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Lucius Venuleius Montanus Apronianus
Lucius Venuleius Montanus Apronianus was a Roman senator of the first century. He was suffect consul for the ''nundinium'' of January to April AD 92 with Qunintus Volusius Saturninus, replacing the emperor Domitian. The Venuleii were, in the words of Ronald Syme, "an eminent and opulent family at Pisae".Syme, ''Some Arval Brethren'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980), p. 57 Apronianus' father was Lucius Montanus, proconsul of Bithynia et Pontus in the early years of Nero's reign which was confirmed by the proper understanding of a set of inscriptions from Pisa, which also confirmed his mother's name as Laetilla.J. Scheid"Note sur les Venuleii Aproniani" ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'', 52 (1983), pp. 225-228 As Apronianus was co-opted into the Arval Brethren in 80, it makes him unique in his generation for being the only known member of that priesthood whose father was a senator. He constructed the Caldaccoli Aqueduct to Pisa in 92 AD as he was patron of the Pisan co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia, and was ruled by emperors. From the accession of Caesar Augustus as the first Roman emperor to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a Principate with Italia as the metropole of its provinces and the city of Rome as its sole capital. The Empire was later ruled by multiple emperors who shared control over the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. The city of Rome remained the nominal capital of both parts until AD 476 when the imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople following the capture of the Western capital of Ravenna by the Germanic barbarians. The adoption of Christianity as the state church of the Roman Empire in AD 380 and the fall of the Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallas (freedman)
Marcus Antonius Pallas (died AD 62) was a prominent Greek freedman and secretary during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Claudius and Nero. His younger brother was Marcus Antonius Felix, a procurator of Iudaea Province. According to Tacitus, Pallas and Felix descended from the Greek Kings of Arcadia. Pallas was originally a slave of Antonia Minor, a daughter of Mark Antony and niece of Emperor Augustus. In accordance with Roman custom, Pallas took the name of her father when freed. Josephus mentions him as the slave sent by Antonia to deliver evidence to the emperor Tiberius concerning the murder of his son Drusus Julius Caesar by Sejanus. Antonia probably manumitted Pallas between the years of 31 and 37, when he would have passed the minimum age for freedom. He is listed as owning land in Egypt during that period, possibly as a reward for his servitude. When Antonia died in 37, he became the client of her son, Claudius, as tradition dictated at the death of a former master and pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Early Imperial Roman Consuls
This is a list of consuls known to have held office, from the beginning of the Roman Republic to the latest use of the title in Imperial times, together with those magistrates of the Republic who were appointed in place of consuls, or who superseded consular authority for a limited period. Background Republican consuls From the establishment of the Republic to the time of Augustus, the consuls were the chief magistrates of the Roman state, and normally there were two of them, so that the executive power of the state was not vested in a single individual, as it had been under the kings. As other ancient societies dated historical events according to the reigns of their kings, it became customary at Rome to date events by the names of the consuls in office when the events occurred, rather than (for instance) by counting the number of years since the foundation of the city, although that method could also be used. If a consul died during his year of office, another was elected to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rutupiae
Richborough Castle is a Roman Saxon Shore fort better known as Richborough Roman Fort. It is situated in Richborough near Sandwich, Kent. Substantial remains of the massive fort walls still stand to a height of several metres. It is part of a larger Roman town called Rutupiae or Portus Ritupis that developed around the fort and the associated port. The settlement was founded after Roman conquest of Britain of Britain in AD 43. Because of its position near to a large natural harbour in the Wantsum Channel and to the mouth of the Stour, Rutupiae served as a main gateway to Roman Britain and the starting point for the road now known as Watling Street. The site is now two and half miles inland from the current coastline. Earth fortifications were first dug on the site in the 1st century, probably for a storage depot and bridgehead for the Roman army. The site expanded into a major civilian and commercial town, and the stone Saxon Shore fort was added around the year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucrinus Lacus
Lucrinus Lacus or Lucrine Lake ( it, Lago di Lucrino; nap, Laco 'e Lucrine) is a lake in Campania, southern Italy. It is less than one kilometre to the south of Lake Avernus and is separated from the Gulf of Pozzuoli by a narrow strip of land. Also known as the ''maricello'' ("little sea"), the size of present-day Lago Lucrino was significantly reduced by the rise of the volcanic cone of Monte Nuovo in 1538. The lake's modern dimensions are long and about deep. The recorded history of Lucrinus Lacus dates back to Sergius Orata, who is credited with creating the first oyster beds there. The lake was also a resort destination for residents of Baiae (cf. Martial i. 62). Its banks were covered with villas, of which the best known was Cicero's villa Cumanum on the east bank, which was the seat of his ''Academia''. The remnants of this villa, and the nearby village of Tripergole, disappeared beneath ejecta from the eruption of Monte Nuovo in 1538. According to a history by Tacit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Circeo
Monte Circeo or Cape Circeo ( it, Promontorio del Circeo , la, Mons Circeius) is a mountain promontory that marks the southwestern limit of the former Pontine Marshes, located on the southwest coast of Italy near San Felice Circeo. At the northern end of the Gulf of Gaeta, it is about long by wide at the base, running from east to west and surrounded by the sea on all sides except the north. The land to the northeast is the former ancient Pontine Marshes. Most of the ancient swamp has been reclaimed for agriculture and urban areas. The mountain, the coastal zone as far north as Latina, including the only remaining remnant of the swamp, and two of the Pontine Islands offshore, Zannone and Ponza, have been included in the Circeo National Park. Geology Although a headland, it was not formed by coastal erosion – as headlands are usually formed – but is a remnant of the orogenic processes that created the Apennines. The entire coast of Lazio, on which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juvenal
