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List Of English Words With Dual French And Anglo-Saxon Variations
This list of English words with dual French and Old English variations lists various English words with redundant loanwords. After the Norman invasion of England in 1066 many of the more refined English (Old English) words describing finished products were replaced with words, borrowed from Anglo-Norman (such as "beef," a prepared food). In contrast, common unfinished equivalents continued to use the native English term (such as "cow," a living animal). This replacement can be explained by the fact that meat was an expensive product at the time and that the lord and nobleman of Norman origin were eating it more often than the commoners, who were raising the livestock. This duality is also mirrored in French, where "beef" is ''bœuf'', but "cow" is ''vache''. These dual words later formed the basis of the Middle English wordstock, and were eventually passed into the modern language.Stephan Gramley, Kurt-Michael Pätzold, ''A survey of modern English'' (Routledge, 2003/ref> In some c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman People
The Normans (Norman: ''Normaunds''; french: Normands; la, Nortmanni/Normanni) were a population arising in the medieval Duchy of Normandy from the intermingling between Norse Viking settlers and indigenous West Franks and Gallo-Romans. The term is also used to denote emigrants from the duchy who conquered other territories such as England and Sicily. The Norse settlements in West Francia followed a series of raids on the French northern coast mainly from Denmark, although some also sailed from Norway and Sweden. These settlements were finally legitimized when Rollo, a Scandinavian Viking leader, agreed to swear fealty to King Charles III of West Francia following the siege of Chartres in 911. The intermingling in Normandy produced an ethnic and cultural "Norman" identity in the first half of the 10th century, an identity which continued to evolve over the centuries. The Norman dynasty had a major political, cultural and military impact on medieval Europe and the Near East. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Note
Note, notes, or NOTE may refer to: Music and entertainment * Musical note, a pitched sound (or a symbol for a sound) in music * ''Notes'' (album), a 1987 album by Paul Bley and Paul Motian * ''Notes'', a common (yet unofficial) shortened version of the title of the American TV situation comedy, ''Notes from the Underbelly'' * ''Notes'' (film), a short by John McPhail * ''Notes'' (journal), the quarterly journal of the Music Library Association Finance * Banknote, a form of cash currency, also known as ''bill'' in the United States and Canada * Promissory note, a contract binding one party to pay money to a second party * Note, a security (finance), a type of bond Technology and science * IBM Notes, (formerly Lotus Notes), a client-server, collaborative application owned by IBM Software Group * Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), a type of minimally invasive surgery * Notes (Apple), a note-taking application bundled with macOS and iOS * Notes, another name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stound
An hour (symbol: h; also abbreviated hr) is a unit of time conventionally reckoned as of a day and scientifically reckoned between 3,599 and 3,601 seconds, depending on the speed of Earth's rotation. There are 60 minutes in an hour, and 24 hours in a day. The hour was initially established in the ancient Near East as a variable measure of of the night or daytime. Such seasonal, temporal, or unequal hours varied by season and latitude. Equal or equinoctial hours were taken as of the day as measured from noon to noon; the minor seasonal variations of this unit were eventually smoothed by making it of the mean solar day. Since this unit was not constant due to long term variations in the Earth's rotation, the hour was finally separated from the Earth's rotation and defined in terms of the atomic or physical second. In the modern metric system, hours are an accepted unit of time defined as 3,600 atomic seconds. However, on rare occasions an hour may incorporate a positive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edder
Edder may refer to: *Edder Delgado (born 1986), Honduran international footballer *Edder Farías (born 1988), Venezuelan footballer *Edder Fuertes (born 1992), Ecuadorian footballer *Edder Nelson (born 1986), Costa Rican football player *Edder Pérez (born 1983), Venezuelan footballer *Edder Vaca Edder Javier Vaca Quinde (born 25 December 1985) is an Ecuadorian footballer. Club career Edder Vaca started out with the 3rd-level club Rocafuerte Fútbol Club out of Guayaquil. He played on their senior team until 2004, when he was loaned to ... (born 1985), Ecuadorian footballer See also * Best Day Edder {{Given name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athel
''Tamarix aphylla'' is the largest known species of ''Tamarix'', with heights up to . The species has a variety of common names, including Athel tamarisk, Athel tree, and Athel pine. It is an evergreen tree, native across North, East, and Central Africa, through the Middle East, and into parts of Western and Southern Asia. Distribution ''Tamarix aphylla'' is found along watercourses in arid areas. It is very resistant to saline and alkaline soils. Its range extends from latitude 35°N to 0°N, and its W–E range extends from Morocco and Algeria in North Africa, eastwards to Egypt, and south to the Horn of Africa and into Kenya. It is found in the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula, east through Iran, and into Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India. Description ''Tamarix aphylla'' grows as a tree to high. The tiny leaves are alternately arranged along the branches, and exude salt, which can form a crusted layer on the surface, and drip onto the ground beneath. The species can repr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heed
Heed or HEED may refer to: People * Anneli Heed (born 1978), Swedish stand-up comedian impersonator and voice actress * John Clifford Heed (1862–1908), American composer and musician * Jonas Heed (born 1967), Swedish former professional ice hockey player * Kash Heed (born 1955), Canadian former politician * Peter Heed, American lawyer and a former New Hampshire Attorney General * Tim Heed (born 1991), Swedish professional ice hockey player Arts, entertainment, and media * Heed (band), Swedish heavy metal band active 2004–2008 with Daniel Heiman and Fredrik Olsson * Miss Heed, a character in ''Villainous (TV series) ''Villainous'' ( es, Villanos) is a Mexican animated television web series produced by A.I. Animation Studios for Cartoon Network and HBO Max. It was created by Alan Ituriel, a veteran of the animation industry in Mexico. It is based on a 2012 ...'' Military * USS ''Heed'' (AM-100), an ''Auk''-class minesweeper * Helicopter emergency egress device (HEED) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maim
Mutilation or maiming (from the Latin: ''mutilus'') refers to Bodily harm, severe damage to the body that has a ruinous effect on an individual's quality of life. It can also refer to alterations that render something inferior, ugly, dysfunctional, or imperfect. In modern times, the term has an overwhelmingly negative connotation. Terminology In 2019, Michael H. Stone, Gary Brucato, and Ann Burgess proposed formal criteria by which "mutilation" might be systematically distinguished from the act of "dismemberment," as these terms are commonly used interchangeably. They suggested that dismemberment involves "the entire removal, by any means, of a large section of the body of a living or dead person, specifically, the head (also termed decapitation), arms, hands, torso, pelvic area, legs, or feet." Mutilation, by contrast, involves "the removal or irreparable disfigurement, by any means, of some smaller portion of one of those larger sections of a living or dead person. The lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
