|
List Of Acacia Species Known To Contain Psychoactive Alkaloids
This article is a list of ''Acacia'' species (''sensu lato'') that are known to contain psychoactive alkaloids, or are suspected of containing such alkaloids due to being psychoactive. The presence and constitution of alkaloids in nature can be highly variable, due to environmental and genetic factors. Acacias known to contain psychoactive alkaloids Acacia species having little or no alkaloids in the material sampled Species containing a concentration of alkaloids of 0-0.02% include: * ''Acacia acinacea'' * ''Acacia baileyana'' * ''Acacia decurrens'' * ''Acacia dealbata'' * ''Acacia mearnsii'' * '' Acacia drummondii'' * ''Acacia elata'' * '' Acacia falcata'' * '' Acacia leprosa'' * '' Acacia linearis'' * ''Acacia melanoxylon'' * ''Acacia retinodes'' * ''Acacia saligna'' * ''Acacia stricta'' * ''Acacia verticillata'' * '' Acacia visco'' * '' Acacia vestita'' See also * Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record * List of plants used for smoking * List of psychoactive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Sensu Lato
''Acacia s.l.'' (pronounced or ), known commonly as mimosa, acacia, thorntree or wattle, is a polyphyletic genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae. It was described by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1773 based on the African species ''Acacia nilotica''. Many non-Australian species tend to be thorny, whereas the majority of Australian acacias are not. All species are pod-bearing, with sap and leaves often bearing large amounts of tannins and condensed tannins that historically found use as pharmaceuticals and preservatives. The genus ''Acacia'' constitutes, in its traditional circumspection, the second largest genus in Fabaceae (''Astragalus'' being the largest), with roughly 1,300 species, about 960 of them native to Australia, with the remainder spread around the tropical to warm-temperate regions of both hemispheres, including Europe, Africa, southern Asia, and the Americas (see List of ''Acacia'' species). The genus wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Angustissima
''Acaciella angustissima'' (prairie acacia, white ball acacia, ocpatl, or palo de pulque) is most recognized for its drought tolerance and its ability to be used as a green manure and ground covering. It is a perennial, deciduous, and belongs to the family Fabaceae (beans/legumes) and as it grows it starts as a shrub but eventually matures to a small tree. The tree has a high density of leaves along with small clumps of white flowers and creates 4–7 cm long seed pods. ''Acaciella angustissima'' is found in tropical areas around the equator since, its water needs can vary from 750 to 2,500 mm a year. It has an advantage it can withstand a moderate drought, since its leaves are retained even in long dry periods. Aside from being drought tolerant, ''Acaciella angustissima'' also has the benefit of being a green manure, since it has such a high leaf density, but also loses the majority of its leaves each season. So the leaves can be used in composting or can be saved and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mescaline
Mescaline or mescalin (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a naturally occurring psychedelic protoalkaloid of the substituted phenethylamine class, known for its hallucinogenic effects comparable to those of LSD and psilocybin. Biological sources It occurs naturally in several species of cacti. It is also found in small amounts in certain members of the bean family, Fabaceae, including ''Acacia berlandieri''. However those claims concerning ''Acacia'' species have been challenged and have been unsupported in any additional analysis. History and use Peyote has been used for at least 5,700 years by Indigenous peoples of the Americas in Mexico. Europeans noted use of peyote in Native American religious ceremonies upon early contact, notably by the Huichols in Mexico. Other mescaline-containing cacti such as the San Pedro have a long history of use in South America, from Peru to Ecuador. While religious and ceremonial peyote use was widespread in the Aztec empire and northern M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphetamines
Substituted amphetamines are a class of compounds based upon the amphetamine structure; it includes all derivative compounds which are formed by replacing, or substituting, one or more hydrogen atoms in the amphetamine core structure with substituents. The compounds in this class span a variety of pharmacological subclasses, including stimulants, empathogens, and hallucinogens, among others. Examples of substituted amphetamines are amphetamine (itself), methamphetamine, ephedrine, cathinone, phentermine, mephentermine, bupropion, methoxyphenamine, selegiline, amfepramone (diethylpropion), pyrovalerone, MDMA (ecstasy), and DOM (STP). Some of amphetamine's substituted derivatives occur in nature, for example in the leaves of ''Ephedra'' and khat plants. Amphetamine was first produced at the end of the 19th century. By the 1930s, amphetamine and some of its derivative compounds found use as decongestants in the symptomatic treatment of colds and also occasionally as psychoacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Berlandieri
''Senegalia berlandieri'' (Berlandier acacia, guajillo acacia, guajillo, huajillo, huajilla) is a shrub native to the Southwestern United States and northeast Mexico that belongs to the Mimosoid clade of Fabaceae. It grows tall, with blossoms that are spherical and white, occurring from February through April. The ''berlandieri'' epithet comes from the name of Jean-Louis Berlandier, a French naturalist who studied wildlife native to Texas and Mexico. ''S. berlandieri'' contains a wide variety of alkaloids and has been known to cause toxic reactions in domestic animals such as goats.B.A. Clement, C. M. Goff and T. D. A. Forbes (1997). "Toxic amines and alkaloids from ''Acacia berlandieri''." ''Phytochemistry'' 46 249-254. Uses ''Senegalia berlandieri'' is toxic to livestock and thus should not be used as forage or fodder. Alkaloids ''Senegalia berlandieri'' contains a number of diverse alkaloids, the most plentiful of which are ''N''-methylphenethylamine, tyramine, and phen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pituri
