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List Of Forts Of The Lines Of Torres Vedras
The Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of Fortification, forts and other military defences built in secrecy to defend Lisbon, capital of Portugal, from the French during the Peninsular War. Named after the town of Torres Vedras, their construction was ordered by the commander of the British troops, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. The Lines were declared a National Heritage by the Portuguese Government in March 2019. In total, 152 military works were carried out from October 1809 to 1812 by Portuguese workers supervised by British engineers. Most involved completely new constructions, although some existing structures, such as the castle at Torres Vedras, were adapted and it was also common to incorporate existing hilltop windmills in the designs. Some of the forts remain visible and 29 are maintained by the municipalities of Torres Vedras, Arruda dos Vinhos, Loures, Mafra, Portugal, Mafra, Sobral de Monte Agraço, and Vila Franca de Xira. Much restoration work has been ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forts Of Ajuda
The Forts of Ajuda are located in the parish of Bucelas, in the municipality of Loures in the Lisbon District of Portugal. Just a short distance apart, the Forts of Ajuda Grande (Big) and Ajuda Pequeno (Small) were built in 1810 as part of the Lines of Torres Vedras, which were defensive lines to protect the Portuguese capital Lisbon from invasion by the French during the Peninsular War (1807–14). History Following the Treaty of Fontainebleau signed between France and Spain in October 1807, which agreed on the invasion of Portugal, French troops under the command of General Junot entered the country, which requested support from the British. In July 1808 troops commanded by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington landed in Portugal and defeated French troops at the Battles of Roliça and Vimeiro. This forced Junot to negotiate the Convention of Cintra, which led to the evacuation of the French army from Portugal. In March 1809, Marshal Soult led a new French expedition that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Julião Do Tojal
SAO or Sao may refer to: Places * Sao civilisation, in Middle Africa from 6th century BC to 16th century AD * Sao, a town in Boussé Department, Burkina Faso * Saco Transportation Center (station code SAO), a train station in Saco, Maine, U.S. * SAO, the ICAO airline designator for Sahel Aviation Service, Mali * SAO, the IATA airport code for airports in the São Paulo metropolitan area, Brazil * Serb Autonomous Regions during the breakup of Yugoslavia * São Paulo, the largest city in Brazil Science * Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory of the Smithsonian Institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. ** Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog, which assigns SAO catalogue entries * Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Science (SAO RAS) Entertainment * ''Sword Art Online'', a Japanese light novel series ** ''Sword Art Online'' (2012 TV series), an anime adaptation of the light novels * Sao Sao Sao, a Thai pop music trio Other uses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Of Zambujal
The Fort of Zambujal, also referred to as the Fort of Casas Velhas, is located near the town of Zambujal-Casas Velhas, in the parish of Carvoeira, municipality of Mafra, Portugal, Mafra, Lisbon District, Portugal. Constructed in 1809–10, at 102 metres above sea level, it was one of the forts and other military works built by British and Portuguese troops to protect Lisbon from French forces, forming part of the Second Line of defence of the so-called Lines of Torres Vedras. Each work was given a number and Zambujal was No. 95. History The threat of invasion of Portugal by the French during the Peninsular War (1807–14) led to the construction of the Lines of Torres Vedras, to protect Lisbon from Napoleon, Napoléon Bonaparte's troops. The defences were ordered by the British commander, the Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Duke of Wellington after two French invasions had already been repelled. By so doing he was also seeking to protect his own retreat and possible eva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Of Feira
The Fort of Feira, also known as the Fort of Malveira, is located at an altitude of 226 metres, above the town of Malveira, in the municipality of Mafra, in Lisbon District, Portugal. It was built in 1809-10 as part of the Lines of Torres Vedras, three lines of forts and redoubts designed to protect Lisbon against French troops. The fort was reopened to the public in 2011. History In 1807, during the Peninsular War (1807-14), France and Spain signed the secret Treaty of Fontainebleau foreseeing the invasion and subsequent division of Portuguese territory into three kingdoms. In the same year French troops commanded by General Junot entered Portugal. Portugal called for support from England while, at the same time, the Portuguese royal family left the country for Brazil. In 1808, Portuguese and British troops commanded by the Duke of Wellington defeated the French in the Battles of Roliça and Vimeiro. This forced Junot to negotiate the Convention of Cintra, which led to the evac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Of Mosqueiro
