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Lutfi Al-Haffar
Lutfi al-Haffar ( ar, لطفي الحفار) (18 February 1885 – 4 February 1968) was a Syrian businessman and politician. He was a founding member of the National Bloc and served as 11th Prime Minister of Syria in 1939. Early career Al-Haffar was born into the wealthy merchant Damascene family of al-Haffar. His early career was mostly devoted to his family's business in trade. He joined the Damascus Chamber of Commerce in 1922, and became its deputy president in 1924. In 1923 in response to the water shortages in Damascus, al-Haffar established the Ayn al-Fijeh Waterworks Company, which pumped water from the Ayn al-Fijeh spring in the Ghouta area to the city of Damascus and constructed the first modern public water system in the city. The project was an immediate success, and allowed the water from the Barada river to be used for other purposes like irrigation. Political career French mandate Al-Haffar's involvement in politics came through his alliance with nationalist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jabal Al-Druze
Jabal al-Druze ( ar, جبل الدروز, ''jabal ad-durūz'', ''Mountain of the Druze''), officially Jabal al-Arab ( ar, جبل العرب, links=no, ''jabal al-ʿarab'', ''Mountain of the Arabs''), is an elevated volcanic region in the As-Suwayda Governorate of southern Syria. Most of the inhabitants of this region are Druze, and there are also small Muslim and significant Christian communities. Safaitic inscriptions were first found in this area. The State of Jabal Druze was an autonomous area in the French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon from 1921 to 1936. In the past, the name Jabal al-Druze was used for a different area, located in Mount Lebanon. Geology The Jabal al-Druze volcanic field, the southernmost in Syria, lies in the Haurun-Druze Plateau in SW Syria near the border with Jordan. The most prominent feature of this volcanic field is 1800m-high Jabal al-Druze (also known variously as Jabal ad Duruz, Djebel Al-Arab, Jabal Druze, Djebel ed Drouz). The alkaline volc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March 1949 Syrian Coup D'état
The March 1949 Syrian coup d'état was a bloodless coup d'état that took place on 30 March, and was the first military coup in modern Syrian history which overthrew the country's democratically elected government. It was led by the Syrian Army chief of staff, Husni al-Za'im, who became President of Syria on 11 April 1949. Among the officers that assisted al-Za'im's takeover were Sami al-Hinnawi and Adib al-Shishakli, both of whom in sequence would later also become military leaders of the country. The president, Shukri al-Quwatli, was accused of purchasing inferior arms for the Syrian Army and poor leadership. He was briefly imprisoned, but then released into exile in Egypt. Syria's legislature, then called the House of Representatives, was dissolved. al-Za'im also imprisoned many political leaders, such as Munir al-Ajlani, whom he accused of conspiring to overthrow the republic. The coup As recounted by the British military attaché in Syria, Za'im began plotting a coup two yea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Party (Syria)
The People's Party ( ar, حزب الشعب ''Ḥizb aš-Šaʿb''; french: Parti du peuple) was a Syrian political party that dominated Syrian politics during the 1950s and the early 1960s. The party was officially founded in August 1948 by Rushdi al-Kikhiya, Nazem al-Qudsi and Mustafa bey Barmada. It saw its greatest levels of support among Aleppo merchants, bankers and those in agriculture in surrounding areas. It supported closer ties with Hashemite-ruled Iraq and Jordan, although some members also supported closer ties with Lebanon Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to Lebanon–Syria border, the north and east and Israel to Blue .... Similar to its rival, the National Party, it was also popular among landowners and landlords. In recent years there have been discussions about reviving the party in some form following the libe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Party (Syria)
The National Party ( ar, الحزب الوطني ''al-Ḥizb al-Waṭanī''; french: Parti National) was a Syrian political party founded in 1947, eventually dissolving in 1963, after the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, Syrian Ba'ath Party established one-party rule in Syria in a 1963 Syrian coup d'état, coup d'état. It grew out of the National Bloc (Syria), National Bloc, which opposed the Ottoman Turks, Ottomans in Syria, and later demanded independence from the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, French mandate. The party saw the greatest support among the Damascus, Damascene old guard and industrialists. It supported closer ties with the Arab countries and territories to Syria's south, mainly Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt, Lebanon, and Mandatory Palestine, although it began supporting Hashemites, Hashemite-ruled Kingdom of Iraq, Iraq and Jordan starting in 1949 amongst growing public support. While the dominant party in 1940s and early 1950s, it was repl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faris Al-Khoury
Faris al-Khoury ( ar, فارس الخوري, Fāris al-Khūrī) (November 20, 1877 – January 2, 1962) was a Syrian statesman, minister, prime minister, speaker of parliament, and father of modern Syrian politics. Faris Khoury went on to become prime minister of Syria from October 14, 1944, to October 1, 1945, and from October 1954 to February 13, 1955. Faris Koury's position as prime minister is, as of 2017, the highest political position a Syrian Christian has ever reached. Khoury's electoral popularity was due in part to his staunch secularist and nationalist policies. As a die-hard Syrian nationalist, Khoury never compromised on his principles and was resolutely against pan-Arabism and the ill-fated union between Syria and Egypt. Khoury opposed the short-lived union between Nasser's Egypt and republican Syria, the United Arab Republic. Through it all Faris Khoury served his country for almost 50 years. He was the grandfather of noted Syrian novelist Colette Khoury. Early year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saadallah Al-Jabiri
