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Loon Op Zand Castle
Loon op Zand Castle, is a castle in Loon op Zand, in the Dutch Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Brabant. The current building looks like a manor, but is actually the keep of a medieval castle. The Castle The current castle Nowadays Loon op Zand Castle is formed by a main building and a courtyard flanked by two auxiliary buildings. The main building primarily consists of remains of the former keep. The courtyard is north of main building, and is not a successor to the medieval outer bailey, which was south east of the main building. The foundations of this outer bailey might still be present underground. The main building seems a regular rectangle, but was actually built in two phases. This is shown on the basement level, where the north façade east of the bridge is 20 cm backwards. The windows on the basement level date from the 1663 reconstruction. Those on the ground and first floor date from the 1776-1777 reconstruction. The basement still contains w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loon Op Zand
Loon op Zand () is a municipality and a village in the southern Netherlands. It had a population of in . The western part of national park the Loonse en Drunense Duinen is located in the municipality of Loon op Zand. Population centres Topography ''Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Loon op Zand, June 2015.'' Kaatsheuvel Kaatsheuvel is the location of the amusement park Efteling. Loon op Zand Loon op Zand is the oldest village of the municipality. Somewhere around the year 1000, this village was founded in a very wet and swampy area. There was also a lot of drift-sand whose origin, according to geological experts, dates back to the last ice age. As of this moment, Loon op Zand has the biggest driftsand area in all of western Europe. The presence of this driftsand explains the name of Loon op Zand. It means Village build on sand. Historically, the presence of this driftsand has caused the relocation of the village on several times. Hinerland farmers build man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bokhoven Castle
Bokhoven Castle was a big defendable castle in Bokhoven, the Netherlands. A moat and part of the northern wall of the outer bailey are all that reminds of the castle. Construction The date that Bokhoven Castle was founded is not known, but is somewhere in the fourteenth century. A possible date is about 1365, when the Lordship Bokhoven became a loan of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. This allegiance also made it a buffer between the County of Holland to the west, the Duchy of Brabant and its city 's-Hertogenbosch and the Duchy of Guelders to the north. Excavations in 1988 and 2001 found that the castle had been built on a ridge created by the Meuse (). The ridge was already populated in the 12th or 13th century. A farm might have preceded the castle. The construction history was rather easy to determine. The main castle dated from the 14th century, the outer bailey from the 15th century. In about 1500 the outer bailey was extended to the west, and a gate building was added. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rijksdienst Voor Het Cultureel Erfgoed
Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE, Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands) often abbreviated as Cultureel Erfgoed, is a Dutch heritage organisation working for the protection and conservation of National Heritage Sites. It is located in Amersfoort, province of Utrecht. Responsibilities Cultureel Erfgoed is a department of the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. Their responsibilities include managing the official list of Rijksmonumenten known as the ''Monumentenregister'', (the storage and restoration of) the National art collection of the Netherlands, the National Archaeological Ship storage and fleet, and ''Archis'', the central archaeological information system. They also subsidize grants in the fields of both movable and immovable cultural heritage. The RCE carries out the Dutch law known as the "Monumentenwet 1988" (English: ''Cultural property law''), and wherever registered cultural heritage is threatened, the department takes action, whether b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
States-provincial
The provincial council (, PS), also known as the States Provincial, is the provincial parliament and legislative assembly in each of the provinces of the Netherlands. It is elected for each province simultaneously once every four years and has the responsibility for matters of sub-national or regional importance. The number of seats in a provincial council is proportional to its population. The provincial councils originated as Estates assemblies in the Middle Ages, hence the name 'States Provincial'. From 1813 to 1850, the noble members of the ''ridderschap'' chose one-third of the members of the provincial councils. Johan Rudolf Thorbecke's reforms and his 'Provinces Law' (''Provinciewet'') of 1850 brought this privilege to an end. The provincial council chooses the provincial executive, which is the executive organ of the province. Originally, the States Provincial themselves also had executive powers and chose the provincial executive from among their own members. On 11 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonkheer
(female equivalent: ; french: Écuyer; en, Squire) is an honorific in the Low Countries denoting the lowest rank within the nobility. In the Netherlands, this in general concerns a prefix used by the untitled nobility. In Belgium, this is the lowest title within the nobility system, recognised by the Court of Cassation (Belgium), Court of Cassation. It is the cognate and equivalent of the German noble honorific , which was historically used throughout the German-speaking part of Europe, and to some extent also within Scandinavia. The abbreviation of the honorific is ''jhr.'', and that of the female equivalent ''jkvr.'', which is placed before the given name and titles. Honorific of nobility or is literally translated as 'young lord' or 'young lady'. In the Middle Ages, such a person was a young and unmarried child of a high-ranking knight or nobleman. Many noble families could not support all their sons to become a knight, because of the expensive equipment. So the eldest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clandestine Church
