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Langdarma
Darma Udumtsen (), better known by his nickname Langdarma (, "Mature Bull" or "Dharma the Bull") was most likely the last Tibetan Emperor who most likely reigned from 838 to 841 CE. Early sources call him Tri Darma "King Dharma". His domain extended beyond Tibet to include Dunhuang and neighbouring Chinese regions.Samten Karmay ''in'' , pg. 57 By tradition Langdarma is held to have been anti-Buddhist and a follower of Bon. He is attributed with the assassination of his brother, King Ralpacan, in 838 AD and he is generally held to have persecuted Buddhists. According to traditional accounts, during the first two years of his rule, Langdarma remained a Buddhist, but under the influence of Wégyel Toré (), he became a follower of Bon. Following his persecution of Buddhism Atiśa was called from Sumatra to restore Buddhism to Tibet. The anti-Buddhist portrayal of this king has been questioned by several historians, most prominently Zuiho Yamaguchi. Yamaguchi, Zuiho. “The F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibetan Empire
The Tibetan Empire (, ; ) was an empire centered on the Tibetan Plateau, formed as a result of imperial expansion under the Yarlung dynasty heralded by its 33rd king, Songtsen Gampo, in the 7th century. The empire further expanded under the 38th king, Trisong Detsen. The 821–823 treaty concluded between the Tibetan Empire and the Tang dynasty delineated the former as being in possession of an area larger than the Tibetan Plateau, stretching east to Chang'an, west beyond modern Afghanistan, and south into modern India and the Bay of Bengal. The Yarlung dynasty was founded in 127 BC in the Yarlung Valley. The Yarlung capital was moved to Lhasa by the 33rd king Songsten Gampo, and into the Red Fort during the imperial period which continued to the 9th century. The beginning of the imperial period is marked in the reign of the 33rd king of the Yarlung dynasty, Songtsen Gampo. The power of Tibet's military empire gradually increased over a diverse terrain. During the reign of Tris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ralpacan
Tritsuk Detsen (), better known by his nickname Ralpachen () (c. 806 CE–838), according to traditional sources, was the 41st king of the Yarlung Dynasty of Tibet. He reigned after the death of his father, Sadnalegs, in c. 815, and grew the empire to its largest extent. He was murdered by his brother in 838. Ralpachen is one of Tibet's three Dharma Kings, and referred to as "son of God" in the ancient Tibetan chronicle Testament of Ba. Ralpachen was the second of five brothers. The eldest, Prince Tsangma, took Buddhist vows. The third, Langdarma is referred to in the sources as "unfit to reign". The younger two brothers both died young., p. 17 Ralpachen is considered a very important king in the history of Tibet and Tibetan Buddhism, as one of the three Dharma Kings (''chosgyal'') of the Yarlung Dynasty, which include Songtsen Gampo the 33rd king, Trisong Detsen the 38th king, and Ralpachen. All three kings respectively contributed in bringing Mahayana Buddhism to Tibet, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
We Gyaltore Taknye
We Gyaltore Taknye (, "''Dba'as'' clan noble leader Toré" ? – 842), also known as Wa Taknachen ( "Tiger-Ear of the ''Dba'as'' clan), was the last '' Lönchen'' of the Tibetan Empire. In Chinese records, his name was given as Jié Dūnà (). He was appointed as '' Lönchen'' during Ralpacan's reign. Ralpacan indulged in Buddhism religion, leaving all his political affairs to the Banchenpo (Monk Minister) Dranga Palkye Yongten to deal with. Gyaltore had no actual power, and he was hostile to Buddhism. He told Ralpacan that Yongten fornicated with the queen (see also Karmamudrā), made Ralpacan very angry. Yongten was so frightened. He fled from the capital, but soon was captured and executed. After this, Gyaltore became the ''de facto'' ruler of Tibet. He murdered Ralpacan in the palace, in 838, and installed Langdarma as the new king. According to traditional accounts, during the first two years of his rule, Langdarma remained a Buddhist, but under the influence of Gyaltor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Era Of Fragmentation
