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Lange Island
Lange Island ( no, Langeøya) is the largest of the Bastian Islands in the Svalbard archipelago. It lies east of Wilhelm Island and northeast of Spitsbergen. The island is essentially a long series of low basalt cliffs measuring from east to west, connected by sand bars. Its highest points, both unnamed, stand at its west and east ends, both reaching an elevation of above sea level. The cliffs between then reach elevations of . The northwest end of the island is named Dove Spit ( no, Doveneset) and the southwest end Lange Point ( no, Langesporden, literally 'Lange Fishtail'). The closest neighboring islands are Ehrenberg Island about to the north and Peschel Island about to the southwest. The wildlife consists largely of polar bears. The Bastian Islands were discovered in 1867 by the Swedish-Norwegian polar explorer Nils Fredrik Rønnbeck, who was the first to sail around Spitsbergen. Most of the Bastian Islands were named during the First German North Polar Expedition Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bastian Islands
The Bastian Islands ( no, Bastianøyane) are a group of islands in Hinlopen Strait, Svalbard. The islands are located southeast of Wilhelm Island. The islands are named after German explorer Adolf Bastian. The Bastian Islands are the northern islands of a larger group, and the southern islands of this group are called the Rønnbeck Islands The Rønnbeck Islands ( no, Rønnbeckøyane) are a group of islands in Hinlopen Strait, Svalbard. They are located south of the Bastian Islands The Bastian Islands ( no, Bastianøyane) are a group of islands in Hinlopen Strait, Svalbard. The isl .... References Islands of Svalbard {{svalbard-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svalbard
Svalbard ( , ), also known as Spitsbergen, or Spitzbergen, is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. North of mainland Europe, it is about midway between the northern coast of Norway and the North Pole. The islands of the group range from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude. The largest island is Spitsbergen, followed by Nordaustlandet and . The largest settlement is Longyearbyen. The islands were first used as a base by the whalers who sailed far north in the 17th and 18th centuries, after which they were abandoned. Coal mining started at the beginning of the 20th century, and several permanent communities were established. The Svalbard Treaty of 1920 recognizes Norwegian sovereignty, and the 1925 Svalbard Act made Svalbard a full part of the Kingdom of Norway. They also established Svalbard as a free economic zone and a demilitarized zone. The Norwegian Store Norske and the Russian remain the only mining companies in place. Res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Island
Wilhelm Island ( no, Wilhelmøya) is an island in the Svalbard archipelago. It is situated northeast of Olav V Land on Spitsbergen, in Hinlopen Strait. Its area is 120 km². About 33.5 % of the island is covered with ice. The island was named after Wilhelm I. See also * List of islands of Norway This is a list of islands of Norway sorted by name. For a list sorted by area, see List of islands of Norway by area. A * Alden * Aldra * Algrøy * Alsta * Altra * Anda * Andabeløya * Andørja * Andøya, Vesterålen * Andøya, Agder * ... References Islands of Svalbard Uninhabited islands of Norway {{svalbard-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spitsbergen
Spitsbergen (; formerly known as West Spitsbergen; Norwegian: ''Vest Spitsbergen'' or ''Vestspitsbergen'' , also sometimes spelled Spitzbergen) is the largest and the only permanently populated island of the Svalbard archipelago in northern Norway. Constituting the westernmost bulk of the archipelago, it borders the Arctic Ocean, the Norwegian Sea, and the Greenland Sea. Spitsbergen covers an area of , making it the largest island in Norway and the 36th-largest in the world. The administrative centre is Longyearbyen. Other settlements, in addition to research outposts, are the Russian mining community of Barentsburg, the research community of Ny-Ålesund, and the mining outpost of Sveagruva. Spitsbergen was covered in of ice in 1999, which was approximately 58.5% of the island's total area. The island was first used as a whaling base in the 17th and 18th centuries, after which it was abandoned. Coal mining started at the end of the 19th century, and several permanent commun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ehrenberg Island
Ehrenberg Island ( no, Ehrenbergøya) is a minor island in the Bastian Islands in the Svalbard archipelago. It lies north of Lange Island. The island has the shape of an inverted teardrop and its highest elevation is above sea level. The closest neighboring islands are Lange Island about to the south and Wilhelm Island about to the east. The wildlife consists largely of polar bears. Most of the Bastian Islands were named during the First German North Polar Expedition in 1868. Ehrenberg Island is named after the German zoologist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (19 April 1795 – 27 June 1876) was a German naturalist, zoologist, comparative anatomist, geologist, and microscopist. Ehrenberg was an evangelist and was considered to be of the most famous and productive scie .... References Islands of Svalbard {{svalbard-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peschel Island
