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Leucoagaricus Meleagris
''Leucoagaricus meleagris'' is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae. Taxonomy Originally classified as ''Gymnopus meleagris'' by the British mycologist Samuel Frederick Gray in 1821 and reclassified as ''Leucoagaricus meleagris'' by the German mycologist Rolf Singer in 1951. Description ''Leucoagaricus meleagris'' is a small dapperling mushrooms with white flesh in the cap and brown flesh in the stem. Cap: 2-4cm. Starts conical before becoming convex with a large wide umbo. It is covered with fine scales. Stem: 7-8cm. May be club shaped and bulging in the middle with an annulus. Gills: Creamy white discolouring to yellowy brown with age. Freely attached to stipe. Spore print: White. Spores: Ellipsoid with a tiny pore. Smooth. Dextrinoid. 8-11 x 6-7.5 μm. Taste: Slightly farinaceous Flour is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. Flours are used to make many different foods. Cereal flour, particularly wheat flour, is the ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Frederick Gray
Samuel Frederick Gray (10 December 1766 – 12 April 1828) was a British botanist, mycologist, and pharmacologist. He was the father of the zoologists John Edward Gray and George Robert Gray. Background He was the son of Samuel Gray, a London seedsman. He received no inheritance and, after failing to qualify for medicine, turned to medical and botanical writing. He married Elizabeth Forfeit in 1794 and moved to Walsall, Staffordshire, where he established an assay office before he moved back to London in 1800. He set up an apothecary business in Wapping, which failed within a few years. Then, he seems to have maintained himself by writing and lecturing. Medical writings Gray wrote a ''Supplement to the Pharmacopoeia'', published in 1818 with several subsequent editions. In 1819, he became co-editor of the ''London Medical Repository'', to which he contributed many articles on medical, botanical, and other topics. He published, in 1823, ''The Elements of Pharmacy'' and, in 1828, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Beeli
Maurice Philippe Gaspard Beeli (21 October 1879, St-Gilles-lez-Bruxelles – 17 March 1957) was a Belgian mycologist. For more than thirty years, being encouraged by Émile De Wildeman and Walter Robyns, successive directors of the National Botanic Garden of Belgium, he collaborated on collections of fungi native to Belgium and the Belgian Congo The Belgian Congo (french: Congo belge, ; nl, Belgisch-Congo) was a Belgian colony in Central Africa from 1908 until independence in 1960. The former colony adopted its present name, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), in 1964. Colo .... Although regarded as a pioneer of Congolese mycology, he never travelled to Africa. Between 1920 and 1940, he published nearly 30 works about African mushrooms that were kept at the botanical garden, with 11 of the articles being printed in the journal "Fungi Goossensiani". He initiated work on the "''Flore iconographique des champignons du Congo''", precursor to the "''Flore illustrée ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leucoagaricus
''Leucoagaricus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Several fungus-growing ants cultivate multiple species for food. The genus contains approximately 90 species. Taxonomy This group of mushrooms was first defined as a subgenus of ''Leucocoprinus'' by Marcel Locquin in 1945, and it was then elevated to the status of genus by Rolf Singer in the journal ''Sydowia'' in 1948. The group was characterized as belonging to family Agaricaceae with white, dirty cream or pink spores which are generally small (up to 10 µm) but much bigger in one species, with a germ pore, with a pseudo-amyloid multilayered membrane, simple or ornamented, which is metachromatic in cresyl blue. The hyphae in the sporocarp are without clamp connections. There is always a ring which is initially fixed (but later may be movable). The type species is ''Leucoagaricus barssii'' (Zeller) Vellinga, which was formerly called ''L. macrorhizus''. Species Select species include: *''Leucoagaric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farinaceous
Flour is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. Flours are used to make many different foods. Cereal flour, particularly wheat flour, is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many cultures. Corn flour has been important in Mesoamerican cuisine since ancient times and remains a staple in the Americas. Rye flour is a constituent of bread in central and northern Europe. Cereal flour consists either of the endosperm, germ, and bran together (whole-grain flour) or of the endosperm alone (refined flour). ''Meal'' is either differentiable from flour as having slightly coarser particle size (degree of comminution) or is synonymous with flour; the word is used both ways. For example, the word '' cornmeal'' often connotes a grittier texture whereas corn flour connotes fine powder, although there is no codified dividing line. The CDC has cautioned not to eat raw flour doughs or batters. Raw flour can contain bacteria like '' E. coli' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annulus (mycology)
An annulus is the ring-like or collar-like structure sometimes found on the stipe of some species of mushrooms. The annulus represents the remnants of the partial veil, after it has ruptured to expose the gills or other spore-producing surface. It can also be called a ring which is what the Latin word annulus directly translates as. The modern usage of the Latin word originates from the early days of botany and mycology when species descriptions were only written in Latin. Outside of the formal setting of scientific publications which still have a Latin requirement, it will often just be referred to as a ring or stem ring in field guide A field guide is a book designed to help the reader identify wildlife (flora or fauna) or other objects of natural occurrence (e.g. rocks and minerals). It is generally designed to be brought into the "field" or local area where such objects exi ...s and on identification websites. Ring descriptions The way in which the structure and appea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umbo (mycology)
