Little Brosna River
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Little Brosna River
The Little Brosna River ( ga, An Bhrosnach Bheag) rises near Dunkerrin, County Offaly, Ireland. It flows for 36 miles before joining the River Shannon. Course The river rises near Dunkerrin, and flows near Birr; it forms part of the boundary between County Offaly and County Tipperary. It crosses an area of limestone, then passes through an area of callow before merging with the easternmost of four channels of the Shannon near Victoria Lock, by Clonahenoge and facing Meelick. Tributaries The most significant tributary is the River Camcor at Birr, while others include the Pallas Stream, Bunow River, Clareen Stream, Golden Grove Stream and Keeloge Stream. Bridges Sharavogue Bridge, built in the early 1850s, carries the R492 road over the river which here forms the boundary between the townlands of Sharavogue and Ballincor Demesne. The bridge is listed as being of architectural and technical interest. Railway Bridge at Glasderry More is a latticed metal bridge carrying the ...
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Riverstown (near Birr)
Riverstown () is a small village straddling the border between Counties Tipperary and Offaly on the outskirts of Birr in Ireland. It is mostly within the townland of Ballyloughnane, on the Tipperary side of the river. Riverstown lies at the point where the N52 national secondary road crosses the Little Brosna River, a tributary of the River Shannon, by a 300-year-old five-arch bridge, the Little Brosna here forming the border between the two counties. The bridge was described in the Civil Survey of 1654-6 as the 'old bridge of Beallanadarragh'. Buildings of note Castle View House (1810–30) is a detached two store over basement home of three bays. It is listed on the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage as being of Architectural interest. Terrace of two storey mill worker houses. A terrace of eight houses built around 1800 to accommodate workers from Riverstown flour mill. Presently configured as four homes. Rivertown House, a detached two storey house dating from ...
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Derrinsallow
Derrinsallow (''Doirín Salach'' in Irish language, Irish) is a townland in the historical Barony (Ireland), Barony of Ormond Lower, County Tipperary, Republic of Ireland, Ireland. It is located North-West of Birr, County Offaly, Birr on the south-west bank of the Little Brosna River within the civil parishes in Ireland, civil parish of Dorrha. The Little Brosna River provided power to the 19th century corn mills at Derrinsallow which although now in ruins are mentioned in the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. The mill race is a popular fishing area. A triple arched limestone bridge from the 19th century crosses the river here. References

Townlands of County Tipperary {{Tipperary-geo-stub ...
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Special Areas Of Conservation
A Special Area of Conservation (SAC) is defined in the European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the ''Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora''. They are to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in annex I and II of the directive which are considered to be of European interest following criteria given in the directive. They must be chosen from the Sites of Community Importance by the member states and designated SAC by an act assuring the conservation measures of the natural habitat. SACs complement Special Protection Areas and together form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000. This, in turn, is part of the Emerald network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) under the Berne Convention. Assessment methodology in the United Kingdom Prior to being designated as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), sites have been assessed under a two-stage process ...
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Raised Bog
Raised bogs, also called ombrotrophic bogs, are acidic, wet habitats that are poor in mineral salts and are home to flora and fauna that can cope with such extreme conditions. Raised bogs, unlike fens, are exclusively fed by precipitation ( ombrotrophy) and from mineral salts introduced from the air. They thus represent a special type of bog, hydrologically, ecologically and in terms of their development history, in which the growth of peat mosses over centuries or millennia plays a decisive role. They also differ in character from blanket bogs which are much thinner and occur in wetter, cloudier climatic zones. Raised bogs are very threatened by peat cutting and pollution by mineral salts from the surrounding land (due to agriculture and industry). The last great raised bog regions are found in western Siberia and Canada. Terminology The term raised bog derives from the fact that this type of bog rises in height over time as a result of peat formation. They are like sponges o ...
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County Laois
County Laois ( ; gle, Contae Laoise) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and in the province of Leinster. It was known as Queen's County from 1556 to 1922. The modern county takes its name from Loígis, a medieval kingdom. Historically, it has also been known as County Leix. Laois County Council is the local authority for the county. At the 2022 census, the population of the county was 91,657, an increase of 56% since the 2002 census. History Prehistoric The first people in Laois were bands of hunters and gatherers who passed through the county about 8,500 years ago. They hunted in the forests that covered Laois and fished in its rivers, gathering nuts and berries to supplement their diets. Next came Ireland's first farmers. These people of the Neolithic period (4000 to 2500 BC) cleared forests and planted crops. Their burial mounds remain in Clonaslee and Cuffsborough. Starting around 2500 BC, the people of the Bronze Age lived in Laois. Th ...
