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List Of Kapitan Cina
This is a list of individuals who held the post of Kapitan Cina, a government position that existed in colonial Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The role came with vastly varying degrees of power, depending on historical and local circumstances: from near-sovereign authority with legal, political and military powers to an honorary title for a community leader. Kapitan Cina in Hirado, Japan * Kapitan Cina Li Dan Kapitan Cina in the Residency of Batavia (Greater Jakarta, Indonesia) Hoofden der Chinezen of Batavia (Senior Heads and Chairmen of the Kong Koan) * 1619–1636: Kapitein Souw Beng Kong (formerly Kapitan Cina of Banten) * 1636-1645: Kapitein Lim Lak Ko * 1645-1663: Kapitein Phoa Beng Gan * 1663-1666: Kapitein Gan Djie * 1666-1678: Nyai Kapitein Gan Djie * 1678-1685: Kapitein Tjoa Hoan Giok * 1736-1740: Kapitein Nie Hoe Kong * 1791-1800: Kapitein Oey Bian Kong * 1800-1809: Kapitein Gouw Tjang Sie * 1809-1812: Kapitein Tan Peng Long * 1811-1817: Kapitein Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kapitan Cina
Kapitan Cina, also spelled Kapitan China or Capitan China ( en, Captain of the Chinese; ; nl, Kapitein der Chinezen), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines. Office holders exercised varying degrees of power and influence: from near-sovereign political and legal jurisdiction over local Chinese communities, to ceremonial precedence for community leaders. Corresponding posts existed for other ethnic groups, such as Kapitan Arab and Kapitan Keling for the local Arab and Indian communities respectively. Pre-colonial origin The origin of the office, under various different native titles, goes back to court positions in the precolonial states of Southeast Asia, such as the Sultanates of Malacca in the Malay peninsula, the Sultanate of Banten in Java, and the Kingdom of Siam in mainland Southeast Asia.Ooi, Keat Gin. ''Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, From Angkor Wat to Eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tjoa Hoan Giok
Cài () is a Chinese-language surname that derives from the name of the ancient Cai state. In 2019 it was the 38th most common surname in China, but the 9th most common in Taiwan (as of 2018), where it is usually romanized as "Tsai" (based on Wade-Giles romanization of Standard Mandarin), "Tsay", or "Chai" and the 8th most common in Singapore, where it is usually romanized as "Chua", which is based on its Teochew and Hokkien pronunciation. Koreans use Chinese-derived family names and in Korean, Cai is 채 in Hangul, "Chae" in Revised Romanization, It is also a common name in Hong Kong where it is romanized as "Choy", "Choi" or "Tsoi". In Macau, it is spelled as "Choi". In Malaysia, it is romanized as "Choi" from the Cantonese pronunciation, and "Chua" or "Chuah" from the Hokkien or Teochew pronunciation. It is romanized in the Philippines as "Chua" or "Chuah", and in Thailand as "Chuo" (ฉั่ว). Moreover, it is also romanized in Cambodia as either "Chhay" or "Chhor" amon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han Oen Lee
Han Oen Lee, Luitenant der Chinezen (1856—1893) was a Chinese-Indonesian magnate, who governed the Chinese community of Bekasi as its '' Luitenant der Chinezen'', an important administrative post in the Dutch colonial bureaucracy. He was also the ''Landheer'' (landlord) of the ''particuliere land'' (private domain) of Gaboes. Today, he is best known as the father of the late colonial statesman Hok Hoei Kan (1881—1951). Born in Surabaya, East Java, Dutch East Indies in 1856, Han Oen Lee Sia came from the influential Han family of Lasem, part of the 'Cabang Atas' gentry of colonial Indonesia. His father, Han Tjoei Hing Sia (died in 1882), was a local landlord and a great-grandson of Han Khee Bing, Luitenant der Chinezen (1749—1768), who was in turn the eldest son of Han Bwee Kong, Kapitein der Chinezen of Surabaya (1727—1778), an important ally and comprador of the Dutch East India Company. As the issue of a long line of Chinese officers, Han bore the hereditary title of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan Kang Ie