A clandestine church ( nl, schuilkerk), defined by historian Benjamin J. Kaplan as a "semi-clandestine church", is a house of worship used by religious minorities whose communal worship is tolerated by those of the majority faith on condition that it is discreet and not conducted in public spaces. ''Schuilkerken'' are commonly built inside houses or other buildings, and do not show a public façade to the street. They were an important advance in religious tolerance in the wake of the Reformation, an era when worship services conducted by minority faiths were often banned and sometimes penalized by exile or execution. History According to historian Benjamin Kaplan, clandestine churches became common in Europe in the wake of the Reformation as a way for governments to permit a degree of religious toleration for minority Christian denominations and Jews. Both political and religious considerations frequently led governments to ban all worship not sanctioned by the state, and in ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haveluy
Haveluy () is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. Heraldry See also *Communes of the Nord department The following is a list of the 648 communes of the Nord department of the French Republic. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Nord (French department) {{Nord-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meierij Van 's-Hertogenbosch
The Meierij van 's-Hertogenbosch (; Dutch for "Bailiwick of 's-Hertogenbosch") was one of the four parts of the Duchy of Brabant, the others being the Margraviate of Antwerp, the County of Brussels and the County of Leuven/Louvain. Located in the current-day Netherlands, it acquired its name from the bailiff of 's-Hertogenbosch, who administered the area in the name of the Dukes of Brabant. The ''Meierij'' roughly corresponds to the larger province of North Brabant. The capital city of North Brabant and the most important city of the bailiwick is 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch for 'the Duke's Forest'), also known as Den Bosch ('The Forest') or Bois-le-Duc (French name). Other parts of the bailiwick are the so-called ''Vier Kwartieren'' (four quarters): * Oisterwijk kwartier (with main city Oisterwijk) * Kempenland kwartier (with main city Oirschot and later Eindhoven) * Peelland kwartier (with main city Sint Oedenrode) * Maasland kwartier (with main city Oss) In the northeast of the ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Farnese, Duke Of Parma
Alexander Farnese ( it, Alessandro Farnese, es, Alejandro Farnesio; 27 August 1545 – 3 December 1592) was an Italian noble and condottiero and later a general of the Spanish army, who was Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro from 1586 to 1592, as well as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1578 to 1592. Thanks to a steady influx of troops from Spain, during 1581–1587 Farnese captured more than thirty towns in the south (now Belgium) and returned them to the control of Catholic Spain. During the French Wars of Religion he relieved Paris for the Catholics. His talents as a field commander, strategist and organizer earned him the regard of his contemporaries and military historians as the first captain of his age. Early life: 1545-1577 Alessandro, born August 27, 1545, was the son of Duke Ottavio Farnese of Parma (a grandchild of Pope Paul III) and Margaret, the illegitimate daughter of the King of Spain and Habsburg Emperor Charles V. He had a twin brother, Carlo, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Ernst I Von Mansfeld-Vorderort
Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort (20 July 1517 – 25 May 1604) was a Spanish Empire, Spanish Imperial army commander of Germans, German origin and Governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1592 to 1594. Born in Heldrungen, Saxony, he was the 11th child (of 16) of Ernest II, Count of Mansfeld-Vorderort. His mother was Ernest II's second wife, Dorothea von Solms-Lich. ''Peter Ernst, Graf von Mansfeld-Friedeburg'' Military career As a young man, Peter Ernst came to the Spanish Netherlands with Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. He participated in the Conquest of Tunis (1535), expedition against Tunis in 1535 and became governor of Luxembourg in 1545. He was made a knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1546. In the Eighty Years' War, he took part in combat under John of Austria, the illegitimate half-brother o ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Crèvecoeur (Netherlands)
Fort Crèvecoeur was a Dutch fortress near 's-Hertogenbosch. It is now used as a military exercise terrain. First Fort Crèvecoeur Eighty Years War Fort Crèvecoeur was founded during the Eighty Years' War. In 1587 the main campaign was centered around the Siege of Sluis in Zeeland. A smaller part of the States' army under Philip of Hohenlohe came in action near 's-Hertogenbosch. Hohenlohe first took the Loon op Zand Castle, and plundered some villages. He then made a ship bridge over the Meuse and started to besiege the Sconce of Engelen. The Spanish Netherlands therefore sent Claude de Berlaymont lord of Haultpenne to the area with 42 companies of foot and 25 squadrons of cavalry. He attacked Hohenlohe in order to lift the siege, but was defeated. Haultpenne himself was wounded, and on 14 July he died from his wounds in 's-Hertogenbosch. Hohenlohe then conquered the Sconce of Engelen, and razed it. On the place 'where the battle was fought' Hohenlohe somewhat later con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude De Berlaymont
Claude de Berlaymont (or Claudius van Barlaymont), lord of Haultpenne (ca. 1550 – 14 July 1587) was a Flemish military commander in Spain's Army of Flanders during the Eighty Years' War. Family He was the seventh and last son of count Charles de Berlaymont (1510–1578) and Adriana de Ligne Barbançon. His father was a supporter and councilor to Margaret of Parma; he is reported to have referred to the Dutch citizens requesting the Compromise of Nobles as "geuzen" (beggars), an appellation the Dutch proudly adopted. Siblings * Gilles of Berlaymont, count of Hierges, Statholder of Friesland (1572–1574 ), Guelders (1572–1577), Groningen 1572–1574. He died in the Siege of Maastricht (1579). *John of Berlaymont, Provost of the Saint Gervais, in Maastricht, and a member of the Cathedral chapter in Liege. *Charles of Berlaymont, Knight of Malta in 1554 *Louis of Berlaymont (? – 15 February 1596), Archbishop of Cambrai *Lancelot of Berlaymont, Lord of Beauraing *Florent o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