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Water Management
Water resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful for humans, for example as a source of drinking water supply or irrigation water. 97% of the water on the Earth is salt water and only three percent is fresh water; slightly over two thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps. The remaining unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater, with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air. Natural sources of fresh water include surface water, under river flow, groundwater and frozen water. Artificial sources of fresh water can include treated wastewater (wastewater reuse) and desalinated seawater. Human uses of water resources include agricultural, industrial, household, recreational and environmental activities. Water resources are under threat from water scarcity, water pollution, water conflict and climate change. Fresh water is a renewable resource, yet the world's supply of groundwater is steadily decreasing, with depletion o ...
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Brosna, County Offaly
Brosna () is a small village and townland in County Offaly, Ireland. It lies in the valley of the Little Brosna River less than one kilometer off the N62 national secondary road. As of the 2011 census, Brosna townland had a population of 31 people. The area takes its named from the Little Brosna River The Little Brosna River ( ga, An Bhrosnach Bheag) rises near Dunkerrin, County Offaly, Ireland. It flows for 36 miles before joining the River Shannon. Course The river rises near Dunkerrin, and flows near Birr; it forms part of the boundary ..., which flows through the townland. Architecture Brosna House, an early 19th-century two-storey house located at the roadside, is listed as being of architectural interest. A late 19th-century cast iron water pump also stands in the village. Gloster House hotel and wedding venue is also located in the area. See also * List of towns and villages in Ireland References {{reflist Towns and villages in County Offaly Townlands of ...
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Shinrone
Shinrone () is a village in County Offaly, Ireland. It is in the southernmost part of the county, close to the border with County Tipperary. It lies at the junction of the R491 regional road between Nenagh and Roscrea with the R492 to Sharavogue. At the 2016 census, the village population was 645. Sport The local GAA team of the parish is Shinrone GAA. The club is concerned with the game of hurling. Their playing field is St. Mary's Park, in the middle of the village. The club has a strong association with providing Inter-County hurlers with Offaly such as Brendan Keeshan. Shinrone fields teams from under-5 to senior and have had underage success. On 2 October 2022, the clubs senior team made village history when they won their first ever Offaly Senior Hurling Championship, by beating Kilcormac/Killoughey GAA in the final played in O'Connor Park, Tullamore. Shinrone Camogie club also play, and have won numerous offaly senior Camogie Championships. Their best known player ...
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Stone Loach
The stone loach (''Barbatula barbatula'') is a European species of fresh water ray-finned fish in the family Nemacheilidae. It is one of nineteen species in the genus ''Barbatula''. Stone loaches live amongst the gravel and stones of fast flowing water where they can search for food. The most distinctive feature of this small fish is the presence of barbels around the bottom jaw, which they use to detect their invertebrate prey. The body is a mixture of brown, green and yellow. Found in the North eastern states of India Description The stone loach is a small, slender bottom-dwelling fish that can grow to a length of , but typically is around . Its eyes are situated high on its head and it has three pairs of short barbels on its lower jaw below its mouth. It has a rounded body that is not much laterally flattened and is a little less deep in the body than the spined loach (''Cobitis taenia'') and lacks that fish's spines beneath the eye. It has rounded dorsal and caudal fins with ...
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Salmon
Salmon () is the common name for several list of commercially important fish species, commercially important species of euryhaline ray-finned fish from the family (biology), family Salmonidae, which are native to tributary, tributaries of the North Atlantic (genus ''Salmo'') and North Pacific (genus ''Oncorhynchus'') basin. Other closely related fish in the same family include trout, Salvelinus, char, Thymallus, grayling, Freshwater whitefish, whitefish, lenok and Hucho, taimen. Salmon are typically fish migration, anadromous: they hatch in the gravel stream bed, beds of shallow fresh water streams, migrate to the ocean as adults and live like sea fish, then return to fresh water to reproduce. However, populations of several species are restricted to fresh water throughout their lives. Folklore has it that the fish return to the exact spot where they hatched to spawn (biology), spawn, and tracking studies have shown this to be mostly true. A portion of a returning salmon run ma ...
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