|
Lampyrinae
The Lampyrinae are a large subfamily of fireflies (Lampyridae). The exact delimitation, and the internal systematics, have until recently been a matter of debate; for long this group was used as a "wastebin taxon" to hold any fireflies with insufficiently resolved relationships. Regardless, they are very diverse even as a good monophyletic group, containing flashing and continuous-glow fireflies from the Holarctic and some tropical forms as well. The ancestral Lampyrinae probably had no or very primitive light signals; in any case several modern lineages appear to have returned to the pheromone A pheromone () is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting like hormones outside the body of the secreting individual, to affect the behavio ... communication of their ancestors independently.Stanger-Hall, Kathrin F.; Lloyd, James E. & Hillis, David M. (2007): Phylogeny of North Ameri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamprigera Yunnana
''Lamprigera'' is a poorly resolved genus of fireflies or glow-worms in the subfamily Lampyrinae, possibly placed in tribe Photinini. Species of the genus ''Lamprigera'' are found in Asia. Species The ''Global Biodiversity Information Facility'' lists: * ''Lamprigera angustior'' Fairmaire, 1886 * ''Lamprigera boyei'' Motschulsky, 1853 * ''Lamprigera crassus'' Gorham, 1880 * ''Lamprigera diffinis'' Walker, 1858 * ''Lamprigera lutosipennis'' Fairmaire, 1897 * ''Lamprigera marusii'' Pic, 1955 * ''Lamprigera minor'' E.Olivier, 1885 * ''Lamprigera morator'' (E.Olivier, 1891) * ''Lamprigera nepalensis'' (Hope, 1831) * ''Lamprigera nitens'' E.Olivier, 1885 * ''Lamprigera nitidicollis'' (Fairmaire, 1881) * ''Lamprigera scutatus'' Fairmaire, 1897 * ''Lamprigera taimoshana'' Yiu, 2017 * ''Lamprigera tarda'' (Gorham, 1895) * ''Lamprigera tenebrosa'' (Walker, 1858) * ''Lamprigera yunnana ''Lamprigera'' is a poorly resolved genus of fireflies or glow-worms in the subfamily Lampyrinae, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamprocerini
The Lamprocerini are a tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confli ... of fireflies in the large subfamily Lampyrinae, though at least some Lamprocerini species are not bioluminescent in the adult stage. They are generally neotropical, found in North America only as vagrants.Stanger-Hall ''et al.'' (2007) Systematics The group has recently been examined using molecular phylogenetics, using fairly comprehensive sampling. Genera * ''Alecton'' Laporte, 1833 * ''Lamprocera'' Laporte, 1833 * ''Lucernuta'' Laporte, 1833 * ''Lucio (beetle), Lucio'' Laporte, 1833 * ''Lychnacris'' Motschulsky, 1853 * ''Tenaspis'' LeConte, 1881 Footnotes References * (2007): Phylogeny of North American fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): Implications for the evolution of light signals. ''Molec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lampyridae
The Lampyridae are a family (biology), family of Elateroidea, elateroid beetles with more than 2,000 described species, many of which are bioluminescence, light-emitting. They are soft-bodied beetles commonly called fireflies, lightning bugs, or glowworms for their conspicuous production of light, mainly crepuscular, during twilight, to attract mates. Light production in the Lampyridae is thought to have originated as an honest signal, honest Aposematism, warning signal that the larvae were distasteful; this was co-opted in evolution as a mating signal in the adults. In a further development, female fireflies of the genus ''Photuris'' mimic the flash pattern of ''Photinus (beetle), Photinus'' species to trap their males as prey. Fireflies are found in temperate and tropical climates. Many live in marshes or in wet, wooded areas where their larvae have abundant sources of food. While all known fireflies glow as larvae, only some species produce light in their adult stage, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cratomorphini
The Cratomorphini are a tribe of fireflies of the large subfamily Lampyrinae. The genera placed here often contain well-sized members of their family. The larvae of many species climb trees to feed on snails. This group contains a few "lightning bugs" (flashing fireflies) from North America, e.g. the genus ''Pyractomena''. Further south in the American tropics, '' Aspisoma'' can be found. Systematics The group has recently been examined using molecular phylogenetics, using fairly comprehensive sampling. Genera * '' Aspisoma'' Laporte, 1833 * '' Aspisomoides'' Zaragoza-Caballero, 1995 * '' Cassidomorphus'' Motschulsky, 1853 * '' Cratomorphus'' Motschulsky, 1853 * '' Micronaspis'' Green, 1948 * '' Paracratomorphus'' Zaragoza-Caballero, 2013 * ''Pyractomena ''Pyractomena'' is a genus of fireflies in the family Lampyridae. There are at least 20 described species in ''Pyractomena''. Species References Further reading * * * * * * * * Lampyridae Lam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lampyrini
The Lampyrini are a tribe of fireflies in the large subfamily Lampyrinae. The lineage formerly separated as Pleotomini seems to be a specialized offshoot of the Lampyrini not too distant from the type genus ''Lampyris'' and is therefore included here. This tribe occurs throughout the Holarctic and contains the typical "glowing" or "continuous-light" fireflies from that region. Some otherwise very advanced Lampyrini, like species in '' Paraphausis'' and '' Pyrocoelia'', have degenerated light-producing organs again and communicate primarily or even exclusively with pheromones like the ancestors of the fireflies did.Stanger-Hall, Kathrin F.; Lloyd, James E. & Hillis, David M. (2007): Phylogeny of North American fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): Implications for the evolution of light signals. '' Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.'' 45(1): 33-49. PDF fulltext Systematics The group has recently been examined using molecular phylogenetics, using fairly comprehensive sampling. Genera * '' Afro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photinini
