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La Mano Negra (anarchism)
The Black Hand ( es, La Mano Negra) was a presumed secret, anarchist organization based in the Andalusian region of Spain and best known as the perpetrators of murders, arson, and crop fires in the early 1880s. The events associated with the Black Hand took place in 1882 and 1883 amidst class struggle in the Andalusian countryside, the spread of anarcho-communism distinct from collectivist anarchism, and differences between legalists and illegalists in the Federación de Trabajadores de la Región Española. Background Between the drought and poor harvests of 1881 and 1882, social tensions and hunger in Andalusia led to theft, robberies, and arson. There were raids on farms and riots in protest of lack of work. Insurgents demanded that the town council give them jobs in public works. Among the most serious urban riots, on November 3, 1882, in Jerez de la Frontera, about 60 people were arrested as the Civil Guard and army intervened. Owners were fearful of the rioters, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josep Llunas I Pujals
Josep Llunas i Pujals (January 30, 1852–May 23, 1905) was a Catalan libertarian and free-thinker from Spain. He was a typesetter by profession, but he also studied music and singing and was a theatrical director. Of special significance in this regard was his role as secretary of the ''Catalan Athenaeum of the Working Classes'', a proletarian The proletariat (; ) is the social class of wage-earners, those members of a society whose only possession of significant economic value is their labour power (their capacity to work). A member of such a class is a proletarian. Marxist philoso ... cultural center which promoted a type of scientific anarchism. Llunas believed that the growth of science would promote social equality. ''Historia de la Cultura Catalana''. Edicions 62, Barcelona. Major works * Estudios filosófico-sociales (1882) * La revolució: poema en tres cants (1886) * El Ariete Socialista Internacional (1887) * Qüestions socials (1891) * Los partits socialistes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montjuïc Trial
The Montjuïc trial was a trial of anarchist suspects in the military Montjuïc Castle following the 1896 terrorist attack on the Barcelonean Corpus Christi procession. About 400 suspects were arrested, from whom 87 were put on trial and five executed. Stories of forced confessions through torture led to an 1898–1899 campaign for a judicial review of the trial organized through Alejandro Lerroux and his newspaper ''El Progreso''. Republican support for Lerroux from this action led to his rise as a left-wing force in Barcelona. Following the bombing, Spanish Prime Minister Antonio Cánovas del Castillo ordered mass arrests of Barcelonan workers. During this period, "Montjuïc" became synonymous with barbarous torture based on the treatment of anarchists and other prisoners there. The suspects were held without water or food. They were given salted cod to exacerbate their thirst. The suspects were stripped and, instead of sleeping, were made to march in their cells while holdi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan Montseny
Joan Montseny i Carret (1864–1942), who also wrote under the pseudonym Federico Urales, was a Catalan anarchist activist and journalist from Spain. Early life and career Joan Montseny was born in Reus, Spain, in 1864. He was originally a cooper and led a union of coopers in the late 1880s. Montseny studied to become a teacher and ran a school in his hometown in 1891. In the early 1890s, Montseny's activity in the anarchist movement led to several arrests and his involvement in the Montjuïc trial and subsequent June 1897 exile to London, though later that year, he illegally returned to Madrid to press for judicial review of the trial. Montseny became a journalist. He worked on Alejandro Lerroux's ''El Progreso'' before founding the periodicals ''La Revista Blanca'' (1898) and ''Tierra y Libertad'' (1902). The success of these publications led to relationships with notable intellectuals, though Montseny was forced away from the papers in 1905 and 1904, respectively. He spl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soledad Gustavo