Tan or TAN may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Black and Tans, a nickname for British special constables during the Irish War of Independence. By extension "Tans" can now also colloquially refer to English or British people in general, especially disparagingly. * TAN Books, a Catholic publishing company * FC Rubin-TAN Kazan, a Russian professional ice hockey club in Kazan in 1991-94 * Transportes Aereos Nacionales, an airline based in Honduras known as TAN Airlines People * Tan (surname) (譚), a Chinese surname * Chen (surname) (陳), a Chinese surname, pronounced "Tan" in Min Nan languages * Laozi, posthumous name "Tan" or "Dān" (聃), philosopher of ancient China * Leborgne, nicknamed Tan, a patient of Paul Broca's, on whose autopsy he identified Broca's area * TAN (musician) (born 1990), Malaysian pop singer * Tan Sağtürk (born 1969), Turkish ballet Places China * Tan (state), an ancient viscountcy in eastern Shandong Province, China * Tai'an railway station (S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lauw Tek Lok
Lauw Tek Lok, der Chinezen (died in Meester Cornelis in 1882) was a high-ranking government official and landlord in Batavia, Dutch East Indies, and a member of the Lauw-Sim-Zecha family, part of Java’s Cabang Atas gentry. He is remembered today for his long tenure as ''Luitenant der Chinezen'' (or government-appointed head mandarin) of Bekasi, and for his interracial marriage with Louisa Zecha. Born in Batavia, Lauw Tek Lok was the son of the early nineteenth-century tycoon Lauw Ho (died in 1863), part of the powerful Ngo Ho Tjiang opium partnership. His father was an important revenue farmer, and served as '' Wijkmeester'' (ward master) of Meester Cornelis. The younger Lauw became one of the most important landlords (' Landheeren') in Batavia with significant agricultural landholdings (' particuliere landen') in the city's ''Ommelanden'' (the then rural hinterland of Batavia), including the estate of Cimanggis. Lauw was appointed on December 23, 1854 to the newly-created ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Souw Siauw Keng
Su is the pinyin romanization of the common Chinese surname written in simplified characters and traditionally. It was listed 42nd among the Song-era list of the ''Hundred Family Surnames''. In 2019 it was the 46th most common surname in mainland China. Romanizations The Wade form of the name is identical to the pinyin, but it is also sometimes irregularly romanized as Soo. and are also romanized So and Sou in Cantonese; Soh and Souw in Southern Min dialects; Soh in Teochew; and Thu in Gan. This Chinese name is also the source of the Vietnamese surname Tô (Chữ Nôm: ); the Korean surname , which is romanized So; the Japanese surname , which is also romanized So; and the Filipino/Tagalog surname So. Also, the Filipino family name "Solon" is a Hispanicized version of So. The Solon clan coming from Cebu are famous for their ancestors who were government officials. The Solons were originally from Canton. Distribution Su was the 41st-most-common Chinese sur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Souw Siauw Tjong
Su is the pinyin romanization of the common Chinese surname written in simplified characters and traditionally. It was listed 42nd among the Song-era list of the ''Hundred Family Surnames''. In 2019 it was the 46th most common surname in mainland China. Romanizations The Wade form of the name is identical to the pinyin, but it is also sometimes irregularly romanized as Soo. and are also romanized So and Sou in Cantonese; Soh and Souw in Southern Min dialects; Soh in Teochew; and Thu in Gan. This Chinese name is also the source of the Vietnamese surname Tô (Chữ Nôm: ); the Korean surname , which is romanized So; the Japanese surname , which is also romanized So; and the Filipino/Tagalog surname So. Also, the Filipino family name "Solon" is a Hispanicized version of So. The Solon clan coming from Cebu are famous for their ancestors who were government officials. The Solons were originally from Canton. Distribution Su was the 41st-most-common Chinese surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Souw Tok Soen
Su is the pinyin romanization of the common Chinese surname written in simplified characters and traditionally. It was listed 42nd among the Song-era list of the ''Hundred Family Surnames''. In 2019 it was the 46th most common surname in mainland China. Romanizations The Wade form of the name is identical to the pinyin, but it is also sometimes irregularly romanized as Soo. and are also romanized So and Sou in Cantonese; Soh and Souw in Southern Min dialects; Soh in Teochew; and Thu in Gan. This Chinese name is also the source of the Vietnamese surname Tô (Chữ Nôm: ); the Korean surname , which is romanized So; the Japanese surname , which is also romanized So; and the Filipino/Tagalog surname So. Also, the Filipino family name "Solon" is a Hispanicized version of So. The Solon clan coming from Cebu are famous for their ancestors who were government officials. The Solons were originally from Canton. Distribution Su was the 41st-most-common Chinese surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ko Tiang Tjong
