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List Of Submarine Volcanoes
A list of active and extinct submarine volcanoes and seamounts located under the world's oceans. There are estimated to be 40,000 to 55,000 seamounts in the global oceans. Almost all are not well-mapped and many may not have been identified at all. Most are unnamed and unexplored. This list is therefore confined to seamounts that are notable enough to have been named and/or explored. List See also * Lists of volcanoes * * * List of seamounts in the Southern Ocean This is a list of Seamounts in the Southern Ocean. A seamount is a mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island, islet or Cliff-rock. Seamounts are typically formed from e ... References {{Physical oceanography, state=collapsed * Submarine volcanoes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seamount Locations
A seamount is a large geologic landform that rises from the ocean floor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island, islet or cliff-rock. Seamounts are typically formed from extinct volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from the seafloor to in height. They are defined by oceanographers as independent features that rise to at least above the seafloor, characteristically of conical form.IHO, 2008. Standardization of Undersea Feature Names: Guidelines Proposal form Terminology, 4th ed. International Hydrographic Organization and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Monaco. The peaks are often found hundreds to thousands of meters below the surface, and are therefore considered to be within the deep sea. During their evolution over geologic time, the largest seamounts may reach the sea surface where wave action erodes the summit to form a flat surface. After they have subsided and sunk below the sea surface such flat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cotton Volcano
James Healy Seamount (former names Healy Seamount, Healy Volcano) is a submarine volcano located among the South Kermadec Ridge Seamounts south of New Zealand's Kermadec Islands. It consists of a volcanic cone that reaches a depth of below sea level, two and wide calderas and a parasitic cone that reaches a depth of below sea level. The flanks of the volcano are covered with pumice and volcanic rocks, and hydrothermal venting occurs inside the caldera. The caldera appears to have formed in one large explosive eruption that may have generated a pumice raft. Parts of the "Loisels Pumice" in New Zealand are suspected to have originated in this eruption, which took place 590±80 years before present (1950). Healy is also suspected to be the source of a tsunami that impacted Maori communities during the 15th century, and may be a continuing tsunami hazard. Geography and geology Regional The seafloor northeast of New Zealand is dominated by four structures, from east to wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Healy (volcano)
James Healy Seamount (former names Healy Seamount, Healy Volcano) is a submarine volcano located among the South Kermadec Ridge Seamounts south of New Zealand's Kermadec Islands. It consists of a volcanic cone that reaches a depth of below sea level, two and wide calderas and a parasitic cone that reaches a depth of below sea level. The flanks of the volcano are covered with pumice and volcanic rocks, and hydrothermal venting occurs inside the caldera. The caldera appears to have formed in one large explosive eruption that may have generated a pumice raft. Parts of the "Loisels Pumice" in New Zealand are suspected to have originated in this eruption, which took place 590±80 years before present (1950). Healy is also suspected to be the source of a tsunami that impacted Maori communities during the 15th century, and may be a continuing tsunami hazard. Geography and geology Regional The seafloor northeast of New Zealand is dominated by four structures, from east to wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Havre Seamount
Havre Seamount is an active volcanic seamount lying within the Kermadec Islands group of New Zealand, in the south-west Pacific Ocean, on the Tonga-Kermadec Ridge. Its most recent eruption took place in July 2012. See also *Monowai (seamount) Monowai Seamount is a volcanic seamount to the north of New Zealand. It is formed by a large caldera and a volcanic cone just south-southeast from the caldera. The volcanic cone rises to depths of up to but its depth varies with ongoing volcani ... References Active volcanoes Seamounts of New Zealand Geography of the Kermadec Islands Volcanoes of New Zealand {{OutlyingNZ-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graveyard Seamounts
The Graveyard Seamounts, officially known as the Graveyard Knolls, are a series of 28 small seamounts ( underwater volcanoes) and edifices located on the Chatham Rise, east of New Zealand. They cover about and stand out from the surrounding oceanic plateau that measures several hundred kilometers. They are named after various morose figures following the naming of the largest of the knolls as "the Graveyard" as it was a graveyard of fishing gear that became stuck on it. The most prominent among the group of knolls are Ghoul, Diabolical, Voodoo, Scroll, Hartless, Pyre, Gothic, Zombie, Mummy, Headstone, Morgue and Graveyard (ordered roughly by increasing size). Geography and geology While the official name for these features refers to knolls,IHO, 2008. Standardization of Undersea Feature Names: Guidelines Proposal form Terminology, 4th ed. International Hydrographic Organization and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Monaco. researchers in different disciplines see thes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorringe Ridge
