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Louis Jules Mancini Mazarini
Louis-Jules Barbon Mancini-Mazarin, 10th Duke of Nevers (16 December 1716 – 25 February 1798) was a French diplomat and writer. The Duke was the sixth member elected to occupy seat No. 4 of the Académie française in 1742. In England, he was styled ''Duke of Nivernois'', whilst in Italy, where his family originated they are known as ''Mancini-Mazzarino''. Biography Mancini was born in Paris, son of Philippe Jules François Mancini (the 3rd and last duke of Nevers from 1707 until his death in 1768), and Anna Maria Spinola, whom he married in 1709. His father, Philippe, was a great-nephew of Cardinal Mazarin and a great-grandson of the famous beauty Gabrièlle de Rochechouart de Mortemart, sister of Madame de Montespan. Mancini (hyphenated Mazarin, Mazarini or Mazzarino) was educated at Lycée Louis le Grand before he joined the French Army serving in the Italian campaigns (1733) and in Bohemia (1740); but, he had to give up soldiering on account of weak health. In 1738, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini
Louis-Jules Barbon Mancini-Mazarin, 10th Duke of Nevers (16 December 1716 – 25 February 1798) was a French diplomat and writer. The Duke was the sixth member elected to occupy seat No. 4 of the Académie française in 1742. In England, he was styled ''Duke of Nivernois'', whilst in Italy, where his family originated they are known as ''Mancini-Mazzarino''. Biography Mancini was born in Paris, son of Philippe Jules François Mancini (the 3rd and last duke of Nevers from 1707 until his death in 1768), and Anna Maria Spinola, whom he married in 1709. His father, Philippe, was a great-nephew of Cardinal Mazarin and a great-grandson of the famous beauty Gabrièlle de Rochechouart de Mortemart, sister of Madame de Montespan. Mancini (hyphenated Mazarin, Mazarini or Mazzarino) was educated at Lycée Louis le Grand before he joined the French Army serving in the Italian campaigns (1733) and in Bohemia (1740); but, he had to give up soldiering on account of weak health. In 1738, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Holy Spirit
The Order of the Holy Spirit (french: Ordre du Saint-Esprit; sometimes translated into English as the Order of the Holy Ghost), is a French order of chivalry founded by Henry III of France in 1578. Today, it is a dynastic order under the House of France. It should not be confused with the Holy Ghost Fathers, Congregation of the Holy Ghost or with the religious Order of the Holy Ghost. It was the senior chivalric order of France by precedence, although not by age, since the Order of Saint Michael was established more than a century earlier. Although officially abolished by the government authorities in 1830 following the July Revolution, its activities carried on. It is still recognised by the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry. History Prior to the creation of the Order of the Holy Spirit in 1578 by King Henri III, the senior order of chivalry in France had been the Order of Saint Michael. The idea flashed to him in Venice, where he had seen the original manuscript ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Golden Fleece
The Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece ( es, Insigne Orden del Toisón de Oro, german: Orden vom Goldenen Vlies) is a Catholic order of chivalry founded in Bruges by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in 1430, to celebrate his marriage to Isabella of Portugal. Today, two branches of the order exist, namely the Spanish and the Austrian Fleece; the current grand masters are Felipe VI, King of Spain and Karl von Habsburg, head of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, respectively. The Grand Chaplain of the Austrian branch is Cardinal Christoph Schönborn, Archbishop of Vienna. The separation of the two existing branches took place as a result of the War of the Spanish Succession. The grand master of the order, Charles II of Spain (a Habsburg) had died childless in 1700, and so the succession to the throne of Spain and the Golden Fleece initiated a global conflict. On one hand, Charles, brother of the Holy Roman Emperor, claimed the crown as an agnatic member of the House of Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Of The Holy Roman Empire
Prince of the Holy Roman Empire ( la, princeps imperii, german: Reichsfürst, cf. ''Fürst'') was a title attributed to a hereditary ruler, nobleman or prelate recognised as such by the Holy Roman Emperor. Definition Originally, possessors of the princely title bore it as immediate vassals of the Emperor who held a fief (secular or ecclesiastical) that had no suzerain except the Emperor. However, by the time the Holy Roman Empire was abolished in 1806, there were a number of holders of Imperial princely titles who did not meet these criteria. Thus, there were two main types of princes: those who exercised '' Landeshoheit'' (sovereignty within one's territory while respecting the laws and traditions of the empire) as well as an individual or shared vote in the College of Princes, and those whose title was honorary (the possessor lacking an immediate Imperial fief and/or a vote in the Imperial Diet). The first came to be reckoned as "royalty" in the sense of being treated as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heir Apparent