The Fort of Mosqueiro, also known as the Redoubt of Mosqueiro ( pt, Reduto do Mosqueiro), is one of a group of fortifications in Portugal that made up the Lines of Torres Vedras, which were designed to protect the capital, Lisbon, from possible invasion by French troops during the Peninsular War. It is situated near Bucelas in the Loures municipality in the Lisbon District of Portugal. History The threat of invasion of Portugal by the French during the Peninsular War (1807–14) led to the construction of the Lines of Torres Vedras in late 1809 and 1810, in order to protect Lisbon from Napoléon Bonaparte's troops. Consisting of 152 forts and redoubts forming three lines of defence, the construction was ordered by the British commander, the Duke of Wellington, after two French invasions had already been repelled. By so doing he was also seeking to protect his own retreat and possible evacuation if overwhelmed by French forces. The first line of defence of the Lines of Torres Vedr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Of Ribas
The Fort of Ribas, also known as the Redoubt of Ribas ( pt, Reduto de Ribas) and the Redoubt of Freixial Alto, is one of a group of fortifications in Portugal that made up the second of the three defensive Lines of Torres Vedras, between the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus, which were designed to protect the capital, Lisbon, from possible invasion by French troops during the Peninsular War. It was designed for a garrison of 300 soldiers, with three or four cannon. The fort is situated near the town of Bucelas in the Lisbon District of Portugal. History Following the Treaty of Fontainebleau signed between France and Spain in October 1807, which provided for the invasion and subsequent division of Portuguese territory into three kingdoms, French troops under the command of General Junot entered Portugal, which requested support from the British. Thus, in July 1808 troops commanded by the Duke of Wellington landed in Portugal, advanced towards Lisbon and defeated French troops a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forts Of Serra Da Aguieira
The Forts of Serra da Aguieira (Hills of Aguieira) were three forts constructed within 100 metres of each other as part of the second line of defence of the so-called Lines of Torres Vedras, which were constructed by Anglo-Portuguese forces in 1810 in order to protect the Portuguese capital Lisbon from possible invasion by the French during the Peninsular War. The forts are situated in the municipality of Vila Franca de Xira, in the Lisbon District of Portugal. From north to south the three forts are the Fort of Aguieira, the Fort of Portela Grande, and the Fort of Portela Pequena. History Following the Treaty of Fontainebleau signed between France and Spain in October 1807, which provided for the invasion of Portugal, French troops under the command of General Junot entered Portugal, leading to a Portuguese request for support from the British. In July 1808 troops commanded by the Duke of Wellington, at the time known as Arthur Wellesley, defeated French troops at the Battles of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Of Casa
The Fort of Casa was the most easterly of the forts and redoubts built in 1809-10 during the Peninsular War on the second line of the three defensive Lines of Torres Vedras aimed at protecting the capital of Portugal, Lisbon. It is situated in the town of Forte da Casa, in the municipality of Vila Franca de Xira, in the Lisbon District. History Following the Treaty of Fontainebleau signed between France and Spain in October 1807, which provided for the invasion and subsequent division of Portuguese territory into three kingdoms, French troops under the command of General Junot entered Portugal, which requested support from the British. In July 1808 troops commanded by the Duke of Wellington, at the time known as Arthur Wellesley, landed in Portugal and defeated French troops at the Battles of Roliça and Vimeiro. This forced Junot to negotiate the Convention of Cintra, which led to the evacuation of the French army from Portugal. In March 1809, Marshal Soult led a new French ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portela (Loures)
Portela () is a former civil parish in the municipality of Loures, Lisbon District, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Moscavide e Portela. History In toponymic terms, ''Portela'' gets its name from two Portuguese definitions: ''portela'' is derived from a corruption of the Latin or , which means "small door" or "entryway"", since it can be considered the access to Lisbon (and/or south part of the Tagus estuary); the term ''portela'' is also, literally "a point where a road or street forms a bend or angle, ordinarily in a bottleneck or tributary"". Geographically, the second statement is also true, since the parish's northern limits are cornered by two important bends (Avenida Infante Dom Henriques-IC17 and IC17-A1). Portela's masterplan was deeply inspired by Swiss architect Le Corbusier's utopian scheme of ''"A Contemporary City for 3 Million People"'' (1922), and its urbanism based on the premise of a modern architecture that was exposed it to the maxim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castelo De Torres Vedras
file:Castelo_de_Torres_vedras_-_interior_junto_a_portão_de_armas.jpg, 240px, Interior view. Castelo de Torres Vedras is a castle in Torres Vedras, Portugal. Characterized by a mix of Gothic architecture, Gothic and Manueline features, it is classified by IGESPAR as a Site of Public Interest. History Use of the castle area goes back to Lusitania, Roman times as evidenced by the existence of two Roman cisterns, tombstones, coins and other artifacts. Primitive fortifications date back to the time of the Goths. Its first walls were constructed by North Africans (known as Moors) during the time of Gharb Al-Andalus, Muslim control of Portugal. These walls were destroyed during the Reconquista, Christian reconquest when the castle was seized in 1148 by Afonso I of Portugal, but were immediately rebuilt. In 1288 Denis of Portugal, King Denis ordered that the defences be strengthened and extended and Ferdinand I of Aragon ordered further improvements in 1373. The Castle of Torres Vedr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