Pituri, also known as mingkulpa, is a mixture of leaves and wood ash traditionally chewed as a stimulant (or, after extended use, a depressant) by Aboriginal Australians widely across the continent. Leaves are gathered from any of several species of native tobacco (''Nicotiana'') or from at least one distinct population of the species ''Duboisia hopwoodii''. Various species of ''Acacia'', ''Grevillea'' and ''Eucalyptus'' are burned to produce the ash. The term "pituri" may also refer to the plants from which the leaves are gathered or from which the ash is made. Some authors use the term to refer only to the plant ''Duboisia hopwoodii'' and its leaves and any chewing mixture containing its leaves.Silcock JL, Tischler M, Smith MA"Quantifying the Mulligan River Pituri, ''Duboisia hopwoodii'' ((F.Muell.) F.Muell.) (Solanaceae), Trade of Central Australia."''Ethnobotany Research & Applications''. 2012; 10:037-044. Retrieved 30 April 2015. History The earliest record of Aboriginal ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Beauverdiana
''Acacia beauverdiana'', commonly known as pukkati, is a member of genus ''Acacia'' that is native to Western Australia. It is a perennial tree tall with multiple stems. It has yellow flowers and it blooms from July to October. It is native to Western Australia. Aboriginal uses The Noongar people of southwest Western Australia burned the top small branches of pukkati and mixed the ash with equal parts of Pituri (''Duboisia hopwoodii ''Duboisia hopwoodii'' is a shrub native to the arid interior region of Australia. Common names include pituri, pitchuri thornapple or pitcheri. Description The species has an erect habit, usually growing to between 1 and 3 metres in height, wit ...)'' to relieve intense pains such as toothache. References External links Acacia beauverdiana Photo -- Florabase beauverdiana Trees of Australia Fabales of Australia Acacias of Western Australia {{WesternAustralia-plant-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrahydroharman
Tetrahydroharman(e), also known as 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline, is a general name for one of two isomers: # (1S)-1-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido ,4-bndole # Calligonine ((1R)-1-methyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido ,4-bndole) Calligonine is a major alkaloid constituent of the roots of ''Calligonum minimum'' and the bark of ''Elaeagnus angustifolia''. When taken internally, it has the effect of substantially lowering blood pressure for an extended period of time, similar to reserpine. References Landolt-Börnstein* * * See also *Peganum harmala *Harmala alkaloid Several alkaloids that function as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are found in the seeds of ''Peganum harmala'' (also known as ''Harmal'' or ''Syrian Rue''), as well as tobacco leaves including harmine, harmaline, and harmalol, which are m ... Tryptamine alkaloids beta-Carbolines {{Alkaloid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cootamundra Wattle
''Acacia baileyana'' or Cootamundra wattle is a shrub or tree in the flowering plant family Fabaceae. The scientific name of the species honours the botanist Frederick Manson Bailey. It is indigenous to a very small area in southern inland New South Wales, comprising Temora, Cootamundra, Stockinbingal and Bethungra districts. However, it has been widely planted in other Australian states and territories. In many areas of Victoria, it has become naturalised and is regarded as a weed, outcompeting indigenous Victorian species. Almost all wattles have cream to golden flowers. The small flowers are arranged in spherical to cylindrical inflorescences, with only the stamens prominent. Wattles have been extensively introduced into New Zealand. Uses ''A. baileyana'' is used in Europe in the cut flower industry. It is also used as food for bees in the production of honey. American urban landscape designer Renée Gunter uses this plant in her South Los Angeles lawn as a drought-res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Baileyana
''Acacia baileyana'' or Cootamundra wattle is a shrub or tree in the flowering plant family Fabaceae. The scientific name of the species honours the botanist Frederick Manson Bailey. It is indigenous to a very small area in southern inland New South Wales, comprising Temora, Cootamundra, Stockinbingal and Bethungra districts. However, it has been widely planted in other Australian states and territories. In many areas of Victoria, it has become naturalised and is regarded as a weed, outcompeting indigenous Victorian species. Almost all wattles have cream to golden flowers. The small flowers are arranged in spherical to cylindrical inflorescences, with only the stamens prominent. Wattles have been extensively introduced into New Zealand. Uses ''A. baileyana'' is used in Europe in the cut flower industry. It is also used as food for bees in the production of honey. American urban landscape designer Renée Gunter uses this plant in her South Los Angeles lawn as a drought-res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acacia Auriculiformis
''Acacia auriculiformis'', commonly known as auri, earleaf acacia, earpod wattle, northern black wattle, Papuan wattle, and tan wattle, akashmoni in Bengali, is a fast-growing, crooked, gnarly tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Australia, Philippines, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. It grows up to tall. ''Acacia auriculiformis'' has about . Identification ''Acacia auriculiformis'' is an evergreen tree that grows between to tall, with a trunk up to long and in diameter. The trunk is crooked and the bark vertically fissured. Roots are shallow and spreading. It has dense foliage with an open, spreading crown. Leaves long and wide with 3–8 parallel nerves, thick, leathery and curved. Flowers are long and in pairs, creamy yellow and sweet scented. Pods are about , flat, cartilaginous, glaucous, transversely veined with undulate margins. They are initially straight but on maturity become twisted with irregular spirals. Seeds are transversely held in the pod, br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