An heir apparent, often shortened to heir, is a person who is first in an order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person; a person who is first in the order of succession but can be displaced by the birth of a more eligible heir is known as heir presumptive. Today these terms most commonly describe heirs to hereditary titles (e.g. titles of nobility) or offices, especially when only inheritable by a single person. Most monarchies refer to the heir apparent of their thrones with the descriptive term of ''crown prince'' or ''crown princess'', but they may also be accorded with a more specific substantive title: such as Prince of Orange in the Netherlands, Duke of Brabant in Belgium, Prince of Asturias in Spain (also granted to heirs presumptive), or the Prince of Wales in the United Kingdom; former titles include Dauphin in the Kingdom of France, and Tsesarevich in Imperial Russia. The term is also used metaphorically to indicate a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Hercule Timoléon De Cossé-Brissac
Louis Hercule Timoléon de Cossé-Brissac, Duke of Brissac (14 February 1734, Paris – 9 September 1792, Versailles), was a French military commander and peer of France. He was the second son and eventual heir of Jean Paul Timoléon de Cossé-Brissac, 7th Duke of Brissac, who was a Marshal of France. Life and career One of the most prominent men at the courts of Louis XV and Louis XVI, he was a Grand Panetier of France, governor of Paris, ''capitaine colonel'' of the Cent-Suisses of the Garde du Roi, and a knight in various orders. In his later years, he became the fond lover of Louis XV's last mistress Madame du Barry, who was still beautiful in her late forties. In 1791, he became commander in chief of the King's Constitutional Guard. On 29 May 1792, the Assembly dissolved this corps, suspecting it of royalist and counter-revolutionary sympathies and accusing Cossé-Brissac of encouraging this and writing a speech ordering his men to go over to the king. He was sent to pris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louise De Lorraine
Louise of Lorraine (Louise Henriette Gabrielle; 30 December 1718 – 5 September 1788) was a French noblewoman and member of the House of Lorraine. She married into the House of La Tour d'Auvergne and was Duchess of Bouillon. Biography Born to Charles Louis de Lorraine, Count of Marsan, Prince of Mortagne, and his wife Élisabeth de Roquelaure, she was the second of four children. Her younger brother, ''Gaston'' Jean Baptiste Charles, was the husband of Marie Louise de Rohan,Marie Louise was the only daughter of Jules, Prince de Soubise and Anne Julie de Melun and Governess of the Children of France future governess of Louis XVI and his siblings. Gaston died of Smallpox aged twenty two. Her younger brother was Camille, Prince of Marsan. She was known simply as Louise. Styled ''Mademoiselle de Marsan'' prior to her marriage, as a male line descendant of the House of Lorraine she was entitled to the style of ''Highness''. She was a Canoness of the prestigious Remiremont Abb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis-Camille De Lorraine, Comte De Marsan
Camille de Lorraine (Louis Camille; 18 December 1725 – 12 April 1780) was a French nobleman and House of Lorraine, Prince of Lorraine. He was known as the ''Prince of Marsan'' and after the death of his father, was the Count of Marsan. Biography Born the youngest child of four, his father was Charles Louis de Lorraine, Prince of Pons. His mother was Élisabeth de Roquelaur. His mother was a daughter of the famous Antoine Gaston de Roquelaure, maréchal de Roquelaure. As a member of the House of Guise, a cadet branch of the House of Lorraine, he was a Foreign Prince in France and as such was given the style of ''Highness''. He was the last male of the Lorraine Counts of Marsan. He was the Prince of Puyguilhem, but never used the title. Known simply as ''le prince Camille'', he was styled as the Prince of Marsan, his older brother Gaston was the Count of Marsan. His brother died of smallpox in 1743 and the county of Marsan reverted to the family. Even after his father's death ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belle Île
Belle-Île, Belle-Île-en-Mer, or Belle Isle ( br, Ar Gerveur, ; br, label=Old Breton, Guedel) is a French island off the coast of Brittany in the ''département'' of Morbihan, and the largest of Brittany's islands. It is from the Quiberon peninsula. Administratively, the island is divided into four communes: * Bangor * Le Palais * Locmaria * Sauzon Belle-Île formed a canton until 2015 when it was merged into the canton of Quiberon as part of a general overhaul. Geography The island measures and has an average elevation of . The area is about . The coasts are a mixture between dangerously sharp cliff edges on the southwest side, the ''Côte Sauvage'' ("wild coast"), and placid beaches, the largest being ''les Grands Sables'' ("the great sands") and navigable harbours on the northeast side. The island's climate is oceanic, having less rain and milder winters than on the mainland. The two main ports are Le Palais (accessible by ferry from Quiberon, Port-Navalo and Vanne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Fouquet
Nicolas Fouquet, marquis de Belle-Île, vicomte de Melun et Vaux (27 January 1615 – 23 March 1680) was the Superintendent of Finances in France from 1653 until 1661 under King Louis XIV. He had a glittering career, and acquired enormous wealth. He fell out of favor, accused of peculation (maladministration of the state's funds) and ''lèse-majesté'' (actions harmful to the well-being of the monarch). The king had him imprisoned from 1661 until his death in 1680. Early life Nicolas Fouquet was born in Paris to an influential family of the ''noblesse de robe'' (members of the nobility under the Ancien Régime who had high positions in government, especially in law and finance). He was the second child of François IV Fouquet (who held numerous high positions in government) and of Marie de Maupeou (who came from a family of the ''noblesse de robe'' and who was famous for her piety and charitable works).:18–23, Contrary to the pretensions of the family, the Fouquets did not com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
