|
Le Sieur Beaulard
Jean Joseph Beaulard, known as ''Le Sieur Beaulard'' (''d. after'' 1775), was a French fashion merchant and fashion designer. He was one of the four top fashion merchants alongside Rose Bertin, Madame Eloffe and Mademoiselle Alexandre during the reign of Louis XVI, and are described as the rival and predecessor of Rose Bertin as the leading fashion designer in France. He was particularly known for his inventions within hats and headdresses. He had clients within the royal court and aristocracy, and was internationally famous at the time. His most known clients were queen Marie Antoinette and Louis XV's mistress, Madame du Barry. See also * Léonard Autié * Marie Madeleine Duchapt Marie Madeleine Duchapt, also known as only La Duchapt (d. ''after'' 1761), was a famous French fashion merchant (''Marchandes de modes''). Active from the 1730s to 1760s, she succeeded Françoise Leclerc as the most fashionable fashion merchant ... References {{reflist * Caroline Weber, Queen of F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rose Bertin
Marie-Jeanne Rose Bertin (2 July 1747, Abbeville, Picardy, France – 22 September 1813, Épinay-sur-Seine) was a French milliner ('' Marchande de modes''), known as the dressmaker to Queen Marie Antoinette. She was the first celebrated French fashion designer and is widely credited with having brought fashion and ''haute couture'' to the forefront of popular culture. Biography Rose Bertin was the daughter of Nicolas Bertin (d. 1754) and Marie-Marguerite Méquignon, and spent her childhood in St Gilles in Picardie. She came from a family of small means; her mother worked as a sick nurse, which at the time was a profession with very low salary and status, and the financial situation became even worse after the death of her father.Langlade, Émile. Rose Bertin: Creator of Fashion at the Court of Marie Antoinette (London: John Long, 1913). She and her brother Jean-Laurent received a modest education, but had a high level of ambition. Early career At the age of sixteen, Rose Berti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madame Eloffe
Adélaïde Henriette Damoville (''Madame Eloffe''; 1759–1805) was a French fashion merchant or ''Marchandes de modes''. She was a favorite milliner of Queen Marie Antoinette. She was the niece of Mme Pompey and succeeded her in the privilege of selling the trimmings and accessories to the women of the royal court. She provided dresses for the ladies-in-waiting in the court of Versailles, and Marie Antoinette was a regular costumer. Eloffe was described as a successful rival to Rose Bertin. She was known to advertise her business to the queen by having a portrait of her in the window of her shop. Her accounts books testify that it was common for noblewomen to order remakes of dresses rather than to order completely new ones, but that the remakes were often more expensive than new ones. The queen often ordered remakes and redecorations of old dresses from her. In 1785, the queen owed Eloffe a sum of 25.000 livres, in comparison to the 90.000 livres she owed Rose Bertin. After the ou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mademoiselle Alexandre
Mademoiselle Alexandre (d. ''after'' 1779), was a French fashion merchant (''Marchandes de modes''). Mademoiselle Alexandre came from a family of dressmakers. In 1740, she opened a fashion shop at the Rue de la Monnaie in Paris. She foremost sold accessories and trimmings, which was, at the time, the most important items within fashion, as the models of dresses where always the same in the period of 1740–1770 and fashion trends were expressed by accessories and trimmings. She had a successful career and reportedly supplied fashion products to the aristocracy for forty years. She eventually supplanted Marie Madeleine Duchapt, known as "La Duchapt", who had been the leading fashion merchant in the 1730s- and 1750s. During the last years of Louis XV, Alexandre was described as the top fashion merchant in Paris alongside Le sieur Beaulard, and Sébastien Mercier in ''Tableau de Paris'' described her and Beulard and the two rulers of fashion. Her fame gave her international clients, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XVI Of France
Louis XVI (''Louis-Auguste''; ; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the last King of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. He was referred to as ''Citizen Louis Capet'' during the four months just before he was executed by guillotine. He was the son of Louis, Dauphin of France, son and heir-apparent of King Louis XV, and Maria Josepha of Saxony. When his father died in 1765, he became the new Dauphin. Upon his grandfather's death on 10 May 1774, he became King of France and Navarre, reigning as such until 4 September 1791, when he received the title of King of the French, continuing to reign as such until the monarchy was abolished on 21 September 1792. The first part of his reign was marked by attempts to reform the French government in accordance with Enlightenment ideas. These included efforts to abolish serfdom, remove the ''taille'' (land tax) and the ''corvée'' (labour tax), and increase tolerance toward non-Catholics as well as abolis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne (; ; née Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last queen of France before the French Revolution. She was born an archduchess of Austria, and was the penultimate child and youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I. She became dauphine of France in May 1770 at age 14 upon her marriage to Louis-Auguste, heir apparent to the French throne. On 10 May 1774, her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI and she became queen. Marie Antoinette's position at court improved when, after eight years of marriage, she started having children. She became increasingly unpopular among the people, however, with the French ''libelles'' accusing her of being profligate, promiscuous, allegedly having illegitimate children, and harboring sympathies for France's perceived enemies—particularly her native Austria. The false accusations of the Affair of the Diamond Necklace damaged her reputation further ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XV