The Photinini are a large tribe of fireflies in the subfamily Lampyrinae. ''Photinus pyralis'' is famous in biotechnology for its luciferase gene. This is sometimes employed as a marker gene; genetically modified organisms which contain it start to glow like the firefly when brought in contact with a luciferin-containing medium. Firefly luciferases differ slightly between taxa, resulting in differently colored light and other properties, and in most cases where "firefly luciferase" is used in some application or study, it is the specific luciferase of '' P. pyralis''. Systematics The group has recently been examined using molecular phylogenetics, using fairly comprehensive sampling. Genera * '' Ankonophallus'' Zaragoza-Caballero & Navarrete-Heredia, 2014 * '' Aorphallus'' Zaragoza-Caballero & Gutierrez-Carranza, 2018 * '' Callopisma'' Motschulsky, 1853 * '' Calotrechelum'' Pic, 1930 * '' Dadophora'' Olivier, 1907 * '' Dilychnia'' Motschulsky, 1853 * '' Ellychnia'' LeConte, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleotomini
The Pleotomini are a tribe of fireflies in the large subfamily Lampyrinae The Lampyrinae are a large subfamily of fireflies (Lampyridae). The exact delimitation, and the internal systematics, have until recently been a matter of debate; for long this group was used as a " wastebin taxon" to hold any fireflies with insu .... Systematics The group has recently been examined using molecular phylogenetics, using fairly comprehensive sampling. Genera * '' Calyptocephalus'' Gray, 1832 * '' Ophoelis'' Olivier, 1911 * '' Phaenolis'' Gorham, 1880 * '' Pleotomodes'' Green, 1948 * '' Pleotomus'' LeConte, 1881 * '' Roleta'' McDermott, 1962 References Lampyridae Beetle tribes {{firefly-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to as the tropical zone and the torrid zone (see geographical zone). In terms of climate, the tropics receive sunlight that is more direct than the rest of Earth and are generally hotter and wetter as they aren't affected as much by the solar seasons. The word "tropical" sometimes refers to this sort of climate in the zone rather than to the geographical zone itself. The tropical zone includes deserts and snow-capped mountains, which are not tropical in the climatic sense. The tropics are distinguished from the other climatic and biomatic regions of Earth, which are the middle latitudes and the polar regions on either side of the equatorial zone. The tropics constitute 40% of Earth's surface area and contain 36% of Earth's landmass. , the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insect Systematics And Diversity
Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. Their blood is not totally contained in vessels; some circulates in an open cavity known as the haemocoel. Insects are the most diverse group of animals; they include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms. The total number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million; In: potentially over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth are insects. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, which are dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans, which recent research has indicated insects are nested within. Nearly all insects hatch from eggs. Insect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Phylogenetics And Evolution
''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of evolutionary biology and phylogenetics. The journal is edited by E.A. Zimmer. Indexing The journal is indexed in: *EMBiology *Journal Citation Reports *Scopus Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles (22,794 active titles and 13,583 inactive titles) from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-l ... * Web of Science External links * Elsevier academic journals Evolutionary biology journals Phylogenetics Molecular biology Publications established in 1992 Monthly journals {{biology-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pheromone
A pheromone () is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting like hormones outside the body of the secreting individual, to affect the behavior of the receiving individuals. There are ''alarm signal, alarm pheromones'', ''food trail pheromones'', ''sex pheromones'', and many others that affect behavior or physiology. Pheromones are used by many organisms, from basic unicellular prokaryotes to complex multicellular eukaryotes. Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition, some vertebrates, plants and ciliates communicate by using pheromones. The ecological functions and evolution of pheromones are a major topic of research in the field of chemical ecology. Background The portmanteau word "pheromone" was coined by Peter Karlson and Martin Lüscher in 1959, based on the Greek φερω ''pheroo'' ('I carry') and ὁρμων ''hormon'' ('stimulating'). P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Systematics
Biological systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: cladograms, phylogenetic trees, phylogenies). Phylogenies have two components: branching order (showing group relationships) and branch length (showing amount of evolution). Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (e.g., anatomical or molecular characteristics) and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics, in other words, is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth. The word systematics is derived from the Latin word '' systema,'' which means systematic arrangement of organisms. Carl Linnaeus used 'Systema Naturae' as the title of his book. Branches and applications In the study of biological systematics, researchers use the different branches to further understand the relationshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