The Era of Fragmentation (; ) was an era of disunity in Tibetan history lasting from the death of the Tibetan Empire's last emperor, Langdarma, in 842 until Drogön Chögyal Phagpa became the Imperial Preceptor of the three provinces of Tibet in 1253, under the Yuan dynasty. During this period, the political unity of the Tibetan Empire collapsed following a civil war between Yumtän (''Yum brtan'') and Ösung (''’Od-srung''), after which followed numerous rebellions against the remnants of imperial Tibet and the rise of regional warlords. Civil war and the decline of imperial Tibet The last emperor of the unified Tibetan Empire, Langdarma, was assassinated in 842–846, by either a Buddhist hermit or a monk named Pelgyi Dorje of Lhalung. The assassination left two possible heirs, Yumtän and Ösung, to fight for the throne, leading to a civil war. The successors of Ösung controlled the region of Ngari, while the successors of Yumtän controlled the Ü region. The son ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lhalung Pelgyi Dorje
Lhalung Palgyi Dorje ( bo, ལྷ་ལུང་དཔལ་གྱི་རྡོ་རྗེ། Wylie: ''lha lung dpal gyi rdo rje'') was a Tibetan Buddhist monk who assassinated the Tibetan Emperor Langdarma in 842 Common Era, CE. Palgyi Dorje was Padmasambhava's student. According to Tibetan tradition, King Langdarma persecuted Buddhism in Tibet. To end this persecution, Pelgyi Dorje traveled to the King's palace, where he surprised the King and killed him with a bow and arrow. Escaping by turning his black cloak inside out to show its white lining and riding his white horse into the river to wash off the charcoal with which he had made it appear black, he then fled to Amdo (Qinghai) or Yerpa, where he lived out the rest of his life as a recluse. Another version relates how he performed the role of the Black Hat Dancer in the Black Hat Dance; dressed in black with a tall black hat he was able to shoot the king dead with a bow and arrow. He escaped and turned his clothing inside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladakh
Ladakh () is a region administered by India as a union territory which constitutes a part of the larger Kashmir region and has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since 1947. (subscription required) Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir, state of India, located in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent in the vicinity of the Karakoram and westernmost Himalayan mountain ranges. From 1947 to 2019, Ladakh was part of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, which has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since the partition of the subcontinent in 1947." Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China." Ladakh is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region to the east, the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh to the south, both the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir and the Pakistan-administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution Of Buddhists
Many adherents of Buddhism have experienced religious persecution because of their adherence to the Buddhist practice, including unwarranted arrests, imprisonment, beating, torture, and/or execution. The term also may be used in reference to the confiscation or destruction of property, temples, monasteries, centers of learning, meditation centers, historical sites, or the incitement of hatred towards Buddhists. Pre-modern persecutions of Buddhism Sassanids In 224 CE Zoroastrianism was made the official religion of Persia, and other religions were not tolerated, thus halting the spread of Buddhism westwards. In the 3rd century the Sassanids overran the Bactrian region, overthrowing Kushan rule,Alexander Berzin, ''History of Buddhism in Afghanistan'', November 2001, Online Article from Study BuddhismLast accessed 20 June 2016/ref> were persecuted with many of their stupas fired. Although strong supporters of Zoroastrianism, the Sassanids tolerated Buddhism and allowed the construc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadnalegs
Tridé Songtsen (), better known by his nickname Sénalek Jingyön () or Sadnalegs () for short, was the youngest son of King Trisong Detsen of Tibet (reigned 800–815 CE – though various accounts give the beginning of his reign as 797 or 804 CE). Trisong Detsen retired to live at Zungkar and handed power to his second son, Muné Tsenpo, in 797. From this point there is much confusion in the various historical sources. It seems there was a struggle for the succession after the death of Trisong Detsen. It is not clear when Trisong Detsen died, or for how long Muné Tsenpo reigned. It is said that Muné Tsenpo was poisoned by his mother, who was jealous of his beautiful wife. Whatever the case, both the ''Old Book of Tang'' and the Tibetan sources agree that, since Muné Tsenpo had no heirs, power passed to his younger brother, Sadnalegs, who was on the throne by 804 CE. The other brother, Mutik Tsenpo, was apparently not considered for office as he had previously murdered a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zuiho Yamaguchi
