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Luis Enrique Oberto
Luis Enrique Oberto González (19 August 1928 – 8 August 2022) was a Venezuelan banker and politician who served in several high-ranking positions within the government of Venezuela. A member of COPEI, Oberto was a member of the Venezuelan Chamber of Deputies from 1979 to 1999, serving as the president of the Chamber of Deputies from 1990 until 1994. Oberto also served as the Minister of Finance and the in the government of Rafael Caldera. He then served in a number of academic positions after leaving politics. Early life and financial career Oberto was born on 19 August 1928. In 1951, he graduated from the Central University of Venezuela with a degree in civil engineering. In 1969, newly-elected president Rafael Caldera appointed Oberto as ; in this position, the U.S. Department of State considered him to be one of Venezuela's most senior government officials. From 1969 until 1972, Oberto served on the board of governors of the Inter-American Development Bank, and he al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuelan Chamber Of Deputies
The Chamber of Deputies () was the lower house of Venezuela's legislative under its 1961 constitution; the Venezuelan Senate was the upper house. Under the 1999 constitution, the bicameral system was replaced by the unicameral National Assembly of Venezuela. At the 1993 Venezuelan parliamentary election, the Chamber saw the introduction of a mixed member proportional representation system, modelled on the German system, with some variations. This replaced the previous "closed-list proportional representation system hich hadled to an extremely party-centered system." The traditionally dominant Democratic Action and COPEI "supported it because it looked the most like the system under which they had prospered".Crisp, Brian F. and Rey, Juan Carlos (2003), "The Sources of Electoral Reform in Venezuela", in Shugart, Matthew Soberg, and Martin P. Wattenberg, ''Mixed-Member Electoral Systems – The Best of Both Worlds?'', Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. pp. 173–194(22) "Seats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of Public Affairs
The Bureau of Public Affairs (PA) was the part of the United States Department of State that carries out the Secretary of State's mandate to help Americans understand the importance of foreign policy. The Bureau was led by the Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs. On May 28, 2019, the bureau merged with the Bureau of International Information Programs into the Bureau of Global Public Affairs, and the duties of the Assistant Secretary of State merged into the duties of the Assistant Secretary of State for Global Public Affairs. The PA Bureau pursues the State Department's mission to inform the American people and to feed their concerns and comments back to the policymakers. It accomplishes this in a variety of ways, which include: * Strategic and tactical planning to advance the Administration's priority foreign policy goals; * Conducting press briefings for domestic and foreign press corps; * Pursuing media outreach, enabling Americans everywhere to hear directl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Associated Press
The Associated Press (AP) is an American non-profit news agency headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1846, it operates as a cooperative, unincorporated association. It produces news reports that are distributed to its members, U.S. newspapers and broadcasters. The AP has earned 56 Pulitzer Prizes, including 34 for photography, since the award was established in 1917. It is also known for publishing the widely used '' AP Stylebook''. By 2016, news collected by the AP was published and republished by more than 1,300 newspapers and broadcasters, English, Spanish, and Arabic. The AP operates 248 news bureaus in 99 countries. It also operates the AP Radio Network, which provides newscasts twice hourly for broadcast and satellite radio and television stations. Many newspapers and broadcasters outside the United States are AP subscribers, paying a fee to use AP material without being contributing members of the cooperative. As part of their cooperative agreement with the AP, most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission For The Reform Of The State
Commission or commissioning may refer to: Business and contracting * Commission (remuneration), a form of payment to an agent for services rendered ** Commission (art), the purchase or the creation of a piece of art most often on behalf of another * A contract for performance or creation of a specific work * Commissioning, a process or service provided to validate the completeness and accuracy of a project or venture: ** Building commissioning, a quality assurance process during and following building construction ** Project commissioning, a process of assuring that all components of a facility are designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained according to the requirements of the owner or client Government Civil * A government agency, regulatory agency or statutory authority which operates under the authority of a board of commissioners, including: ** Independent agencies of the United States government *An executive branch of government, often with characteristics of other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 Venezuelan General Election
General elections were held in Venezuela on 3 December 1978. Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p555 The presidential elections were won by Luis Herrera Campins of Copei, who received 46.6% of the vote. Although Copei received more votes, Democratic Action won the most seats in the Chamber of Deputies, whilst the two parties won 21 seats each in the Senate. Voter turnout was 87.6%.Nohlen, p556 Results President Congress References {{Venezuelan elections 1978 in Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ... Elections in Venezuela Presidential elections in Venezuela Election and referendum articles with incomplete results ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Andrés Pérez
Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez (27 October 1922 – 25 December 2010) also known as CAP and often referred to as '' El Gocho'' (due to his Andean origins), was a Venezuelan politician and the president of Venezuela from 12 March 1974 to 12 March 1979 and again from 2 February 1989 to 21 May 1993. He was one of the founders of Acción Democrática, the dominant political party in Venezuela during the second half of the twentieth century. His first presidency was known as the ''Saudi Venezuela'' due to its economic and social prosperity thanks to enormous income from petroleum exportation. However, his second presidency saw a continuation of the economic crisis of the 1980s, a series of social crises, widespread riots known as Caracazo and two coup attempts in 1992. In he became the first Venezuelan president to be forced out of office by the Supreme Court on charges for the embezzlement of bolívars (roughly 2.7 million US dollars) belonging to a presidential discretion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inflation
In economics, inflation is an increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services; consequently, inflation corresponds to a reduction in the purchasing power of money. The opposite of inflation is deflation, a sustained decrease in the general price level of goods and services. The common measure of inflation is the inflation rate, the annualized percentage change in a general price index. As prices do not all increase at the same rate, the consumer price index (CPI) is often used for this purpose. The employment cost index is also used for wages in the United States. Most economists agree that high levels of inflation as well as hyperinflation—which have severely disruptive effects on the real economy—are caused by persistent excessive growth in the money supply. Views on low to moderate rates of inflation are more varied. Low or moderate inflation may be attri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuelan Economy
The economy of Venezuela is based primarily on petroleum, making the country the 25th largest producer of oil in the world and the 8th largest member of OPEC. Venezuela also manufactures and exports heavy industry products such as steel, aluminum, and cement. Other notable manufacturing includes electronics and automobiles as well as beverages and foodstuffs. Agriculture in Venezuela accounts for approximately 4.7% of GDP, 7.3% of the labor force and at least one-fourth of Venezuela's land area. Venezuela exports rice, corn, fish, tropical fruit, coffee, pork and beef. Venezuela has an estimated USD$14.3 trillion worth of natural resources and is not self-sufficient in most areas of agriculture. Exports accounted for 16.7% of GDP and petroleum products accounted for about 95% of those exports. Since the 1920s, Venezuela has been a rentier state, offering oil as its main export. From the 1950s to the early 1980s, the Venezuelan economy experienced a steady growth that attracted m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil Reserves In Venezuela
An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) & lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturated lipids that are liquid at room temperature. The general definition of oil includes classes of chemical compounds that may be otherwise unrelated in structure, properties, and uses. Oils may be animal, vegetable, or petrochemical in origin, and may be volatile or non-volatile. They are used for food (e.g., olive oil), fuel (e.g., heating oil), medical purposes (e.g., mineral oil), lubrication (e.g. motor oil), and the manufacture of many types of paints, plastics, and other materials. Specially prepared oils are used in some religious ceremonies and rituals as purifying agents. Etymology First attested in English 1176, the word ''oil'' comes from Old French ''oile'', from Latin ''oleum'', which in turn comes from the Greek (''elaion'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalization Of Oil Supplies
The nationalization of oil supplies refers to the process of confiscation of oil production operations and private property, generally for the purpose of obtaining more revenue from oil for oil-producing countries' governments. This process, which should not be confused with restrictions on crude oil exports, represents a significant turning point in the development of oil policy. Nationalization eliminates private business operations—in which private international companies control oil resources within oil-producing countries—and allows oil-producing countries to gain control of private property. Once these countries become the sole owners of these confiscated resources, they have to decide how to maximize the net present value of their known stock of oil in the ground. Several key implications can be observed as a result of oil nationalization. "On the home front, national oil companies are often torn between national expectations that they should 'carry the flag' and their own ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuelan Oil Industry
Venezuela has the world's largest proven oil reserves at an estimated 304 billion barrels (18% of global reserves) as of 2020. The country was one of the world's largest exporters of oil, but the oil industry saw a significant decline since its peak in 2012. In 2008, crude oil production in Venezuela was the tenth-highest in the world at and the country was also the eighth-largest net oil exporter in the world. Venezuela is a founding member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Pre-discovery Indigenous usage The Indigenous peoples in Venezuela, like many ancient societies already utilized crude oils and asphalts from petroleum seeps, which ooze through the ground to the surface, in the years before the Spanish conquistadors. The thick black liquid, known to the locals as ''mene'', was primarily used for medical purposes, as an illumination source, and for the caulking of canoes. Spanish acquisition Upon arrival in the early 16th century, the Spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Pitazo
''El Pitazo'' is an independent Venezuelan multimedia franchise. The name " pitazo" refers to whistleblowing. It is part of the Latin American media Rebel Alliance, with ''Tal Cual'' and Runrunes. They also collaborate with NGOs to be more informed on diverse groups of people in the nation. According to ''El País'', the aims of ''El Pitazo'' are to bring news to the most isolated areas. The company director is César Batiz. In 2019 it won the Ortega y Gasset Award for Best Multimedia Coverage, for a report on starving children, "''La generación del hambre''"" ( en, The generation of hunger). The report can be found aConnectas According to Batiz, this is the first time a Venezuelan media outlet has won the award. Censorship Reporters on an ''El Pitazo'' press pass have been denied access to events, particularly covering government activities and elections; a security guard told one reporter he barred from the National Electoral Council that the order "came from above". Actions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
