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Lajos Kassák
Lajos Kassák (March 21, 1887 – July 22, 1967) was a Hungarian poet, novelist, painter, essayist, editor, theoretician of the avant-garde, and occasional translator. He was among the first genuine working-class writers in Hungarian literature. Self-taught, he became a writer within the socialist movement and published journals important to the radical intellectual culture of Budapest in the early 1900s. Although he cannot be fully identified with any single avant-garde movement, he adopted elements of expressionism, futurism and dadaism. He has been described as a well-acclaimed artistic virtuoso whose strong achievements and socially committed activities interlaced with a consistent artistic vibrancy. He set the pace for the development of the avant-garde artistic wing in Hungary. Kassák is also considered to be a pioneer of a number of new developments in the Hungarian avant-garde and modernist art scene. It has been said that Kassák’s legacy was stunted and unrecog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Soviet Republic
The Socialist Federative Republic of Councils in Hungary ( hu, Magyarországi Szocialista Szövetséges Tanácsköztársaság) (due to an early mistranslation, it became widely known as the Hungarian Soviet Republic in English-language sources ( hu, Magyar Szovjet-köztársaság)), literally the Republic of Councils in Hungary ( hu, Magyarországi Tanácsköztársaság) was a short-lived Communist state that existed from 21 March 1919 to 1 August 1919 (133 days), succeeding the First Hungarian Republic. The Hungarian Soviet Republic was a small communist rump state. When the Republic of Councils in Hungary was established, it controlled only approximately 23% of the Hungary's historic territory. The head of government was Sándor Garbai, but the influence of the foreign minister Béla Kun from the Hungarian Communist Party was much stronger. Unable to reach an agreement with the Triple Entente, which maintained an economic blockade in Hungary, tormented by neighboring countrie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concrete Poetry
Concrete poetry is an arrangement of linguistic elements in which the typographical effect is more important in conveying meaning than verbal significance. It is sometimes referred to as visual poetry, a term that has now developed a distinct meaning of its own. Concrete poetry relates more to the visual than to the verbal arts although there is a considerable overlap in the kind of product to which it refers. Historically, however, concrete poetry has developed from a long tradition of shaped or patterned poems in which the words are arranged in such a way as to depict their subject. Development Though the term ‘concrete poetry’ is modern, the idea of using letter arrangements to enhance the meaning of a poem is old. Such shaped poetry was popular in Greek Alexandria during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BCE, although only the handful which were collected together in the Greek Anthology now survive. Examples include poems by Simmias of Rhodes in the shape of an egg, wings and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructivism (art)
Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere, constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial society and urban space. The movement rejected decorative stylization in favor of the industrial assemblage of materials. Constructivists were in favour of art for propaganda and social purposes, and were associated with Soviet socialism, the Bolsheviks and the Russian avant-garde. Constructivist architecture and art had a great effect on modern art movements of the 20th century, influencing major trends such as the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements. Its influence was widespread, with major effects upon architecture, sculpture, graphic design, industrial design, theatre, film, dance, fashion and, to some extent, music. Beginnings Constructivism was a post-World War I development of Russian Futurism, and particularly of the 'counter reliefs' of Vladimir Tatlin, which had been exhibited i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avant-garde
The avant-garde (; In 'advance guard' or ' vanguard', literally 'fore-guard') is a person or work that is experimental, radical, or unorthodox with respect to art, culture, or society.John Picchione, The New Avant-garde in Italy: Theoretical Debate and Poetic Practices' (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004), p. 64 . It is frequently characterized by aesthetic innovation and initial unacceptability.Kostelanetz, Richard, ''A Dictionary of the Avant-Gardes'', Routledge, May 13, 2013 The avant-garde pushes the boundaries of what is accepted as the norm or the '' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyugat
''Nyugat'' ( Hungarian for ''West''; pronounced similar to ''New-Got''), was an important Hungarian literary journal in the first half of the 20th century. Writers and poets from that era are referred to as "1st/2nd/3rd generation of the NYUGAT". History and profile ''Nyugat'' was founded in 1908 and initially edited by Ignotus (Hugo Veigelsberg), Ernő Osvát, and Miksa Fenyő. The magazine was receptive and inspired by the styles and philosophies then current in Western Europe, including naturalism, Symbolism, and impressionism. ''Nyugat'' published both poetry and prose writing. The first generation included the poets Endre Ady, Árpád Tóth, Mihály Babits, Dezső Kosztolányi, Gyula Juhász, Géza Gyóni and the novelists Gyula Krúdy and Zsigmond Móricz. During World War I, ''Nyugat'', was challenged by leftist literary circles, particularly the grouping around Lajos Kassák who published first ''A Tett'' and then '' MA''. This left ''Nyugat'' frustrated and de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egység
''Egység'' was a communist Hungarian art magazine published in Vienna and Berlin between 1922 and 1924. The full title was ''Egység, Irodalom, Müvészet'' which means "Unity, Literature, Art". Éva Forgács, Tyrus Miller, (2013) "The Avant-Garde in Budapest and in Exile in Vienna: ''A Tett'' (1915-6), ''Ma'' (Budapest 1916-9; Vienna 1920-6), ''Egység'' (1922-4), ''Akasztott Ember'' (1922), ''2x2'' (1922), ''Ék'' (1923-4), ''Is'' (1924), ''365'' (1925), ''Dokumentum'' (1926-7), and ''Munka'' (1928-39)", in ''The Oxford Critical and Cultural History of Modernist Magazines, Vol. 3: Europe, 1880-1940'', Oxford University Press, 2013, pp 1128-1156. It was edited by Béla Uitz and Aladár Komját. They had previously been aligned with Lajos Kassák and his journal '' MA''. Whereas Kassak advocated an ideologically autonomous artistic avantgarde, ''Egység'' advocated that artistic activity should be more closely aligned with other aspects of class struggle and was critical of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aladár Komját
Aladár Komját (11 February 1891, Kassa – 3 January 1937, Paris) was a Hungarian poet and communist activist. Komját broke with Lajos Kassák and the circle of artists around '' MA'' in 1917 and participated in the founding of the Communist Party of Hungary in 1918. In 1919 he worked with Gyula Hevesi to launch the first Hungarian communist journal, ''Internationálé''. He joined Béla Uitz in editing'' Egység'', a journal they launched in 1922 while in exile in Vienna. In 1931 Komját was involved in debates amongst the German literary avant-garde allying himself with Karl Biro-Rosinger and Hans Marchwitza in advocating a more proletarian approach to writing which challenged the positions of Karl August Wittfogel Karl August Wittfogel (6 September 1896 – 25 May 1988) was a German-American playwright, historian, and sinologist. He was originally a Marxist and an active member of the Communist Party of Germany, but after the Second World War, he was an e .... Refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Béla Uitz
Béla Uitz (8 March 1887, Mehála, Kingdom of Hungary (today part of Timișoara, Romania) – 26 January 1972, Budapest, Hungary) was a Hungarian painter and communist activist. In 1907 he studied at the Hungarian National School of Applied Arts before moving on to the Hungarian Academy of Fine Arts in 1908. He was a contributor to the anarchist- pacifist magazine '' A Tett'', published by Lajos Kassák 1915-1916. After ''A Tett'' was suppressed by the authorities, Kassák launched '' MA'' in 1917 and Uiotz joined the editorial team. He attended the "Russian Evening" organised by ''MA'' on 20 November 1920 in Vienna. This led him to rethink his political-artistic stance. In "Jegyzetek a 'Ma' orosz estélyéhez" (Notes on MAs Russian evening) an article published in MA he was very critical of the Russian Proletkult movement which he viewed as an obstacle to the parallel progress of the material and spiritual revolution he envisaged. Nevertheless he later developed a more sym ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's States of Germany, sixteen constituent states, Berlin is surrounded by the Brandenburg, State of Brandenburg and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. Berlin's urban area, which has a population of around 4.5 million, is the second most populous urban area in Germany after the Ruhr. The Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Metropolitan regions in Germany, Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Rhine-Main regions. Berlin straddles the banks of the Spree (river), Spree, which flows into the Havel (a tributary of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
László Moholy-Nagy
László Moholy-Nagy (; ; born László Weisz; July 20, 1895 – November 24, 1946) was a Hungarian painter and photographer as well as a professor in the Bauhaus school. He was highly influenced by constructivism and a strong advocate of the integration of technology and industry into the arts. The art critic Peter Schjeldahl called him "relentlessly experimental" because of his pioneering work in painting, drawing, photography, collage, sculpture, film, theater, and writing. He also worked collaboratively with other artists, including his first wife Lucia Moholy, Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer, and Herbert Bayer. His largest accomplishment may be the School of Design in Chicago, which survives today as part of the Illinois Institute of Technology, which art historian Elizabeth Siegel called "his overarching work of art". He also wrote books and articles advocating a utopian type of high modernism. Early life and education (1895–1922) Moholy-Nagy was born László Weisz in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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