A KO is a knockout in various sports, such as boxing and martial arts. K.O., Ko or Kō may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * KO (musician), Canadian musician who plays a fusion of hip hop and folk music * ''K.O.'' (album), a 2021 album by Danna Paola * K.O (rapper), South African rapper Ntokozo Mdluli * Karen O (born 1978), lead singer of the rock group Yeah Yeah Yeahs * Kevin Olusola, American cellist, beatboxer and member of ''a cappella'' group Pentatonix * ''K.O.'', a 2008 album by Rize * "K.O.", a 2004 song by Smujji Other media * Ko (Go), in the board game ''Go'' * ''Ko'' (film), a 2011 Tamil action movie * ''Knight Online'', a 2004 online role-playing game Language * Ko language * Ko (kana), the romanization of the Japanese kana こ and コ * ISO 639-1 code for the Korean language Surname * Ko (Korean surname) * Gao (surname), a surname of Chinese origin romanized to Ko in Hong Kong * Ke (surname), a Chinese surname romanized as "Ko" in the Wade–Gile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lie Tiauw Ko
A lie is an assertion that is believed to be false, typically used with the purpose of deceiving or misleading someone. The practice of communicating lies is called lying. A person who communicates a lie may be termed a liar. Lies can be interpreted as deliberately false statements or misleading statements. Lies may also serve a variety of instrumental, interpersonal, or psychological functions for the individuals who use them. Generally, the term "lie" carries a negative connotation, and depending on the context a person who communicates a lie may be subject to social, legal, religious, or criminal sanctions; for instance, perjury, or the act of lying under oath, can result in criminal and civil charges being pressed against the perjurer. Although people in many cultures believe that deception can be detected by observing nonverbal behaviors (e.g. not making eye contact, fidgeting, stuttering) research indicates that people overestimate both the significance of such cues and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan Jap Long
Tan or TAN may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Black and Tans, a nickname for British special constables during the Irish War of Independence. By extension "Tans" can now also colloquially refer to English or British people in general, especially disparagingly. * TAN Books, a Catholic publishing company * FC Rubin-TAN Kazan, a Russian professional ice hockey club in Kazan in 1991-94 * Transportes Aereos Nacionales, an airline based in Honduras known as TAN Airlines People * Tan (surname) (譚), a Chinese surname * Chen (surname) (陳), a Chinese surname, pronounced "Tan" in Min Nan languages * Laozi, posthumous name "Tan" or "Dān" (聃), philosopher of ancient China * Leborgne, nicknamed Tan, a patient of Paul Broca's, on whose autopsy he identified Broca's area * TAN (musician) (born 1990), Malaysian pop singer * Tan Sağtürk (born 1969), Turkish ballet Places China * Tan (state), an ancient viscountcy in eastern Shandong Province, China * Tai'an railway station (Sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan Peng Long
Tan or TAN may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Black and Tans, a nickname for British special constables during the Irish War of Independence. By extension "Tans" can now also colloquially refer to English or British people in general, especially disparagingly. * TAN Books, a Catholic publishing company * FC Rubin-TAN Kazan, a Russian professional ice hockey club in Kazan in 1991-94 * Transportes Aereos Nacionales, an airline based in Honduras known as TAN Airlines People * Tan (surname) (譚), a Chinese surname * Chen (surname) (陳), a Chinese surname, pronounced "Tan" in Min Nan languages * Laozi, posthumous name "Tan" or "Dān" (聃), philosopher of ancient China * Leborgne, nicknamed Tan, a patient of Paul Broca's, on whose autopsy he identified Broca's area * TAN (musician) (born 1990), Malaysian pop singer * Tan Sağtürk (born 1969), Turkish ballet Places China * Tan (state), an ancient viscountcy in eastern Shandong Province, China * Tai'an railway station (Sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
