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Ludwika Sosnowska
Ludwika Sosnowska (1751 – 6 December 1836) was a Polish aristocrat, who co-translated the first physiocratic work from French to Polish, had an affair with the military engineer Tadeusz Kościuszko but ultimately married Prince Józef_Aleksander_Lubomirski, Jozef Lubomirski. Biography Born in 1751 Sosnowska was a Polish noblewoman, who was the daughter of Józef Sylwester Sosnowski, Józef Sosnowski the Hetmans_of_the_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth#Field_and_Great_Hetmans, Field Lithuanian Hetman and one of the richest men in Poland. As a young woman, Sosnowska had an affair with Tadeusz Kościuszko, who at the time was working as her tutor. She and Kościuszko tried to elope, but were thwarted by her father, who did not want her to marry Kościuszko. He was forced to leave Poland for France under the threat of death. Whilst she was Kościuszko's pupil Sosnowska and her sister made the first translation from French to Polish of a work on physiocracy. After the affair, Sosnow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nałęcz Coat Of Arms
''Nałęcz'' () is a Polish heraldry, Polish coat of arms. It was used by associated ''szlachta'' families in the Kingdom of Poland (see Kingdom of Poland (1320–1385), and Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)) and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795). History Nałęcz is a Polish coat of arms from the 12th century (like the Abdank, Leliwa, Radwan coat of arms, Radwan, and Bogorya coats of arms) that represented unity and harmony. It was used by the Gembiccy, Ostrorogowie, Szamotulscy, Chełmicki, Czarnkowscy, Slizewicz, Raczyńscy, Dworniccy, Sadowski, Łowińscy, Grąbczewscy and other families. It is traditionally described as a silver shawl, tied, on a red background. Most versions had the shawl tied downwards; some were tied upwards. Earlier versions and some modern ones depict the shawl untied. The shawl is similar in shape to the Teutonic image of Odal (rune), Rune Othila, the Rune of a Fatherland. The ''Nałęcz'' arms were in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
