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List Of Prime Ministers Of Portugal
The prime minister of the Portuguese Republic ( pt, primeiro-ministro da República Portuguesa) is the head of the Government of Portugal. They coordinate the actions of all ministers, represent the Government as a whole, report their actions and is accountable to the Assembly of the Republic, and keep the president of the Republic informed. There is no limit to the number of mandates as prime minister. They are appointed by the president of the Republic, after the legislative elections and after an audience with every leader of a party represented at the Assembly. It is usual for the leader of the party which receives a plurality of votes in the elections to be named prime minister. The official residence of the prime minister is a mansion next to São Bento Palace, which, in confusion, is also often called "São Bento Palace", although many prime ministers did not live in the palace during their full mandate. History The origins of present office of prime minister of Por ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro De Sousa Holstein, 1st Duke Of Palmela
D. Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Duke of Faial and Palmela (8 May 1781–12 October 1850) was one of the most important Portuguese diplomats and statesmen in the first half of the 19th century. He also served as the country's first modern Prime Minister (with the title of "President of the Council of Ministers"). Early life and career He was born in Turin, a scion of the Portuguese de Sousa family, Lords of Calhariz. The 'Holstein' element of his family name came from his paternal grandmother Princess Maria Anna Leopoldine of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, daughter of Frederick William I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck. His uncle had been governor of Portuguese India. He earned notoriety at an early age by telling Napoleon to his face at the conference in Bayonne in 1808 that the Portuguese would not ‘consent to become Spaniards’ as the French Emperor wanted. He was Portuguese plenipotentiary to the Congress of Vienna in 1814, where he attempted to pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5 October 1910 Revolution
The 5 October 1910 revolution was the overthrow of the centuries-old List of Portuguese monarchs, Portuguese monarchy and its replacement by the First Portuguese Republic. It was the result of a ''coup d'état'' organized by the Portuguese Republican Party. By 1910, the Kingdom of Portugal was in deep crisis: national anger over the 1890 British Ultimatum, the royal family's expenses, the Lisbon Regicide, assassination of the King and his heir in 1908, changing religious and social views, instability of the two political parties (Progressive Party (Portugal), Progressive and Regenerator Party, Regenerador), the dictatorship of João Franco, and the regime's apparent inability to adapt to modern times all led to widespread resentment against the Monarchy. The proponents of the republic, particularly the Republican Party, found ways to take advantage of the situation. The Republican Party presented itself as the only one that had a programme that was capable of returning to the cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progressive Party (Portugal)
The Progressive Party (Portuguese: ''Partido Progressista''), along with their opponent the Partido Regenerador, was a political party in Portugal during the constitutional monarchy at the end of the 19th century. Ideology It developed from the Pact of Granja (7 September 1876), which fused the Historic Party and the Reformist Party, which both espoused liberal ideals, and had political opinions counter the Regenerator Party's leader (which included both left-leaning and conservative members), Fontes Pereira de Melo. At the time, the Progressista and Regenerator parties were sociological and psychological different entities, causing factionalist divisions in society. A good example of this breach occurred in Seixal, where two philharmonic bands were established that supported the ''Partido Regenerador'', the Timbre Seixalense, and the Sociedade Filarmónica União Seixalense (created in 1871), which supported the ''Partido Progressista''. The Progressistas (as they were refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformist Party (Portugal)
The Reformist Party ( pt, Partido Reformista) was a Portuguese political party during the Portuguese First Republic, founded in the 1920s by the left-wing of the Democratic Party. Defunct political parties in Portugal Liberal parties in Portugal Political parties with year of disestablishment missing Political parties with year of establishment missing Radical parties Republicanism in Portugal {{Portugal-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historic Party
The Historic Party ( Portuguese: ''Partido Histórico'') was a Portuguese political party active between 1852 and 1876. It was founded by the 1st Duke of Loulé as new opposition to the new Regenerator Party, which had consolidated the Cartista political forces in the wake of the Regeneration, a military insurrection which overthrew the Septembrist government of Costa Cabral. It integrated the opposition to the governments of the 1st Duke of Saldanha, and won a majority in the first election it contested in 1856. It was led from its inception in the wake of the defeat of the Progressive Historic Party in the 1852 election, by the 1st Duke of Loulé, who continued to represent the party until his death in 1875, leading several Historic governments. Upon the death of the 1st Duke of Loulé, the Historic Party and the Reformist Party agreed on the Granja Pact, which merged the two parties into the Progressive Party, under the leadership of Anselmo José Braamcamp Ans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regenerator Party