'' Cantharellula umbonata'' has an umbo. The cap of '' Psilocybe makarorae'' is acutely papillate.">papillate.html" ;"title="Psilocybe makarorae'' is acutely papillate">Psilocybe makarorae'' is acutely papillate. An umbo is a raised area in the center of a mushroom cap. pileus (mycology), Caps that possess this feature are called ''umbonate''. Umbos that are sharply pointed are called ''acute'', while those that are more rounded are ''broadly umbonate''. If the umbo is elongated, it is ''cuspidate'', and if the umbo is sharply delineated but not elongated (somewhat resembling the shape of a human areola The human areola (''areola mammae'', or ) is the pigmented area on the breast around the nipple. Areola, more generally, is a small circular area on the body with a different histology from the surrounding tissue, or other small circular ar ...), it is called '' mammilate'' or ''papillate''. References {{reflist Fungal morphology and anatomy Mycology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricaceae
The Agaricaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi and include the genus ''Agaricus'', as well as basidiomycetes previously classified in the families Tulostomataceae, Lepiotaceae, and Lycoperdaceae. Taxonomy The family Agaricaceae was published by French botanist François Fulgis Chevallier in 1826. It is named after the type genus ''Agaricus'', originally circumscribed by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work ''Species Plantarum''. In his authoritative 1986 classification of the Agaricales, Rolf Singer divided the Agaricaceae into four tribes distinguished largely by spore color: ''Leucocoprineae'', ''Agariceae'', ''Lepioteae'', and ''Cystodermateae''. Genera once classified in the families Tulostomataceae, Battarreaceae, Lycoperdaceae, and Mycenastraceae have since been moved to the Agaricaceae based on molecular phylogenetics studies. According to a standard reference text, the Agaricaceae contains 85 genera and 1340 species. Description Agaricaceae species use a wide variety o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungus
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Rick
Johannes (João Evangelista) Rick (19 January 1869 – 1946) was an Austrian-born Brazilian priest and mycologist considered the "father of Brazilian mycology". He was the first to systematically document the fungal biodiversity, particularly the macrofungi, of Southern Brazil. Rick established communications with several contemporary mycologists, such as Giacomo Bresadola, Curtis Gates Lloyd, Heinrich Rehm, and Hans Sydow, who helped him identify his Brazilian collections. Rick was a schoolteacher in Feldkirch from 1894 to 1898 before becoming a theology student in Valkenburg (Netherlands) from 1899 until 1902. After moving to Brazil in 1902, he was a teacher until 1915, then a social worker from 1915 to 1929, and finally Professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who pr .. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Christoph Hennings
Paul Christoph Hennings (November 27, 1841 – October 14, 1908) was a German mycologist and herbarium curator. He discovered the study of cryptogams and mushrooms as a volunteer at the botanical garden. Although circumstances initially prevented him to study in that area, he later returned to natural sciences and eventually rose to a position at the largest herbarium in Germany. Originally interested in all non-higher plants, he specialised into mushrooms and became particularly versed in tropical species sent from abroad. Biography Borne in Heide, he was attracted early to plant sciences early and as a young man attracted the attention of director Ernst Ferdinand Nolte while a volunteer at the Botanischer Garten der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel. After an interlude caused by the Second Schleswig War, and during which he worked in the postal services. This job, which he abhorred, forced to move a number of times until he could settle in 1867 in Hohenwestedt, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolf Singer
Rolf Singer (June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994) was a Germany, German-born mycologist and one of the most important Taxonomy (biology), taxonomists of gilled mushrooms (agarics) in the 20th century. After receiving his Ph.D. at the University of Vienna in 1931 he worked in Munich. By 1933, however, Singer left Germany for Vienna due to the political deterioration in Germany. There he met his wife, Martha Singer. From Vienna, Singer and his wife went to Barcelona, Spain, where Singer was appointed assistant professor at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. Persecution by the Spanish authorities on behalf of the Germany, German government forced Singer to leave Spain for France in 1934. After a fellowship at the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, Singer again moved, this time to Leningrad, where he was Senior Scientific Expert at the Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. During his time at the Academy, Singer made many expeditions to Siberia, the Altai Mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narcisse Théophile Patouillard
Narcisse Théophile Patouillard (2 July 1854 – 30 March 1926) was a French pharmacist and mycologist. He was born in Macornay, a town in the department of Jura (department), Jura. He studied in Besançon, then furthered his education at the École Supérieure de Pharmacie in Paris, where in 1884 he earned a diploma with a doctoral thesis involving the structure and classification of Hymenomycetes called "''Des Hyménomycètes au point de vue de leur structure et de leur classification''". Des Hyménomycètes au point de vue de leur structure et leur classification Patouillard was a practicing pharmacist for more than forty years, first in Poligny, Jura, Poligny (1881–84), and later in Fontenay-sous-Bois (1884–85), Paris (1886–1898) and Neuilly-sur-Seine (beginning in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
