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Lice Massacre
The Lice massacre took place from 20 to 23 October 1993 in the Kurdish town of Lice, Turkey in the Diyarbakır Province of Southeastern Anatolia Region. The Turkish Armed Forces killed at least 30 civilians. Background Tensions between Turkish armed forces and the PKK had been rising in the countryside around Lice throughout October 1993. During the earlier part of the month, PKK fighters kidnapped two workers and set fire to a school in the district, and gunshots were heard in the town. On 14 October, PKK militants attacked an electrical transformer outside the town. That same day, units of the Turkish army severed all communications between capital of the predominantly Kurdish district, home to approximately 10,000 people at the time, and its surroundings, which had seen extensive destruction in previous years as the Turkish military razed villages and burned nearby forests in an effort to deny shelter to PKK militants active in the area. Turkish government officials claimed th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lice, Turkey
Lice (pronounced ), ( ku, Licê, ota, ليجه,) is a Kurdish-populated town in Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. The population was 9,644 in 2010. It is located from the capital, Diyarbakır. In the local elections in March 2019 Tarık Mercan from the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was elected mayor. As the current District Governor was appointed Cevdet Bakkal. History Lice was the headquarters of the 5th Army Corps of the Turkish army during the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925 and it was a focal point at the beginning of the rebellion. The town was captured on the 20 February by the troops loyal to Sheikh Said. The Kurdish Zirki tribe in the Lice district also supported the Sheik Said rebellion and as a reprisal, the tribes villages Çaylarbaşı, Kurlu, Alataş, Mat-bur and Çağlayan have been demolished and the residing population was killed by troops of the Turkish army. It was reported that the troops of the Turkish Major Ali Haydar have wiped out the majority of the Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Şırnak
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, wherea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JİTEM
Jandarma İstihbarat ve Terörle Mücadele or Jandarma İstihbarat Teşkilatı (abbr. ''JİTEM'' or ''JİT''; English: "Gendarmerie Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism" or "Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization") is the unofficial and illegal intelligence agency of the Turkish Gendarmerie. JİTEM was active in the Kurdish–Turkish conflict. After the Susurluk scandal, former prime ministers Bülent Ecevit and Mesut Yılmaz have confirmed the existence of JİTEM. According to Murat Belge of Istanbul Bilgi University, who has reported that he was tortured in 1971 by its founder, Veli Küçük, JİTEM is an embodiment of the deep state. In other words, it is used by "the Establishment" to enforce alleged national interests. It is also said to be the military wing of Ergenekon, an underground Turkish nationalist organization. In 2008, long-maintained official denials of JİTEM's existence started collapsing in the courts, as ex-members of Turkey's "deep state" security apparatus testi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdulhamit Gül
Abdulhamit Gül ( tr, Abdülhamit Gül; born 12 March 1977) is a Turkish politician and former Minister of Justice. He is a member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey from Gaziantep. He was previously the General Secretary of the Justice and Development Party. He is not related with Abdullah Gül. Early life and education Gül was born to working-class parents in Nizip on 12 March 1977. His father is originally from Artvin. His mother was the daughter of an Islamic scholar born in Çermik and mentored by Said Nursî. She knew Kurdish. Gül attended a local high school, showing political interest from a young age. He completed his higher education at Ankara University. Political career He was assigned as a member of board in Ankara Youth Community of Virtue Party (FP) and Welfare Party (RP). He was the head of the National Youth Foundation from 1999 to 2001. Between 2001 and 2003, he was the vice chairman of FP. From 2003 to 2010, he participated in the General Admin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Justice (Turkey)
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The Ministry of Justice ( tr, Adalet Bakanlığı) is a government ministry office of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for justice affairs. Bekir Bozdağ is the current minister. See also *Ministry of Justice (Ottoman Empire) *List of Ministers of Justice of Turkey References External links *https://twitter.com/adalet_bakanlik Justice Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)
The Peoples' Democratic Party ( Turkish: ''Halkların Demokratik Partisi'', acronymized as HDP; Kurdish: ''Partiya Demokratîk a Gelan''), or Democratic Party of the Peoples, is a pro- minority political party in Turkey. Generally left-wing, the party places a strong emphasis on participatory and radical democracy, feminism, LGBT rights, minority rights, youth rights and egalitarianism. It is an associate member of the Party of European Socialists (PES) a consultative member of the Socialist International and a party within the Progressive Alliance (PA). Aspiring to fundamentally challenge the existing Turkish–Kurdish divide and other existing parameters in Turkish politics, the HDP was founded in 2012 as the political wing of the Peoples' Democratic Congress, a union of numerous left-wing movements that had previously fielded candidates as independents to bypass the 10% election threshold. The HDP is in an alliance with the Kurdish Democratic Regions Party (DBP), often descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Remziye Tosun