The Regenerator Party ( Portuguese: ''Partido Regenerador'') was a Portuguese political party. Along with their "rivals" the Progressive Party, they dominated politics in the Kingdom of Portugal The Kingdom of Portugal ( la, Regnum Portugalliae, pt, Reino de Portugal) was a monarchy in the western Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic. Existing to various extents between 1139 and 1910, it was also kn ... in the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century. The Regenerator, Progressist, and other political parties in the late Kingdom of Portugal were all run by friends of the king. References 19th-century establishments in Portugal Defunct political parties in Portugal Political parties established in the 19th century Conservative parties in Portugal {{Portugal-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartismo
Cartista was a Portuguese form of Chartism which arose after the Portuguese Liberal Revolution of 1820. Members supported the Constitutional Charter of 1826 granted by Peter IV of Portugal, which was an attempt to reduce the conflicts created by the revolution. This was a less radical charter than the Constitution of 1822. Portuguese chartism was quite different from both European and British chartism, and was in some ways antithetical, as they believed in a liberal-conservative ideology. A scathing contemporary description defined them as either personal enemies of Don Miguel, or were simply acting out of self-interest. By 1851, the chartists successfully carried out a military coup against Cabral. The party became part of a power-sharing agreement with Partido Progressista, which became the basis of the system of "rotativism", where they took turns ruling Portugal Background Following the Peninsular War, when the monarchy had remained transplanted in Brazil and continental ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese First Republic
The First Portuguese Republic ( pt, Primeira República Portuguesa; officially: ''República Portuguesa'', Portuguese Republic) spans a complex 16-year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May 1926 ''coup d'état''. The latter movement instituted a military dictatorship known as '' Ditadura Nacional'' (national dictatorship) that would be followed by the corporatist '' Estado Novo'' (new state) regime of António de Oliveira Salazar. The sixteen years of the First Republic saw nine presidents and 44 ministries, and were altogether more of a transition between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Estado Novo than they were a coherent period of governance. Religion The First Republic was intensely anti-clerical. Historian Stanley Payne points out, "The majority of Republicans took the position that Catholicism was the number one enemy of individualist middle-class radicalis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution ( pt, Revolução dos Cravos), also known as the 25 April ( pt, 25 de Abril, links=no), was a military coup by left-leaning military officers that overthrew the authoritarian Estado Novo regime on 25 April 1974 in Lisbon, producing major social, economic, territorial, demographic, and political changes in Portugal and its overseas colonies through the Processo Revolucionário Em Curso. It resulted in the Portuguese transition to democracy and the end of the Portuguese Colonial War. The revolution began as a coup organised by the Armed Forces Movement ( pt, Movimento das Forças Armadas, links=no, MFA), composed of military officers who opposed the regime, but it was soon coupled with an unanticipated, popular civil resistance campaign. Negotiations with African independence movements began, and by the end of 1974, Portuguese troops were withdrawn from Portuguese Guinea, which became a UN member state. This was followed in 1975 by the independence of C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcello Caetano
Marcelo José das Neves Alves Caetano (; 17 August 1906 – 26 October 1980) was a Portuguese politician and scholar. He was the second and last leader of the Estado Novo after succeeding António Salazar. He served as prime minister from 1968 to 1974, when he was overthrown during the Carnation Revolution. Early life and career He was the son of José Maria de Almeida Alves Caetano and his first wife Josefa Maria das Neves. Graduated as a Licentiate and later a Doctorate in Law, Caetano was a Cathedratic Professor at the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon, where he graduated. A conservative politician and a self-proclaimed reactionary in his youth, Caetano started his political career in the 1930s, during the early days of the regime of António de Oliveira Salazar. Caetano soon became an important figure in the ''Estado Novo'' government, and in 1940, he was appointed chief of the Portuguese Youth Organisation. Caetano progressed in his academic career at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictature
A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Politics in a dictatorship are controlled by the dictator and facilitated through an inner circle of elites that include advisers, generals, and other high-ranking officials. The dictator maintains control by influencing and appeasing the inner circle while repressing any opposition, which may include rival political parties, armed resistance, or disloyal members of the inner circle. Dictatorships can be formed by a military coup that overthrows the previous government through force or by a self-coup in which elected leaders make their rule permanent. Dictatorships are authoritarian or totalitarian and can be classified as military dictatorships, one-party dictatorships, personalist dictatorships, or absolute monarchies. The term dictatorship originates from its u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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