Saadallah Al Jabiri ( ar, سعد الله الجابري; 1893–1947) was a Syrian Arab politician, a two-time prime minister and a two-time Minister of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates of Syria. Jabiri was exiled by the French authorities to the village of Douma in North Lebanon, where he rented the house of Melhim Kheir. His sister, Fayza Al Jabiri, was married to Riad Al Solh, two-time prime minister of Lebanon. By Robert Owen Freedman, Baltimore University 2002, page 218. in central Aleppo city is named after the |
Shukri Al-Quwatli
Shukri al-Quwatli ( ar, شكري القوّتلي, Shukrī al-Quwwatlī; 6 May 189130 June 1967) was the first president of post-independence Syria. He began his career as a dissident working towards the independence and unity of the Ottoman Empire's Arab territories and was consequently imprisoned and tortured for his activism. When the Kingdom of Syria was established, Quwatli became a government official, though he was disillusioned with monarchism and co-founded the republican Independence Party. Quwatli was immediately sentenced to death by the French who took control over Syria in 1920. Afterward, he based himself in Cairo where he served as the chief ambassador of the Syrian-Palestinian Congress, cultivating particularly strong ties with Saudi Arabia. He used these connections to help finance the Great Syrian Revolt (1925–1927). In 1930, the French authorities pardoned Quwatli and thereafter, he returned to Syria, where he gradually became a principal leader of the Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. In 762 CE, Baghdad was chosen as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, and became its most notable major development project. Within a short time, the city evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the Muslim world. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning". Baghdad was the largest city in the world for much of the Abbasid era during the Islamic Golden Age, peaking at a population of more than a million. The city was largely destroyed at the hands of the Mongol Empire in 1258, resulting in a decline that would linger through many c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finance Minister Of Syria
The Ministry of Finance is a department of the Syrian Government. Responsibilities It is a ministry that deals with the preparation of the state's financial policies, the supervision of their implementation by monitoring and collecting public revenues to the state treasury, the supervision of the payment of state expenditures and organizations, and the preparation of the state budget. He is also responsible for managing public debt in cooperation with the Central Bank of Syria. Ministers * Said Choucair, 1918-1920 * Fares al-Khoury, 1920 * Hamdi Al-Nasr, 1920-1922 *Mohammed Ali Bey al-Abed, 1922-1925 * Jalal Zuhdi, 1925-1926 * Shaker Nemat Al-Shabani, 1926 * Abdul Qadir Al-Azm, 1926 * Hamdi Al-Nasr, 1926-1928 *Jamil al-Ulshi, 1928-1931 * Tawfiq Shamia, 1931-1932 *Jamil Mardam, 1932-1933 * Shakir Al-Shabani, 1933-1934 * Hinri Hindia, 1934-1936 * Edmond Al-Homsi, 1936 * Shukri al-Quwwatli, 1936-1938 *Lutfi al-Haffar, 1938 * Fayez al-Khoury, 1939-1939 * Muhammad Khalil Muda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franco-Syrian Treaty Of Independence
The Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence, also known as the Viénot Accords, was a treaty negotiated between France and Syria to provide for Syrian independence from French authority. History In 1934, France attempted to impose a treaty of independence that was heavily prejudiced in its favor. It promised gradual independence but kept the Syrian Mountains under French control. The Syrian head of state at the time was a French puppet, Muhammad 'Ali Bay al-'Abid. Fierce opposition to this treaty was spearheaded by senior nationalist and parliamentarian Hashim al-Atassi, who called for a sixty-day strike in protest. Atassi's political coalition, the National Bloc, mobilized massive popular support for his call. Riots and demonstrations raged, and the economy came to a standstill. The new Popular Front-led French government then agreed to recognize the National Bloc as the sole legitimate representative of the Syrian people and invited Hashim al-Atassi to independence negotiations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taj Al-Din Al-Hasani
Taj al-Din al-Hasani ( ar, تاج الدين الحسني, Tāj ad-Dīn al-Ḥasanī; 1885 – 17 January 1943) was a French-appointed Syrian leader and politician. He was born and raised into a family of Muslim scholars in Damascus. His father was Bader al-Din al-Hasani, one of the most respected Islamic scholars in the late nineteenth century. History The young Hasani studied Islamic theology with his father, and in 1905 became his personal assistant. He trained young students of his generation in conduct and thought. In 1912, he became a member in the committee for school reform, which was established by the Municipality of Damascus. In 1916, he became editor-in-chief of ''al-Sharq'' (''The East''), a daily newspaper published by Jamal Pasha, the Ottoman Governor of Syria. He held this position throughout World War I. When the war ended in 1918, his father delegated him to meet with King Faisal I, the first post-Ottoman ruler of Syria, and explain the conditions and needs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