Remziye Tosun is a Kurdish politician from Turkey who has been a deputy of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) in the Turkish parliament since the parliamentary elections in June 2018. In March 2020, Tosun was charged by prosecutors with "inciting the public to enmity and hatred or humiliating." On 11 September 2020, she was sentenced to 10 years in prison for "membership of a terrorist organisation". Tosun was born in Diyarbakir in 1981. She was a primary school teacher, and is listed by the Turkish Grand National Assembly website as being able to speak Kurdish well. She was elected to the Turkish Grand National Assembly as a XXVII term representative for Diyarbakir for the HDP. In March 2020, the Diyarbakır Chief Public Prosecutor's Office opened a criminal case against Tosun, referring to "some expressions used in the announcement that the HDP group made in some neighborhoods in Diyarbakır's central Sur and Yenişehir districts regarding the novel coronavirus (Covid-19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statute Of Limitations
A statute of limitations, known in civil law systems as a prescriptive period, is a law passed by a legislative body to set the maximum time after an event within which legal proceedings may be initiated. ("Time for commencing proceedings") In most jurisdictions, such periods exist for both criminal law and civil law such as contract law and property law, though often under different names and with varying details. When the time which is specified in a statute of limitations runs out, a claim might no longer be filed or, if it is filed, it may be subject to dismissal if the defense against that claim is raised that the claim is time-barred as having been filed after the statutory limitations period. When a statute of limitations expires in a criminal case, the courts no longer have jurisdiction. Most common crimes that have statutes of limitations are distinguished from particularly serious crimes because the latter claims may be brought at any time. In civil law systems, such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Convention On Human Rights
The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR; formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international convention to protect human rights and political freedoms in Europe. Drafted in 1950 by the then newly formed Council of Europe,The Council of Europe should not be confused with the Council of the European Union or the European Council. the convention entered into force on 3 September 1953. All Council of Europe member states are party to the Convention and new members are expected to ratify the convention at the earliest opportunity. The Convention established the European Court of Human Rights (generally referred to by the initials ECHR). Any person who feels their rights have been violated under the Convention by a state party can take a case to the Court. Judgments finding violations are binding on the States concerned and they are obliged to execute them. The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe monitors the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Court Of Human Rights
The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR or ECtHR), also known as the Strasbourg Court, is an international court of the Council of Europe which interprets the European Convention on Human Rights. The court hears applications alleging that a contracting state has breached one or more of the human rights enumerated in the Convention or its optional protocols to which a member state is a party. The European Convention on Human Rights is also referred to by the initials "ECHR". The court is based in Strasbourg, France. An application can be lodged by an individual, a group of individuals, or one or more of the other contracting states. Aside from judgments, the court can also issue advisory opinions. The convention was adopted within the context of the Council of Europe, and all of its 46 member states are contracting parties to the convention. Russia, having been expelled from the Council of Europe as of 16 March 2022, ceased to be a party to the convention with effect from 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Commission For Human Rights
The European Commission of Human Rights was a special body of the Council of Europe. From 1954 to the entry into force of Protocol 11 to the European Convention on Human Rights, individuals did not have direct access to the European Court of Human Rights; they had to apply to the commission, which if it found the case to be well-founded would launch a case in the Court on the individual's behalf. Protocol 11 which came into force in 1998 abolished the commission, enlarged the Court, and allowed individuals to take cases directly to it. List of cases *Greek case In September 1967, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the Netherlands brought the Greek case to the European Commission of Human Rights, alleging violations of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR) by the Greek junta, which had taken power ea ... References * Arthur W. Diamond Law LibrarThe European Human Rights System and the European Court of Human Rights. Research Guide [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Democracy Party
People's Democracy Party ( tr, Halkın Demokrasi Partisi, HADEP) was a Kurdish political party in Turkey. Murat Bozlak founded the party on 11 May 1994. The party disbanded in 2003. History Bozlak's first chairmanship Party founder and attorney Murat Bozlak was the party's first chairman, serving between 1994 and 1999. During the campaign for the parliamentary elections of 1995, the political environment was hostile to HADEP and the Welfare Party (RP). HADEP was permitted to compete to limit the influence of the RP. After the elections, allegations of fraud emerged because a HADEP candidate allegedly did not receive any votes in his home village, which included his wife. At the party congress in June 1996, masked men dropped the Turkish flag and raised the PKK flag. As a result, all HADEP members present at the congress were arrested. The party came under pressure when Italy refused to extradite Abdullah Öcalan to Turkey. Dozens of party members were detained and accus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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