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Laboulbenia
''Laboulbenia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus name of ''Laboulbenia'' is in honour of Joseph Alexandre Laboulbène (1825–1898), who was a French physician and entomologist. The genus was circumscribed by Jean Pierre François Camille Montagne and Charles Philippe Robin in C.P. Robin 'Histoire naturelle des Végétaux Parasites' (Paris) on page 622 in 1853. Being ectoparasitic on a diverse assemblage of arthropods, the majority in insects, specially beetles and flies,Rossi, W. & Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. 2011. A new species of ''Laboulbenia'' (Ascomycota) parasitic on an African fly (Diptera: Curtonotidae), with a brief review of Diptera-associated species of the genus. ''African Invertebrates ''African Invertebrates'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that covers the taxonomy, systematics, biogeography, ecology, conservation, and palaeontology of Afrotropical invertebrates, whether terrestrial, freshwater, or marine. I ...'' 52 (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laboulbeniales Genera
The Laboulbeniales is an order of Fungi within the class Laboulbeniomycetes. They are also known by the colloquial name beetle hangers or labouls. The order includes around 2,325 species of obligate insect ectoparasites that produce cellular thalli from two-celled ascospores. Of the described Laboulbeniales, Weir and Hammond 1997 find 80% to be from Coleoptera and the next largest group to be the 10% from Diptera. Recently, the genus ''Herpomyces'', traditionally considered a basal member of Laboulbeniales, was transferred to the order Herpomycetales based on molecular phylogenetic data. Laboulbeniales typically do not kill their hosts, although they may impair host fitness if the parasite density is high. Laboulbeniales form individual thalli, and lack vegetative hyphae. A thallus is attached to its host by a simple dark-colored foot cell, or a rhizoidal haustorium through which the fungus penetrates the exoskeleton of its host to draw nutrients from the hemolymph. The external ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laboulbeniales
The Laboulbeniales is an order of Fungi within the class Laboulbeniomycetes. They are also known by the colloquial name beetle hangers or labouls. The order includes around 2,325 species of obligate insect ectoparasites that produce cellular thalli from two-celled ascospores. Of the described Laboulbeniales, Weir and Hammond 1997 find 80% to be from Coleoptera and the next largest group to be the 10% from Diptera. Recently, the genus '' Herpomyces'', traditionally considered a basal member of Laboulbeniales, was transferred to the order Herpomycetales based on molecular phylogenetic data. Laboulbeniales typically do not kill their hosts, although they may impair host fitness if the parasite density is high. Laboulbeniales form individual thalli, and lack vegetative hyphae. A thallus is attached to its host by a simple dark-colored foot cell, or a rhizoidal haustorium through which the fungus penetrates the exoskeleton of its host to draw nutrients from the hemolymph. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laboulbeniaceae
The Laboulbeniaceae are a family of fungi in the order Laboulbeniales. Taxa have a widespread distribution, and are parasitic to various orders of insects Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of j .... See also * List of Laboulbeniaceae genera References Laboulbeniomycetes genera {{Ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laboulbeniomycetes
The Laboulbeniomycetes are a unique group of fungi that are obligatorily associated with arthropods, either as external parasites ( Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales) or for dispersal ( Pyxidiophorales). Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales fungi are minute; their fruiting bodies, referred to as ''thalli'', commonly measure less than one millimeter. They live on the antennae, the mouthparts or other body regions of their arthropod hosts. Although several species of Laboulbeniomycetes have more or less extensive, root-like hyphal systems (haustoria In botany and mycology, a haustorium (plural haustoria) is a rootlike structure that grows into or around another structure to absorb water or nutrients. For example, in mistletoe or members of the broomrape family, the structure penetrates th ...) inside their hosts, as a group these fungi are relatively harmless to their hosts. These fungi occur usually only on adult hosts; apparently immature arthropods eliminate them during e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycota
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the " ascus" (), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewers' and bakers' yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as ''Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (it contains all descendants of one common ancestor). Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascomyce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Alexandre Laboulbène
Joseph Alexandre Laboulbène (25 August 1825 Agen – 7 December 1898, Paris) was a French physician and entomologist. A friend of the entomologist Jean-Marie Léon Dufour (1780-1865), he studied medicine in the University of Paris and was awarded the title Docteur in 1854. He taught in the medical faculty until 1879. Laboulbène was interested in harmful insects notably in the Order Diptera. The order of mushrooms Laboulbeniales, is dedicated to him, by Engler in 1898. In 1853, ''Laboulbenia'' which is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae, was named in his honour. Works * with Léon Fairmaire Léon Marc Herminie Fairmaire (29 June 1820 – 1 April 1906) was a French entomologist. A specialist in Coleoptera he assembled an immense collection comparable with that of Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean (1780-1845). This is in the Musà ... (1854). ''Faune Entomologique Française. Coleoptera''. Paris : Deyrolle Vol. 1 665 pp also Felix Malteste et Cie., Paris?. (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Invertebrates
''African Invertebrates'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that covers the taxonomy, systematics, biogeography, ecology, conservation, and palaeontology of Afrotropical invertebrates, whether terrestrial, freshwater, or marine. It is published by Pensoft Publishers on behalf of the KwaZulu-Natal Museum and the editor-in-chief is David G. Herbert (KwaZulu-Natal Museum). History The journal was established in 1906 as the ''Annals of the Natal Government Museum'' and after 1910 renamed to ''Annals of the Natal Museum''. In 1989, the journal stopped publishing archaeological and anthropological papers, which was split of to a new journal, the ''Natal Museum Journal of Humanities'' (later: ''Southern African Humanities''), while the ''Annals of the Natal Museum'' were restricted to the natural sciences. The journal obtained its name in 2001 when its scope was limited to the study of invertebrates. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogenetics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entomologist
Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arachnids, myriapods, and crustaceans. This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use. Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology. Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, neuroscience, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology. Over 1.3 million insect species have been described, more than two-thirds of all known species. Some insect species date back to around 400 million years ago. They have many kinds of intera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physician
A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, and methods of treatment—known as specialities—or they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities—known as general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the academic disciplines, such as anatomy and physiology, underlying diseases and their treatment—the ''science'' of medicine—and also a decent competence in its applied practice—the art or ''craft'' of medicine. Both the role of the physician and the meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Styphlomerus
''Styphlomerus'' is a genus of beetle Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 describ ...s in the family Carabidae, containing the following species: * '' Styphlomerus amplus'' Liebke, 1934 * '' Styphlomerus aulicus'' (Dejean, 1831) * '' Styphlomerus batesi'' Chaudoir, 1876 * '' Styphlomerus burgeoni'' Liebke, 1934 * '' Styphlomerus ciliatus'' Liebke, 1934 * '' Styphlomerus comoricus'' (Fairmaire, 1896) * '' Styphlomerus cribricollis'' Chaudoir, 1876 * '' Styphlomerus equestris'' (Dejean, 1831) * '' Styphlomerus exilis'' (Laferte-Senectere, 1850) * '' Styphlomerus fallax'' (Peringuey, 1896) * '' Styphlomerus flavus'' Liebke, 1934 * '' Styphlomerus foveatus'' Liebke, 1934 * '' Styphlomerus fusciceps'' Schmidt-Gobel, 1846: * '' Styphlomerus fuscicollis'' Landin, 1955 * '' Styphlomer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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