The Gorringe Ridge is a seamount in the Atlantic Ocean. It is located about 130 miles (210 km) west of Portugal, between the Azores and the Strait of Gibraltar along the Azores–Gibraltar fault zone. It is about 60 km wide and 180 km long in the northeast direction. It is, since 2015, a marine protected area of Portugal included in the Natura 2000 program. If measured from the bottom of the Tagus Abyssal Plain, the ridge would measure more than in height, which would make it Portugal's highest mountain. Discovery In the nineteenth century the United States Coast Survey embarked on an ambitious program to map the seafloors of the world's main oceanways. This produced extensive maps of the more shallow areas, but deep-ocean work was hampered by lack of robust equipment. In 1872, English scientist Sir William Thomson invented a wire-based depth-sounding mechanism which was a significant improvement over rope-type equipment used previously. This Thomson Sounding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fukutoku-Okanoba
is a submarine volcano that is part of the Volcano Islands in the Bonin Islands of Japan. It is located northeast of the island of South Iwo Jima. Geography The volcano is part of a larger elongated submarine volcano with two peaks and with a magma composition of trachyandesite. The volcano itself has erupted on multiple occasions with the last eruption before 2021 occurring during 2010. The first island to form when this volcano was discovered formed in 1904–5 and with a few more forming during the course of the 1900s. History The earliest recorded eruption of Fukutoku-Okanoba in 1904 formed an ephemeral island named Shin-Iwo-jima (''New Sulfur Island''). Other ephemeral islands have also formed, the most recent of which formed in 1986. In 2010, the Japanese coast guard spotted steam rising above the ocean and water discoloration of the surrounding area. In 2021, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that a submarine eruption occurred at Fukutoku-Okanoba volc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Pacific Ocean
South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþaz'' ("south"), possibly related to the same Proto-Indo-European root that the word ''sun'' derived from. Some languages describe south in the same way, from the fact that it is the direction of the sun at noon (in the Northern Hemisphere), like Latin meridies 'noon, south' (from medius 'middle' + dies 'day', cf English meridional), while others describe south as the right-hand side of the rising sun, like Biblical Hebrew תֵּימָן teiman 'south' from יָמִין yamin 'right', Aramaic תַּימנַא taymna from יָמִין yamin 'right' and Syriac ܬܰܝܡܢܳܐ taymna from ܝܰܡܝܺܢܳܐ yamina (hence the name of Yemen, the land to the south/right of the Levant). Navigation By convention, the ''bottom or down-facing side'' of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foundation Seamounts
Foundation Seamounts are a series of seamounts in the southern Pacific Ocean. Discovered in 1992, these seamounts form a long chain which starts from the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge. Some of these seamounts may have once emerged from the ocean. The Foundation Seamounts were probably formed by a now-weakening mantle plume called the Foundation hotspot that is located close to the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge. It is possible that this hotspot generated additional volcanoes, such as the Ngatemato and Taukina seamounts farther west. The oldest volcanism on the Foundation Seamounts occurred 21 million years ago, while the youngest volcanism appears to be hydrothermal venting and the eruption of a lava flow between 1997 and 2001 where the Foundation Seamounts intersect the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge. Name and discovery The Foundation Seamounts were discovered in 1992 through satellite altimetry observations. They are named after the National Science Foundation, a name-giving inspired to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fonuafoʻou
Fonuafo‘ou ("New land" in Tongan), formerly known as Falcon Island, is a submarine volcano in the western part of the Ha'apai group in Tonga. The volcano has created an island several times throughout history. It was first spotted by the crew of the British ship HMS ''Falcon'' in 1867, while it was still a coral reef. On 11 October 1885, the volcano erupted and spouted tons of molten lava Lava is molten or partially molten rock (magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a moon onto its surface. Lava may be erupted at a volcano or through a fracture in the crust, on land or un .... Three days later, on 14 October 1885, the eruption created an island, which was named Falcon island by the British. Several eruptions occurred in 1894, 1921, 1927, 1928, 1933 and 1936, consolidating the island and expanding its surface (6 km in diameter, in height in 1949). In 1949, another eruption caused the explosion and the coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinandea Island
Ferdinandea Island (also Graham Island, Graham Bank or Graham Shoal; french: Ile Julia) is a certain volcanic island/seamount in the Mediterranean Sea near the island of Sicily that has, on more than one occasion, risen above the Mediterranean via volcanic action and soon thereafter been washed away. Since 300 BC this cycle of events has occurred four times. The top of the island is presently 6 metres below sea level. The island's most recent "appearance" occurred in July 1831, but then by January 1832 the portion of the island above sea level had been entirely washed away again by the wind and the waves of the Mediterranean Sea. The 1831 version of the island was first visited by the Sicilian customs official Michele Fiorini on 17 July 1831, who planted an oar there to claim the newly emerged island for the Kingdom of Sicily. Historical description of brief appearance of island. On 2 August 1831 Humphrey Fleming Senhouse, the captain of the first rate Royal Navy ship of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
