Reimer Verlag''. From 1816, Reimer used the representative Sacken'sche Palace on Berlin's Wilhelmstraße for his family and the publishing house, whereby the wings contained his print shop and press. The building became a meeting point for Berlin salon life and later served as the official residence of the president of Germany. Born in Ruhrort in 1862, Walter de Gruyter took a position with Reimer Verlag in 1894. By 1897, at the age of 35, he had become sole proprietor of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Kluge
Friedrich Kluge (21 June 1856 – 21 May 1926) was a German philologist and educator. He is known for the Kluge etymological dictionary of the German language (''Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache''), which was first published in 1883. Biography Kluge was born in Cologne. He studied comparative linguistics and classical and modern philologies at the universities of Leipzig, Strasbourg and Freiburg. As a student, his instructors were August Leskien, Georg Curtius, Friedrich Zarncke and Rudolf Hildebrand at Leipzig and Heinrich Hübschmann, Bernhard ten Brink and Erich Schmidt at the University of Strasbourg.Kluge, Friedrich In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, , S. 140 f. He became a teacher of English and German philology at Strassburg (1880), an assistant professor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etymologisches Wörterbuch Der Deutschen Sprache
The ''Etymological Dictionary of the German Language'' (german: Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache) is a reference book for the history of the German language, and was one of the first books of its kind ever written. Originally written in 1883 by Friedrich Kluge, it is still actively maintained and considered a standard work among the German etymological dictionaries. The most recent publication was released in 2011 in print, eBook and as an Android app. Editions and editors History From the 10th to the 13 editions, between 1924 and 1943, there was a dedication on the flyleaf that read: "To the German people its German dictionary." In the 1980s, criticism grew about the state of the dictionary. It was argued that it had not been maintained with sufficient rigor and was partially outdated. One of the supporting arguments was that the 21st edition (1975) when compared to the previous edition had remained unchanged. As a result of this criticism a new editor for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