is a Japanese Buddhologist and Tibetologist. He is an emeritus professor at the University of Tokyo, where he also took his doctorate degree in Sanskrit in 1954. He also studied in Paris and for many years was a researcher at the Tōyō Bunko. He retired in 1986. Zuiho Yamaguchi specializes in the history of Tibet and studied include the manuscripts of Dunhuang, but also dealt with other subjects, such as the Tibetan calendar which he published a work in 1973 in Japanese. He also did a thorough investigation of facts surrounding emperor Langdarma, where he challenged the assertion that Langdarma was a persecutor of Buddhism and a supporter of Bon ''Bon'', also spelled Bön () and also known as Yungdrung Bon (, "eternal Bon"), is a Tibetan religious tradition with many similarities to Tibetan Buddhism and also many unique features.Samuel 2012, pp. 220-221. Bon initially developed in t .... Works *マハーバーラタものがたり 青葉書房, 1957 (学級図書館) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shey
Shey is a village in the Leh district of Ladakh, India. It is located in the Leh tehsil, 15 km from Leh towards Hemis. Shey was founded as the capital of Ladakh (then called Maryul), by the king Lhachen Palgyigon in the 10th century. It was gradually eclipsed by Leh around the 17th century after the growth of Central Asian trade. History Towards the end of the 9th century, the Tibetan prince Kyide Nyimagon (''Skyid lde nyima gon)'', a great-grandson of the Tibetan king, Langdarma, established a small kingdom in Guge, which eventually grew to encompass the whole of western Tibet up to the Zoji La mountain pass. His eldest son, Lhachen Palgyigon, is credited with much of the conquest in the northwest. After his father's death, he inherited the region of Maryul ("lowland"), as Ladakh was then called. Several towns and castles are said to have been founded by Nyimagon, and he apparently ordered the construction of the main sculptures at Shey. In an inscription, he says he ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Rulers Of Tibet
This article lists the rulers of Tibet from the beginning of legendary history. Included are regimes with their base in Central Tibet, that held authority over at least a substantial portion of the country. Pre-Imperial Yarlung dynasty * Nyatri Tsenpo * Mutri Tsenpo (son) * Dingtri Tsenpo (son) * Sotri Tsenpo (son) * Mertri Tsenpo (son) * Daktri Tsenpo (son) * Siptri Tsenpo (son) * Drigum Tsenpo (son) * Pude Gunggyal (son) * Esho Leg (son) * Desho Leg (son) * Tisho Leg (son) * Gongru Leg (son) * Drongzher Leg (son) * Isho Leg (son) * Zanam Zindé (son) * Detrul Namzhungtsen (son) * Senöl Namdé (son) * Senöl Podé (son) * Denöl Nam (son) * Denöl Po (son) * Degyal Po (son) * Detring Tsen (son) * Tore Longtsen (son) * Tritsun Nam (son) * Tridra Pungtsen (son) * Tritog Jethogtsen (son) * Lha Thothori (son) * Trinyen Zungtsen (son) * Drongnyen Deu (son) * Tagri Nyenzig (son) * Namri Songtsen ?–618 (son) Tibetan Empire * Songtsen Gampo 618–641 (son of Namri Songtsen) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atiśa
( bn, অতীশ দীপংকর শ্রীজ্ঞান, ôtiś dīpôṅkôr śrigyen; 982–1054) was a Buddhist religious leader and master. He is generally associated with his work carried out at the Vikramashila monastery in Bihar. He was one of the major figures in the spread of 11th-century Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism in Asia and inspired Buddhist thought from Tibet to Sumatra. He is recognised as one of the greatest figures of medieval Buddhism. Atiśa's chief disciple, Dromtön, was the founder of the Kadam school, one of the New Translation schools of Tibetan Buddhism, later supplanted by the Gelug tradition in the 14th century which adopted its teachings and absorbed its monasteries. In 2004, Atiśa was ranked 18th in the BBC's poll of the greatest Bengalis of all time. Early life Palace life Bikrampur, the most probable place for Atiśa's birthplace, was the capital of the Pala Empire as it was of the ancient kingdoms of southeast Bengal. Though ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