Peschel IslandKoldewey, Carl. 2015. ''The German Arctic Expedition 1869/1870: Narrative of the Wreck of the Hansa in the Ice''. Reprint (London, 1874). Bremen: Maritime Press, p. 442. ( no, Pescheløya) is the third-largest of the Bastian Islands in the Svalbard archipelago. It lies east of Wilhelm Island and northeast of Spitsbergen. The island consists of low basalt cliffs that attain an elevation of above sea level in the northern part of the island, in the east, and in the south. The closest neighboring islands are Lange Island about to the north and Wilhelm Island about to the northwest. The wildlife consists largely of polar bears. The Bastian Islands were discovered in 1867 by the Swedish-Norwegian polar explorer Nils Fredrik Rønnbeck, who was the first to sail around Spitsbergen. Most of the Bastian Islands were named during the First German North Polar Expedition in 1868, led by Carl Koldewey. This island is named after Oscar Peschel Oscar Ferdinand Peschel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polar Bears
The polar bear (''Ursus maritimus'') is a hypercarnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses. It is the largest extant bear species, as well as the largest extant land carnivore. A boar (adult male) weighs around , while a sow (adult female) is about half that size. Although it is the sister species of the brown bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological niche, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice and open water, and for hunting seals, which make up most of its diet. Although most polar bears are born on land, they spend most of their time on the sea ice. Their scientific name means "maritime bear" and derives from this fact. Polar bears hunt their preferred food of seals from the edge of sea ice, often living off fat reserves when no sea ice is present. Because of their dependence on the sea ice, polar bea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nils Fredrik Rønnbeck
Nils Fredrik Røn(n)beck ( sv, Rönnbäck, March 22, 1820 – January 4, 1891) was a Swedish-Norwegian polar skipper and ice pilot. He discovered Franz Josef Land in 1865. Life Rønnbeck was born Nils Johansson Söderlund in Storön in Kalix, in Norrbotten County, Sweden,Sivertsen, Jørgen. 1973. ''Hammerfest: 1789–1914''. Hammerfest: Hammerfest kommune, p. 131. the third child of Johan Olofsson Söderlund and Anna Lisa Olofsdotter. In 1830 the family moved from Storön to Kamlunge, also located in Kalix, and adopted the oeconym ''Rönnbäck'' as the family's surname. At age 17, Rønnbeck made his way to Haparanda and then traveled via Karesuando Karesuando (; fi, Kaaresuvanto or ; Sami: , or ) is the northernmost locality in Sweden. It is situated in Kiruna Municipality, Norrbotten County, Sweden, with 303 inhabitants in 2010 and 350 in 2011. It is a church village, located alongside ..., Kautokeino, and Alta, Norway, Alta to Hammerfest in 1838 by following the old 80- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German North Polar Expedition
The German North Polar Expeditions were a short series of mid-19th century German expeditions to the Arctic. The aim was to explore the North Pole region and to brand the newly united, Prussian-led German Empire as a great power. In 1866, German geographer August Petermann wrote a pamphlet strongly advocating German participation in the international quest for the North Pole, which stimulated a German expedition. First German North Polar Expedition The first expedition took place in the summer of 1868 and was led by Carl Koldewey on the vessel ''Grönland''. The expedition explored some hitherto unknown coastal tracts of northeastern Spitsbergen, but did otherwise not lead to any new scientific knowledge. However, it served as preparation for the second expedition. Second German North Polar Expedition The second expedition consisted of a two-vessel convoy: * – a schooner specifically constructed for the expedition, with a crew of 15 men commanded by Carl Koldewey * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Koldewey
Carl Christian Koldewey (26 October 1837 – 17 May 1908) was a German Arctic explorer. He led both German North Polar Expeditions. Life and career Koldewey was the son of merchant Johann Christian Koldewey and his wife Wilhelmine Meyer. Koldewey enrolled as a sailor in 1853 immediately after Grammar school at Clausthal. At age 22, he attended the Naval school in Bremen, where he was among Arthur Breusing's best pupils. Later he went to sea again but returned to Naval school in 1861. After becoming a captain, Koldewey studied mathematics, physics, and astronomy at the universities of Hanover and Göttingen between 1866 and 1867. Expeditions Through his teacher Breusing and encouraged by August Petermann Koldewey was given the leadership of the first Arctic expedition as captain of ship ''Grönland''. He had the choice of either advancing northwards as far as possible along Greenland's east coast or to reach so-called Gillis-Land by travelling around Spitsbergen. But adverse con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Lange
Karl Julius Heinrich Lange (13 April 1821 – 30 April 1893) was a German cartographer. Biography He was born at Stettin. He worked with Heinrich Berghaus, Berghaus, and then labored three years in Edinburgh on Alexander Keith Johnston (1804–1871), Alexander Keith Johnston's ''Physical Atlas''. Beginning in 1847, he studied under Carl Ritter and Heinrich Wilhelm Dove in Berlin. In 1855 he entered the employ of Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus, Brockhaus's firm at the head of the geographical department; retired in 1860; and in 1868 became inspector in the Berlin Statistical Bureau. Works He published: * ''Atlas von Nordamerika'' (1854) * ''Brockhaus' Reiseatlas'' (1858–73) * ''Land und Seekarte des Mittelländischen Meers'' (2nd ed. 1870) * ''Südbrasilien, die Provinzen São Pedro do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catharina u.Paraná'' with 26 illustrations/photos and 3 maps. (2nd ed. 1885) Legacy Lange Island and its southwest end, Lange Point, in Norway's Svalbard archipelago are n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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