Decimus Junius Juvenalis (), known in English as Juvenal ( ), was a Roman poet active in the late first and early second century CE. He is the author of the collection of satirical poems known as the ''Satires''. The details of Juvenal's life are unclear, although references within his text to known persons of the late first and early second centuries CE fix his earliest date of composition. One recent scholar argues that his first book was published in 100 or 101. A reference to a political figure dates his fifth and final surviving book to sometime after 127. Juvenal wrote at least 16 poems in the verse form dactylic hexameter. These poems cover a range of Roman topics. This follows Lucilius—the originator of the Roman satire genre, and it fits within a poetic tradition that also includes Horace and Persius. The ''Satires'' are a vital source for the study of ancient Rome from a number of perspectives, although their comic mode of expression makes it problematic to acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massaciuccoli
Massaciuccoli is village near Lake Massaciuccoli in the municipality of Massarosa, province of Lucca. The main historical interest is the exceptional monumental baths of the ancient Roman villa complex that belonged to the patrician Venulei family. The site In antiquity Massaciuccoli was an important nexus between Pisa, Lucca and Luni: here key roads met key waterways on the lake. Not far away is a small area which was probably a stopping point for travellers on the ancient Roman road that ran along the lake. Massaciuccoli was long associated with the ancient Roman inn (''mansio'') named ''Fosse Papiriane'' in the ancient Tabula Peutingeriana, a Mediaeval copy of a Roman street map. Nevertheless, some believe that the lodging place was located instead along the road that ran through the coastal dunes (the via Aurelia or via Aemilia Scauri?). The Roman name for Massaciuccoli is still unknown. History Remains of the most ancient period attested in the excavation area are i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Venuleius Apronianus Octavius Priscus (consul 123)
Lucius Venuleius Apronianus Octavius Priscus was a Roman senator of the second century. He was ordinary consul as the colleague of Quintus Articuleius Paetinus in 123. Subsequent to his consulate, Priscus was proconsular governor of Asia in 138 and 139. He is known primarily through inscriptions. While Ronald Syme suggested that Priscus was the son of Lucius Venuleius Montanus Apronianus, suffect consul in 92, J. Schied has shown this is unlikely; nevertheless, Priscus was a member of the patrician class. Further there is "no doubt" that Priscus is the father of Lucius Venuleius Apronianus Octavius Priscus, suffect consul around 145 and ordinary consul in 168.Olli Salomies, ''Adoptive and Polyonymous Nomenclature in the Roman Empire'' (Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 1992), p. 89 The Venuleii family owned the magnificent villa-estate at Massaciuccoli Massaciuccoli is village near Lake Massaciuccoli in the municipality of Massarosa, province of Lucca. The main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vespasian
Vespasian (; la, Vespasianus ; 17 November AD 9 – 23/24 June 79) was a Roman emperor who reigned from AD 69 to 79. The fourth and last emperor who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors, he founded the Flavian dynasty that ruled the Empire for 27 years. His fiscal reforms and consolidation of the empire generated political stability and a vast Roman building program. Vespasian was the first emperor from an equestrian family and only rose later in his lifetime into the senatorial rank as the first member of his family to do so. Vespasian's renown came from his military success; he was legate of Legio II Augusta during the Roman invasion of Britain in 43 and subjugated Judaea during the Jewish rebellion of 66. While Vespasian besieged Jerusalem during the Jewish rebellion, emperor Nero committed suicide and plunged Rome into a year of civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors. After Galba and Otho perished in quick succession, Vitellius became emperor in Apri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adlecti
During the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and later, adlecti, or allecti were those who were chosen to fill up a vacancy in any office or collegium, and especially those who were chosen to fill up the proper number of the senate. As these would be generally equites, Festus defines the ''adlecti'' to be equites added to the senate: and he appears in this passage to make a distinction between the ''adlecti'' and the ''conscripti''. This distinction is supported by the summons form used to call the senate which reads ''pares'' and ''conscripti'' beginning in 509 BC. Others argue that they were the same; for in another passage, Festus gives the same definition of the conscripti as he had done of the adlecti, and Livy (ii.1) says ''conscriptos in novum senatum appellabant lectos''. The adelecti were also those persons under the empire who were admitted to the privileges and honours of the praetorship, quaestorship, aedile ''Aedile'' ( ; la, aedīlis , from , "temple edifice") was an el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acta Arvalia
The ''Acta Arvalia'' were the recorded protocols of the Arval Brothers ''(Arvales fratres)'', a priestly brotherhood ('' sodalitas'') of ancient Roman religion. The ''acta'' were inscribed in marble tablets fastened to the walls of the Temple of Dea Dia, goddess of the grove, near the present borough of the Magliana Vecchia, between the right bank of the Tiber and the hill Monte delle Piche. The oldest of the protocols are evidence of early Latin. They are mentioned by Varro. "The transcription of the records of this priesthood onto stone provided possibly the biggest coherent complex of inscriptions of the Roman ancient world," Jörg Rüpke has observed. The ''acta'' document routine rituals and special occasions, the ''vota'' of participating members, the name of the place where sacrifices occurred, and specific dates. They are an important source for ancient Roman prosopography and a useful one for the study of Rome's distinctive archaic religious traditions. Actual litu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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