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Leonhard Euler Gold Medal
The Leonhard Euler Gold Medal (Золотая медаль имени Леонарда Эйлера) is a medal named after the Swiss, German, and Russian mathematician Leonhard Euler, awarded by the Отделением математических наук (Branch of Mathematical Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences) for outstanding results in mathematics and physics. The medal was awarded once in 1957 to two scientists and since 1991 has been awarded every five years. Laureates * 1957 — Igor Kurchatov{{cite web, url=http://sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/voen-ruk2/kurchatov-iv.html, title=И. В. Курчатов (I. V. Kurchatov), website=Мартиролог "Астрономы и космофизики" (Martyrology "Astronomers and Cosmophysicists"), publisher=Космический мемориал (Space Memorial) and Felix Frankl for outstanding results in mathematics and physics * 1991 — Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov for fundamental contributions to the development of m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonhard Euler
Leonhard Euler ( , ; 15 April 170718 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, logician and engineer who founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made pioneering and influential discoveries in many other branches of mathematics such as analytic number theory, complex analysis, and infinitesimal calculus. He introduced much of modern mathematical terminology and notation, including the notion of a mathematical function. He is also known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy and music theory. Euler is held to be one of the greatest mathematicians in history and the greatest of the 18th century. A statement attributed to Pierre-Simon Laplace expresses Euler's influence on mathematics: "Read Euler, read Euler, he is the master of us all." Carl Friedrich Gauss remarked: "The study of Euler's works will remain the best school for the different fields of mathematics, and nothing else can replace it." Euler is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Academy Of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such as libraries, publishing units, and hospitals. Peter the Great established the Academy (then the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences) in 1724 with guidance from Gottfried Leibniz. From its establishment, the Academy benefitted from a slate of foreign scholars as professors; the Academy then gained its first clear set of goals from the 1747 Charter. The Academy functioned as a university and research center throughout the mid-18th century until the university was dissolved, leaving research as the main pillar of the institution. The rest of the 18th century continuing on through the 19th century consisted of many published academic works from Academy scholars and a few Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igor Kurchatov
Igor Vasil'evich Kurchatov (russian: Игорь Васильевич Курчатов; 12 January 1903 – 7 February 1960), was a Soviet physicist who played a central role in organizing and directing the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. As many of his contemporaries in Russia, Kurchatov, initially educated as a naval architect, was an ''autodict'' in nuclear physics and was brought by Soviet establishment to accelerate the feasibility of the "super bomb". Aided by effective intelligence management by Soviet agencies on American Manhattan Project, Kurchatov oversaw the quick development and testing of the first Soviet nuclear weapon, which was roughly based on the first American device, at Semipalatinsk in Kazakhstan in 1949. Kurchatov, a recipient of many former Soviet honors, had a instrumental role in modern nuclear industry in Russia but his health decline rapidly that is mainly attributed to a 1949 radiation accident in Chelyabinsk-40 (a much more serious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felix Frankl
Felix Issidorowitsch Frankl (12 March 1905, Vienna – 7 Aprile 1961, Nalchik russian: Феликс Исидорович Франкль) was an Austrian mathematician, who went to live in the Soviet Union where he had an academic career as a university professor. He studied topology at the Faculty of Mathematics of the University of Vienna under Hans Hahn, gaining his doctorate in 1927. Frankl went to live in the Soviet Union in 1929. Here he initially collaborated with Lev Pontryagin in topology (they a paper co-authored a paper published in 1930 in the ''Mathematische Annalen''. His interests then shifted to certain particular differential equations which are important for high-speed aerodynamics. These differential equations were of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic type. They determined the transition in aerodynamics between transonic and supersonic speeds. He attended the First International Topological Conference held in Moscow in 1935. In 1957 he was awarded the Leonhard Euler Gol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov
Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov (russian: Алекса́ндр Дани́лович Алекса́ндров, alternative transliterations: ''Alexandr'' or ''Alexander'' (first name), and ''Alexandrov'' (last name)) (4 August 1912 – 27 July 1999) was a Soviet/Russian mathematician, physicist, philosopher and mountaineer. Personal Life Aleksandr Aleksandrov was born in 1912 in Volyn, Ryazan Oblast. His father was a headmaster of a secondary school in St Petersburg and his mother a teacher at said school, thus the young Alekandrov spent a majority of his childhood in the city. His family was old Russian nobility—students noted ancestral portraits which hung in his office. His sisters were Soviet botanist Vera Danilovna Aleksandrov (RU) and Maria Danilovna Aleksandrova, author of the first monograph on gerontopsychology in the USSR. In 1937, he married a student of the Faculty of Physics, Marianna Leonidovna Georg. Together they had two children: Daria (b. 1948) and Daniil (R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yury Osipov
