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LPWA
A low-power wide-area network (LPWAN or LPWA network) is a type of wireless telecommunication wide area network designed to allow long-range communications at a low bit rate among things (connected objects), such as sensors operated on a battery. The low power, low bit rate, and intended use distinguish this type of network from a wireless WAN that is designed to connect users or businesses, and carry more data, using more power. The LPWAN data rate ranges from 0.3 kbit/s to 50 kbit/s per channel. A LPWAN may be used to create a private wireless sensor network, but may also be a service or infrastructure offered by a third party, allowing the owners of sensors to deploy them in the field without investing in gateway technology. Attributes # Long range: The operating range of LPWAN technology varies from a few kilometers in urban areas to over 10 km in rural settings. It can also enable effective data communication in previously infeasible indoor and underground locations. # ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIoTy
mioty is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) protocol. It is using telegram splitting, a standardized LPWAN technology in the license-free spectrum. This technology splits a data telegram into multiple sub packets and sends them after applying error correcting codes, in a partly predefined time and frequency pattern. This makes a transmission robust to interferences and packet collisions. It is standardised in the TS 103 357 ETSI. Its uplink operates at the 868 MHz band, license free in Europe, and 916MHz band in North America. It requires a bandwidth of 200 kHz for two channels (e.g. up- and downlink). Technology attributes * ''Long range:'' The operating range of LPWAN technology varies from a few kilometers in urban areas to over 10 km in rural settings. It can also enable effective data communication in previously infeasible indoor and underground locations. * ''Low power:'' Optimized for power consumption, LPWAN transceivers can run on small, inexpensive batteries for up t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NarrowBand IOT
Narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) radio technology standard developed by 3GPP for cellular devices and services. The specification was frozen in 3GPP Release 13 (LTE Advanced Pro), in June 2016. Other 3GPP IoT technologies include eMTC (enhanced Machine-Type Communication) and EC-GSM-IoT. NB-IoT focuses specifically on indoor coverage, low cost, long battery life, and high connection density. NB-IoT uses a subset of the LTE standard, but limits the bandwidth to a single narrow-band of 200kHz. It uses OFDM modulation for downlink communication and SC-FDMA for uplink communications. IoT applications which require more frequent communications will be better served by NB-IoT, which has no duty cycle limitations operating on the licensed spectrum. In March 2019, the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA) announced that over 100 operators had either NB-IoT or LTE-M networks. This number had risen to 142 deployed/launched networks by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weightless (wireless Communications)
Weightless was a set of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) wireless technology specifications for exchanging data between a base station and thousands of machines around it. History An event was held at the Moller Centre in Cambridge, UK by Cambridge Wireless on September 30, 2011. Presentations were given by Neul, Landis+Gyr, Cable & Wireless, and ARM Holdings. The technology was promoted by the Weightless Special Interest Group (SIG), announced on December 7, 2012. The group was led by William Webb, a professor at Cambridge and a founder of the company Neul. Another event was held in September 2013, when version 1.0 was published. The name Weightless was chosen to reflect the low overhead per transmission for devices that need to communicate just a few bytes of data. The Weightless logo appears as uppercase letters with the 'W' appearing in the top-right corner of a light blue box that has a solid blue line above it. In September 2014, Cambridge-based Neul was acquired by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weightless (wireless Communications)
Weightless was a set of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) wireless technology specifications for exchanging data between a base station and thousands of machines around it. History An event was held at the Moller Centre in Cambridge, UK by Cambridge Wireless on September 30, 2011. Presentations were given by Neul, Landis+Gyr, Cable & Wireless, and ARM Holdings. The technology was promoted by the Weightless Special Interest Group (SIG), announced on December 7, 2012. The group was led by William Webb, a professor at Cambridge and a founder of the company Neul. Another event was held in September 2013, when version 1.0 was published. The name Weightless was chosen to reflect the low overhead per transmission for devices that need to communicate just a few bytes of data. The Weightless logo appears as uppercase letters with the 'W' appearing in the top-right corner of a light blue box that has a solid blue line above it. In September 2014, Cambridge-based Neul was acquired by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultra Narrowband
In communication engineering, Ultra NarrowBand (UNB) systems are those in which the channel has a very narrow bandwidth. Technical characteristics An ultra narrowband receiver is highly selective and can reject noise and interference which may enter the receiver outside its narrow bandwidth, enabling an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio to be achieved with a relatively weak received signal. Consequently, transmitter power levels can be low and the effective range of transmissions may be greater than would typically be the case for technologies which do not provide such selectivity. Some other radio technologies, such as direct sequence spread spectrum and chirp spread spectrum, employ alternative approaches to selectively extract signals from interference and noise. Typical UNB systems operate with a bandwidth of a few 10s to a few 100s Hz and are used for the transmission and reception of digital signals. The use of highly selective filters in UNB receivers can provide very eff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigfox
Sigfox is a French global network operator founded in 2010 that builds wireless networks to connect low-power objects such as electricity meters and smartwatches, which need to be continuously on and emitting small amounts of data. Sigfox is based in Labège near Toulouse, France, and has over 375 employees. The firm also has offices in Madrid, San Francisco, Sydney and Paris. Technology Sigfox employs the differential binary phase-shift keying (DBPSK) and the Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) that enables communication using the Short-range device band of 868 MHz in Europe, and the Industrial, Scientific and Medical radio band of 902 MHz in the US. It utilizes a wide-reaching signal that passes freely through solid objects, called "Ultra Narrowband" and requires little energy, being termed a "low-power wide-area network" (LPWAN). The network is based on one-hop star topology and requires a mobile operator to carry the generated traffic. The signal can also be us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Of Things
The Internet of things (IoT) describes physical objects (or groups of such objects) with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or other communications networks. Internet of things has been considered a misnomer because devices do not need to be connected to the public internet, they only need to be connected to a network and be individually addressable. The field has evolved due to the convergence of multiple technologies, including ubiquitous computing, commodity sensors, increasingly powerful embedded systems, as well as machine learning.Hu, J.; Niu, H.; Carrasco, J.; Lennox, B.; Arvin, F.,Fault-tolerant cooperative navigation of networked UAV swarms for forest fire monitoring Aerospace Science and Technology, 2022. Traditional fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, control systems, automation (including Home automation, home and building automation), indepen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NB-Fi
NB-Fi Protocol is an open LPWAN protocol, which operates in unlicensed ISM radio band. Using the NB-Fi Protocol in devices allows data transmission range of up to 10 km in dense urban conditions, and up to 30 km in rural areas with up to 10 years on battery power. NB-Fi Protocol is developed by WAVIoT. Technology NB-Fi Protocol employs a Narrow Band technology that enables communication using the Industrial, Scientific and Medical ISM radio band (and in other parts of sub-GHz license-free spectrum as well). NB-Fi devices could be manufactured using widespread electronic components which could easily be manufactured or purchased in every particular country. WAVIoT has developed an NB-Fi transceiver that encapsulates the NB-Fi protocol at a physical layer. The NB-Fi transceiver supports 430–500 MHz and 860–925 MHz frequency bands at 50 to 25,600 bit/s data rates. The network is based on one-hop star topology and requires a SDR-technology base stations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wireless Sensor Network
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) refer to networks of spatially dispersed and dedicated sensors that monitor and record the physical conditions of the environment and forward the collected data to a central location. WSNs can measure environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, pollution levels, humidity and wind. These are similar to wireless ad hoc networks in the sense that they rely on wireless connectivity and spontaneous formation of networks so that sensor data can be transported wirelessly. WSNs monitor physical conditions, such as temperature, sound, and pressure. Modern networks are bi-directional, both collecting data and enabling control of sensor activity. The development of these networks was motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance. Such networks are used in industrial and consumer applications, such as industrial process monitoring and control and machine health monitoring. A WSN is built of "nodes" – from a few to hundreds or th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sony
, commonly stylized as SONY, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. As a major technology company, it operates as one of the world's largest manufacturers of consumer and professional electronic products, the largest video game console company and the largest video game publisher. Through Sony Entertainment Inc, it is one of the largest music companies (largest music publisher and second largest record label) and the third largest film studio, making it one of the most comprehensive media companies. It is the largest technology and media conglomerate in Japan. It is also recognized as the most cash-rich Japanese company, with net cash reserves of ¥2 trillion. Sony, with its 55 percent market share in the image sensor market, is the largest manufacturer of image sensors, the second largest camera manufacturer, and is among the semiconductor sales leaders. It is the world's largest player in the premium TV market for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MySensors
MySensors is a free and open source DIY ( do-it yourself) software framework for wireless IoT (Internet of Things) devices allowing devices to communicate using radio transmitters. The library was originally developed for the Arduino platform. The MySensors devices create a virtual radio network of nodes that automatically forms a self healing mesh like structure. Each node can relay messages for other nodes to cover greater distances using simple short range transceivers. Each node can have several sensors or actuators attached and can interact with other nodes in the network. The radio network can consist of up to 254 nodes where one node can act as a gateway to the internet or a home automation controller. The controller adds functionality to the radio network such as id assignment and time awareness. Supported hardware platforms The framework can natively be run on the following platforms and micro controllers. * Linux / Raspberry Pi * ATMega 328P * ESP8266 * ESP32 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LTE-M
LTE-M or LTE-MTC (" Long-Term Evolution Machine Type Communication"), is a type of low-power wide-area network radio communication technology standard developed by 3GPP for machine-to-machine and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. LTE-M includes eMTC ("enhanced Machine Type Communication"), also known as LTE Cat-M1, whose specification was frozen in 3GPP Release 13 (LTE Advanced Pro), in June 2016. Competing 3GPP IoT technologies include NB-IoT and EC-GSM-IoT. The advantage of LTE-M over NB-IoT is its comparatively higher data rate, mobility, and voice over the network, but it requires more bandwidth, is more costly, and cannot be put into guard band portion of the frequency band for now. Compared to LTE Release 12 Cat-0 modem, an LTE-M model is claimed to be 80% less expensive (in terms of the bill of materials), support up to 18 dB better coverage, and a battery lifetime that can last up to several years. In March 2019, the Global Mobile Suppliers Association reported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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