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Lancashire Process
The Lancashire hearth was used to fine pig iron, removing carbon to produce wrought iron. Origins Until the early 19th century, the usual method of producing wrought iron involved a charcoal-fired finery in a finery forge. In the beginning of the 19th century this became an obsolete process and was slowly replaced by the coal-fueled puddling process. However, charcoal continued to be used in some forges after most of the iron industry had abandoned it for coke.R. Hayman, 'Charcoal ironmaking in nineteenth-century Shropshire' ''Economic History Review'' 61 (2008), 80-98. In 1813 when John Bradley & Co. (whose leading partner was James Foster) took over forges at Eardington in Shropshire, a potting and stamping forge, they reverted to using charcoal. In 1820, he bought Hampton Loade Forge, which then became a tinplate works and in 1826 another charcoal forge. This was followed by other charcoal forges at Horsehay in 1832 and at the Old Park ironworks of the Botfield f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Stour (Worcestershire)
The Stour is a river flowing through the counties of Worcestershire, the West Midlands and Staffordshire in the West Midlands region of England. The Stour is a major tributary of the River Severn, and it is about in length. It has played a considerable part in the economic history of the region. Etymology and usage The river-name ''Stour'', common in England, does not occur at all in Wales; Crawford noted two tributaries of the Po River near Turin, spelled ''Sture''. In Germany the ''Stoer'' (Stör) flows into the River Elbe. The name ''Stour'' is pronounced differently in different cases. The Kentish Stour rhymes with ''tour''; the Oxfordshire Stour is sometimes rhymes with ''mower'', sometimes with ''hour''. The Worcestershire and Suffolk Stour always rhyme with ''hour''. The origin of the name(s) remains in dispute. The Middle English word '' stour'' has two distinct meanings and derivations, still current enough to appear in most substantial dictionaries. As an adjectiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuyere
A tuyere or tuyère (; ) is a tube, nozzle or pipe through which air is blown into a furnace or hearth.W. K. V. Gale, The iron and Steel industry: a dictionary of terms (David and Charles, Newton Abbot 1972), 216–217. Air or oxygen is injected into a hearth under pressure from bellows or a blowing engine or other devices. This causes the fire to be hotter in front of the blast than it would otherwise have been, enabling metals to be smelted or melted or made hot enough to be worked in a forge, though these are blown only with air. This applies to any process where a blast is delivered under pressure to make a fire hotter. The term (like many technical terms relating to ironmaking) was introduced to England from French with the new technology of the blast furnace and finery forge in around 1500, and was sometimes anglicised as tue-iron or tue iron. Following the introduction of hot blast, tuyeres are often water-cooled. Examples * A bloomery normally had one tuyere. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lancashire Hearth Drawing
Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a historic county, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significantly. The non-metropolitan county of Lancashire was created by the Local Government Act 1972. It is administered by Lancashire County Council, based in Preston, and twelve district councils. Although Lancaster is still considered the county town, Preston is the administrative centre of the non-metropolitan county. The ceremonial county has the same boundaries except that it also includes Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen, which are unitary authorities. The historic county of Lancashire is larger and includes the cities of Manchester and Liverpool as well as the Furness and Cartmel peninsulas, but excludes Bowland area of the West Riding of Yorkshire transferred to the non-metropolitan county in 1974 History Before the county During Roman times the area was part of the Brigante ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramnäs
Ramnäs () is a locality situated in Surahammar Municipality, Västmanland County, Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ... with 1,465 inhabitants in 2010. In 2014, the area around Ramnas saw the largest forest fire in Sweden in modern times. References Populated places in Västmanland County Populated places in Surahammar Municipality {{Västmanland-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Söderfors