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defined as his 13th birthday) on 15 February 1723, the kingdom was ruled by his grand-uncle Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, as Regent of France. Cardinal Fleury was chief minister from 1726 until his death in 1743, at which time the king took sole control of the kingdom. His reign of almost 59 years (from 1715 to 1774) was the second longest in the history of France, exceeded only by his predecessor, Louis XIV, who had ruled for 72 years (from 1643 to 1715). In 1748, Louis returned the Austrian Netherlands, won at the Battle of Fontenoy of 1745. He ceded New France in North America to Great Britain and Spain at the conclusion of the disastrous Seven Years' War in 1763. He incorporated the territories of the Duchy of Lorr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madame Du Barry
Jeanne Bécu, Comtesse du Barry (19 August 1743 – 8 December 1793) was the last ''maîtresse-en-titre'' of King Louis XV of France. She was executed, by guillotine, during the French Revolution due to accounts of treason—particularly being suspected of assisting ''émigrés'' flee from the Revolution. In order for the king to take Jeanne as a ''maîtresse-en-titre'', she had to be married to someone of high rank so she could be allowed at court; she was hastily married on 1 September 1768, to Comte Guillaume du Barry. The marriage ceremony was accompanied by a false birth certificate, created by Jean du Barry. The certificate made Jeanne younger by three years and dissimulated her “poor” background. Henceforth, she was deemed as an official ''maîtresse-en-titre'' to the king. Her arrival at the French royal court was considered scandalous by some, as she had been a prostitute and a commoner. For these reasons, she was disliked by many, including Marie Antoinette. Mari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léonard Autié
Léonard-Alexis Autié, also Autier (c. 1751 – 20 March 1820), often referred to simply as Monsieur Léonard, was the favourite hairdresser of Queen Marie Antoinette and in 1788–1789 founded the Théâtre de Monsieur, "the first resident theatre in France to produce a year-round repertory of Italian opera." Early life and career as a hairdresser Born in the medieval town of Pamiers in southwestern France, he was the son of Alexis Autié and Catherine Fournier, who were domestic servants. He spent time in Bordeaux, where he began to work as a hairdresser. In 1769 he moved to Paris, where he began styling the hair of Julie Niébert, an actress at the Théâtre de Nicolet. His unusual hairstyles immediately attracted attention, and he was soon styling the hair of women of the nobility, including Madame du Barry, Louis XV's mistress and the Marquise de Langeac, a lady-in-waiting to the Dauphine Marie-Antoinette. By 1772 he had become the hairstylist of the Dauphine hers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Madeleine Duchapt
Marie Madeleine Duchapt, also known as only La Duchapt (d. ''after'' 1761), was a famous French fashion merchant (''Marchandes de modes''). Active from the 1730s to 1760s, she succeeded Françoise Leclerc as the most fashionable fashion merchant in Paris. She has been referred to as the first famous fashion celebrity of the Parisian fashion business and was a predecessor of Rose Bertin. Biography Marie Madeleine Duchapt has been referred to as Madame Duchapt, Mademoiselle Duchapt and finally, when she was most famous, as only 'La Duchapt'. She was reportedly married to the mercer Martin Arnaud Loysant; at that time, it was common for fashion merchants to be the wives of textile mercers. In her epoch, however, it was not unusual for married women to be called "Mademoiselle", as the title "Madame" denoted prestige. Career She was the manager of the famous Paris fashion accessories shop '' Chande de modes'', and came to the fore in 1734, when she began receiving orders from women ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caroline Weber (author)
Caroline Elizabeth Weber (born 1969) is an American author and fashion historian. She is a professor of French and Comparative Literature at Barnard College within Columbia University. Her book ''Proust's Duchess'' was a finalist for the 2019 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. Early life and education Weber was born in 1969. She received her Bachelor of Arts degree in literature ( summa cum laude) from Harvard University and her PhD in French literature from Yale University. Career After earning her PhD, Weber joined the faculty at the University of Pennsylvania as an Assistant Professor of Romance Languages. While at the University of Pennsylvania, she authored ''Terror and its Discontents: Suspect Words and the French Revolution'' and co-edited ''Fragments of Revolution'' with Howard G. Lay. After seven years at the University of Pennsylvania, Weber joined the faculty at Columbia University as a professor of French and Comparative Literature. While there, her bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Fashion Designers
This is a list of notable fashion designers sorted by nationality. It includes designers of ''haute couture'' and ready-to-wear. For ''haute couture'' only, see the list of grands couturiers. For footwear designers, see the list of footwear designers. Argentina * Sofia Achaval de Montaigu * Delia Cancela * Alan Faena * Franc Fernandez * Gustavo Cadile * Jazmín Chebar * Paco Jamandreu * Dalila Puzzovio * Elsa Serrano * Vanessa Seward * Aitor Throup * Pilar Zeta Armenia * Emin Bolbolian * Kevork Shadoyan Australia * Prue Acton * Peter Alexander * Yeojin Bae * Jenny Bannister * Nadia Bartel * Zara Bate * Lucas Bowers * Leigh Bowery * Linda Britten * Ray Brown * Sarah-Jane Clarke * Claudia Chan Shaw * Flora Cheong-Leen * Susien Chong * Christopher Chronis * Lorna Jane Clarkson * Kay Cohen * Wayne Cooper * Keri Craig-Lee * John Crittle * Liz Davenport * Rachel Dean * Collette Dinnigan * Leona Edmiston * Pip Edwards * Christopher Essex * Enid Gil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century French Businesspeople
The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 ( MDCCI) to December 31, 1800 ( MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the American, French, and Haitian Revolutions. During the century, slave trading and human trafficking expanded across the shores of the Atlantic, while declining in Russia, China, and Korea. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures, including the structures and beliefs that supported slavery. The Industrial Revolution began during mid-century, leading to radical changes in human society and the environment. Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution, with an emphasis on directly interconnected events. To historians who expand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