Yury Sergeyevich Osipov (russian: Ю́рий Серге́евич О́сипов; born 7 July 1936) is a Soviet and Russian mathematician. He was elected a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1987 and was a president of its successor, the Russian Academy of Sciences from 17 December 1991 to 29 May 2013. Biography Osipov was born in Tobolsk (in present-day Tyumen Oblast, Russia). In 1959 he graduated from the Department of Mechanics and Mathematics of the Ural State University (Yekaterinburg, Russia). His teacher was Nikolai Krasovsky, famous scientist and founder of the Ural scientific school in mathematical theory of control and the theory of differential games. From 1961 to 1969 he worked at the Ural State University. From 1970 to 1993 he worked at the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (later, of the Russian Academy of Sciences) in Yekaterinburg (from 1986 to 1993 he was the chief of the Institute). In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludvig Faddeev
Ludvig Dmitrievich Faddeev (also ''Ludwig Dmitriyevich''; russian: Лю́двиг Дми́триевич Фадде́ев; 23 March 1934 – 26 February 2017) was a Soviet and Russian mathematical physicist. He is known for the discovery of the Faddeev equations in the theory of the quantum mechanical three-body problem and for the development of path integral methods in the quantization of non-abelian gauge field theories, including the introduction (with Victor Popov) of Faddeev–Popov ghosts. He led the Leningrad School, in which he along with many of his students developed the quantum inverse scattering method for studying quantum integrable systems in one space and one time dimension. This work led to the invention of quantum groups by Drinfeld and Jimbo. Biography Faddeev was born in Leningrad to a family of mathematicians. His father, Dmitry Faddeev, was a well known algebraist, professor of Leningrad University and member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valery Vasilevich Kozlov
Valery Vasilevich Kozlov (Валерий Васильевич Козлов, born 1 January 1950 in Ryazan Oblast) is a Russian mathematician and mathematical physicist. Education and career Kozlov studied from 1967 at the Moscow State University with his undergraduate degree in 1972 and his Candidate of Sciences degree in 1974 under Andrei Kolmogorov with thesis Качественное исследование движения тяжёлого твёрдого тела в интегрируемых случаях (Qualitative study of the motion of a heavy rigid body in integrable cases). At Moscow State University he was a lecturer and assistant and completed in 1978 his Russian Doctor of Sciences degree (habilitation) in 1978 with thesis Вопросы качественного анализа в динамике твёрдого тела (Questions of qualitative analysis in the dynamics of a rigid body). At Moscow State University he became in 1983 a professor of theoretical m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Novikov (mathematician)
Sergei Petrovich Novikov ( Russian: Серге́й Петро́вич Но́виков ; 20 March 19386 June 2024) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician, noted for work in both algebraic topology and soliton theory. He became the first Soviet mathematician to receive the Fields Medal in 1970. Biography Novikov was born on 20 March 1938 in Gorky, Soviet Union (now Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). He grew up in a family of talented mathematicians. His father was Pyotr Sergeyevich Novikov, who gave a negative solution to the word problem for groups. His mother, Lyudmila Vsevolodovna Keldysh, and maternal uncle, Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh, were also important mathematicians. Novikov entered Moscow State University in 1955 and graduated in 1960. In 1964, he received the Moscow Mathematical Society Award for young mathematicians and defended a dissertation for the ''Candidate of Science in Physics and Mathematics'' degree (equivalent to the PhD) under Mikhail Postnikov at Moscow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igor Shafarevich
Igor Rostislavovich Shafarevich (russian: И́горь Ростисла́вович Шафаре́вич; 3 June 1923 – 19 February 2017) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician who contributed to algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. Outside mathematics, he wrote books and articles that criticised socialism and other books which were (controversially) described as anti-semitic. Mathematics From his early years, Shafarevich made fundamental contributions to several parts of mathematics including algebraic number theory, algebraic geometry and arithmetic algebraic geometry. In particular, in algebraic number theory, the Shafarevich–Weil theorem extends the commutative reciprocity map to the case of Galois groups, which are central extensions of abelian groups by finite groups. Shafarevich was the first mathematician to give a completely self-contained formula for the Hilbert pairing, thus initiating an important branch of the study of explicit formulas in number theo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academic Awards
An academy ( Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 385 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and skill, north of Athens, Greece. Etymology The word comes from the ''Academy'' in ancient Greece, which derives from the Athenian hero, '' Akademos''. Outside the city walls of Athens, the gymnasium was made famous by Plato as a center of learning. The sacred space, dedicated to the goddess of wisdom, Athena, had formerly been an olive grove, hence the expression "the groves of Academe". In these gardens, the philosopher Plato conversed with followers. Plato developed his sessions into a method of teaching philosophy and in 387 BC, established what is known today as the Old Academy. By extension, ''academia'' has come to mean the accumulatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awards Established In 1957
An award, sometimes called a distinction, is something given to a recipient as a token of recognition of excellence in a certain field. When the token is a medal, ribbon or other item designed for wearing, it is known as a decoration. An award may be described by three aspects: 1) who is given 2) what 3) by whom, all varying according to purpose. The recipient is often to a single person, such as a student or athlete, or a representative of a group of people, be it an organisation, a sports team or a whole country. The award item may be a decoration, that is an insignia suitable for wearing, such as a medal, badge, or rosette (award). It can also be a token object such as certificate, diploma, championship belt, trophy, or plaque. The award may also be or be accompanied by a title of honor, as well as an object of direct value such as prize money or a scholarship. Furthermore, an honorable mention is an award given, typically in education, that does not confer the recipien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