Söderfors () is a locality situated in Tierp Municipality, Uppsala County Uppsala County ( sv, Uppsala län) is a county or ''län'' on the eastern coast of Sweden, whose capital is the city of Uppsala. It borders the counties of Dalarna, Stockholm, Södermanland, Västmanland, Gävleborg, and the Baltic Sea. Prov ..., Sweden with 1,572 inhabitants in 2010. Riksdag elections References {{DEFAULTSORT:Soderfors Populated places in Uppsala County Populated places in Tierp Municipality ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harrison Ainslie
The firm of Harrison Ainslie & Co. was a British firm of ironmasters and iron ore merchants, selling high quality haematite from their mines on Lindal Moor to smelters in Glasgow, Scotland, South Wales and the Midlands. From a 21st-century perspective, they are more interesting as the last operators of charcoal-fired blast furnaces in Great Britain. Their furnaces were stone-built, water-powered, and much smaller than the coke-fired furnaces of the same era. Managers At various times the company was known as Richard Ford & Co, the Newland Co, George Knott & Co, Knott, Ainslie & Co, Harrison Ainslie & Co, Harrison Ainslie, Roper & Co, and finally as Harrison Ainslie & Co Ltd. Associated companies were the Hampshire Haematite Iron Co, Melfort Gunpowder Co, Lorn Furnace Co and Barrow & Ulverston Rope Co. Newland Furnace was built in 1747 by Richard Ford, William Ford, Michael Knott and James Backhouse. Richard Ford was born in Middlewich in 1697. He was active in the Furness ir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cumbria
Cumbria ( ) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in North West England, bordering Scotland. The county and Cumbria County Council, its local government, came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. Cumbria's county town is Carlisle, in the north of the county. Other major settlements include Barrow-in-Furness, Kendal, Whitehaven and Workington. The administrative county of Cumbria consists of six districts ( Allerdale, Barrow-in-Furness, Carlisle, Copeland, Eden and South Lakeland) and, in 2019, had a population of 500,012. Cumbria is one of the most sparsely populated counties in England, with 73.4 people per km2 (190/sq mi). On 1 April 2023, the administrative county of Cumbria will be abolished and replaced with two new unitary authorities: Westmorland and Furness (Barrow-in-Furness, Eden, South Lakeland) and Cumberland ( Allerdale, Carlisle, Copeland). Cumbria is the third largest ceremonial county in England by area. It i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furness
Furness ( ) is a peninsula and region of Cumbria in northwestern England. Together with the Cartmel Peninsula it forms North Lonsdale, historically an exclave of Lancashire. The Furness Peninsula, also known as Low Furness, is an area of villages, agricultural land and low-lying moorland, with the industrial town of Barrow at its head. The peninsula is bordered by the estuaries of the River Duddon to the west and the River Leven in Morecambe Bay to the east. The wider region of Furness consists of the peninsula and the area known as ''High Furness'', which is a relatively mountainous and sparsely populated part of England, extending inland into the Lake District and containing the Furness Fells. The inland boundary of the region is formed by the rivers Leven, Brathay and Duddon, and the lake of Windermere. Off the southern tip of Furness is Walney Island, long, as well as several smaller islands. The Borough of Barrow-in-Furness, which developed when the Furness iron ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulverston
Ulverston is a market town and a civil parish in the South Lakeland district of Cumbria, England. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 11,524, increasing at the 2011 census to 11,678. Historically in Lancashire, it lies a few miles south of the Lake District National Park and just north-west of Morecambe Bay, within the Furness Peninsula. Lancaster is to the east, Barrow-in-Furness to the south-west and Kendal to the north-east. History The name ''Ulverston'', first noted as ''Ulurestun'' in the Domesday Book of 1086, consists of an Old Norse personal name, ''Úlfarr'', or the Old English ''Wulfhere'', with the Old English ''tūn'', meaning farmstead or village. The personal names ''Úlfarr'' and ''Wulfhere'' both imply "wolf warrior" or "wolf army", which explains the presence of a wolf on the town's coat of arms. The loss of the initial W in ''Wulfhere'' can be linked to Scandinavian influence in the region. Locally, the town has traditionally been kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
