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Lomé–Kpalimé Railway
The Lomé–Kpalimé railway was the second railway line built in today's Togo. It was also called ' or ' (cocoa railway). History The railway line was built during the German colonial era. Planning started in 1902, and construction began in 1904. Construction was financed through a 7.8 million Mark loan to the protectorate, with an interest rate of 3.5%. The german company '' Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg'' was entrusted with the construction and the operation left to ' Noepe was reached in 1905; Kpalimé was reached in 1907. The line opened on 27 January 1907, the birthday of Wilhelm II. It was built in meter gauge, had a length of and was accompanied by a telephone line. The level crossings were equipped with signals to ring bells. The line used the station at Lomé of the Lomé–Aného railway as a terminus. Besides the transport of cocoa, the line also served as transportation method for oil palm products. From 1 April 1908, both lines were leased to the ' (German co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lomé–Aného Railway
The Lomé–Aného railway was the first Rail transport, railway in the German colonial empire, German protectorate of Togoland. Over a length of 44 kilometers, it connected the administrative center of Lomé with the coastal town of Aného. Colloquially, the coastal railway was also called (coconut railway) – coconut trees grew on the dunes between the beach and the lagoon; Elaeis guineensis, oil palm products were often transport goods. Transport before the construction of the rail line Draft animals were seldom used in south Togo, as the Surra-epizootic spread there. Due to the absence of natural harbors and because of the dangerous Breaking wave, breakers, coastal shipping was little developed. Transport was only carried out by boats on the inland waters near the coast and by carriers. Even when the German colonialists introduced wagons after the seizure of the country in 1884, many of them were pulled by Africans with their muscle power. Planning The construction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeis Guineensis
''Elaeis guineensis'' is a species of Arecaceae, palm commonly just called oil palm but also sometimes African oil palm or macaw-fat. The first Western world, Western person to describe it and bring back seeds was the French naturalist Michel Adanson.Jean-Marie Pelt, « Michel Adanson, le baobab et les coquillages », dans ''La Cannelle et le panda : les grands naturalistes explorateurs autour du Monde'', Fayard, 1999 . It is native to West Africa, west and Southern Africa, southwest Africa, specifically the area between Angola and The Gambia; the species name, ''guineensis'', refers to the name for the Guinea (region), area called Guinea, and not the Guinea, modern country Guinea now bearing that name. The species is also now naturalised in Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia, Central America, Cambodia, the West Indies, and several islands in the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Oceans. The closely related American oil palm ''Elaeis oleifera, E. oleifera'' and a more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metre-gauge Railways In Togo
Metre-gauge railways ( US: meter-gauge railways) are narrow-gauge railways with track gauge of or 1 metre. Metre gauge is used in around of tracks around the world. It was used by several European colonial powers including France, Britain and Germany in their colonies. In Europe, large metre-gauge networks remain in use in Switzerland, Spain and many European towns with urban trams, but most metre-gauge local railways in France, Germany and Belgium closed down in the mid-20th century, although some still remain. With the revival of urban rail transport, metre-gauge light metros were built in some cities. The slightly-wider gauge is used in Sofia, Bulgaria. Another similar gauge is . __TOC__ Examples of metre-gauge See also * Italian metre gauge * Narrow-gauge railways A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge (distance between the rails) narrower than . Most narrow-gauge railways are between and . Since narrow-gaug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rail Transport In Togo
Rail transport in Togo consists of (2014) of railway. Operators Trains are operated by (SNCT), which was established as a result of the restructuring and renaming of from 1997 to 1998. Between Hahotoé and the port of Kpémé, the (CTMB) operated phosphate trains. Lines * Lomé–Aného railway * Lomé–Blitta railway * Lomé–Kpalimé railway *Hahotoé–Kpémé railway (operated by CTMB) Towns served by rail * Lomé - port and national capital * Blitta - terminus of the Lomé–Blitta railway Railway links with adjacent countries * Burkina Faso - no - same gauge * Benin - no - same gauge * Ghana - no - break-of-gauge / . Standards * Coupling – Centre buffer and two side chains * Brakes – Vacuum brake * Maximum speed – up to 35 km/h History *Construction of the first railway line in Togo, the Lomé–Aného railway, began in 1904. *In 1980, the average distance travelled by one person was 50 kilometers. *A siding across the border from a cement plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Law
International law, also known as public international law and the law of nations, is the set of Rule of law, rules, norms, Customary law, legal customs and standards that State (polity), states and other actors feel an obligation to, and generally do, obey in their mutual relations. In international relations, actors are simply the individuals and collective entities, such as states, International organization, international organizations, and non-state groups, which can make behavioral choices, whether lawful or unlawful. Rules are formal, typically written expectations that outline required behavior, while norms are informal, often unwritten guidelines about appropriate behavior that are shaped by custom and social practice. It establishes norms for states across a broad range of domains, including war and diplomacy, Trade, economic relations, and human rights. International law differs from state-based List of national legal systems, domestic legal systems in that it operates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language
French ( or ) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European family. Like all other Romance languages, it descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. French evolved from Northern Old Gallo-Romance, a descendant of the Latin spoken in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien language, Francien) largely supplanted. It was also substratum (linguistics), influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul and by the Germanic languages, Germanic Frankish language of the post-Roman Franks, Frankish invaders. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 16th century onward, it was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, and numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole, were established. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold Coast (British Colony)
The Gold Coast was a British Empire, British Crown colony on the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa from 1821 until its independence in 1957 as Ghana. The term Gold Coast is also often used to describe all of the four separate jurisdictions that were under the administration of the Governor of the Gold Coast. These were the Gold Coast itself, Ashanti (Crown Colony), Ashanti, the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, Northern Territories protectorate and the British Togoland, British Togoland trust territory. The first European explorers to arrive at the coast were the Portuguese in 1471. They encountered a variety of African kingdoms, some of which controlled substantial deposits of gold in the soil. In 1483, the Portuguese came to the continent for increased trade. They built the Castle of Elmina, the first European settlement on the Gold Coast. From here they acquired slavery, slaves and gold in trade for European goods, such as metal knives, beads, mirrors, rum, and guns. News ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandate (international Law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding Law of obligations, obligation issued from an International organization, inter-governmental organisation (e.g. the United Nations) to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organisation. Before the creation of the United Nations, all mandates were issued from the League of Nations. An example of such a mandate would be Australian New Guinea, officially known as the Territory of Papua. See also * League of Nations mandate * UN Mandate References International law Law of obligations {{International-law-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of Nations
The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference that ended the World War I, First World War. The main organisation ceased operations on 18 April 1946 when many of its components were relocated into the new United Nations (UN) which was created in the aftermath of the World War II, Second World War. As the template for modern global governance, the League profoundly shaped the modern world. The League's primary goals were stated in its Covenant of the League of Nations, eponymous Covenant. They included preventing wars through collective security and Arms control, disarmament and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration. Its other concerns included labour conditions, just treatment of native inhabitants, Human trafficking, human and Illegal drug tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First World War
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlantic, North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and List of islands of France, many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean, giving it Exclusive economic zone of France, one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north; Germany to the northeast; Switzerland to the east; Italy and Monaco to the southeast; Andorra and Spain to the south; and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the northwest. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its Regions of France, eighteen integral regions—five of which are overseas—span a combined area of and hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