Soledad, Spanish for "solitude", often refers to María de la Soledad (Our Lady of Solitude), a variant name of Mary the mother of Jesus in Roman Catholic tradition. Soledad may refer to: People * Chalon people or Soledad, a Native American people and language of Salinas Valley, California * Shalani Soledad (born 1980), Filipina politician and TV personality * Soledad Alvear (born 1950), Chilean politician * Soledad Bravo (born 1943), Venezuelan singer * Soledad Brothers, three African-American inmates, including George Jackson, involved in a notable row * Soledad Chacón (1890–1936), American politician * Soledad Florendo (born 1903), Filipino physician * Soledad Gallego-Díaz (born 1950/1951), Spanish journalist * Soledad Miranda (1943–1970), Spanish actress * Soledad O'Brien (born 1966), American broadcast journalist and executive producer * Soledad Pastorutti (born 1980), Argentine folklore singer Places * Soledad, Atlántico, Colombia, a municipality * La Soledad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Disinherited (group)
The Disinherited ( es, Los Desheredados) was a Spanish clandestine anarchist group that defended the use of violence framed in the doctrine of propaganda of the deed. History After the celebration in September 1882 of the 2nd Congress of the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region (FTRE) in Seville, the illegalists and anarcho-communists, contrary to the official anarcho-collectivist line which defended of legal and public action, were expelled. These, among whom were Miguel Rubio, Francisco Gago, Pedro José Durán, Manuel Oca, Rafael Romero, Andrés Barbadilla, José Rachel, Ricardo Arana, José Ponce and Antonio Bonilla, constituted a new federation under the name of ''Los Desheredados''. In their press organ ''The Social Revolution'' they would denounce three years later that the Federal Commission had concealed the agreement of the London Congress of 1881 favorable to "propaganda of the deed", and had led the FTRE "as if by the charm of the revolutionary terrain to le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Isabella The Catholic
The Order of Isabella the Catholic ( es, Orden de Isabel la Católica) is a Spanish civil order and honor granted to persons and institutions in recognition of extraordinary services to the homeland or the promotion of international relations and cooperation with other nations. The Order is open not only to Spaniards; it has been granted to many foreigners. The Order was created 1815 by King Ferdinand VII in honor of Queen Isabella I as the ''Real y Americana Orden de Isabel la Católica'' ("Royal and American Order of Isabella the Catholic") with the intent of "rewarding the firm allegiance to Spain and the merits of Spanish citizens and foreigners in good standing with the Nation and especially in those exceptional services provided in pursuit of territories in America and overseas." The Order was reorganized by royal decree on 26 July 1847, with the name "Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic", reflecting the loss of the mainland possessions in the Americas after the Spanish A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garrote
A garrote or garrote vil (a Spanish word; alternative spellings include garotte and similar variants''Oxford English Dictionary'', 11th Ed: garrotte is normal British English spelling, with single r alternate. Article title is US English spelling variant.) is a weapon, usually a handheld ligature of chain, rope, scarf, wire or fishing line, used to strangle a person.Newquist, H.P. and Maloof, Rich, ''This Will Kill You: A Guide to the Ways in Which We Go'', New York: St. Martin's Press, (2009), pp. 133-6 Assassination weapon A garrote can be made out of many different materials, including ropes, cloth, cable ties, fishing lines, nylon, guitar strings, telephone cord or piano wire.Whittaker, Wayne, ''Tough Guys'', Popular Mechanics, February 1943, Vol. 79 No. 2, pp. 44Steele, David E., ''Silent Sentry Removal'', Black Belt Magazine, August 1986, Vol. 24 No. 8, pp. 48–49 A stick may be used to tighten the garrote; the Spanish word refers to the stick itself. In Spanish, the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Kropotkin
Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin (; russian: link=no, Пётр Алексе́евич Кропо́ткин ; 9 December 1842 – 8 February 1921) was a Russian anarchist, socialist, revolutionary, historian, scientist, philosopher, and activist who advocated anarcho-communism. Born into an aristocratic land-owning family, Kropotkin attended a military school and later served as an officer in Siberia, where he participated in several geological expeditions. He was imprisoned for his activism in 1874 and managed to escape two years later. He spent the next 41 years in exile in Switzerland, France (where he was imprisoned for almost four years) and England. While in exile, he gave lectures and published widely on anarchism and geography. Kropotkin returned to Russia after the Russian Revolution in 1917, but he was disappointed by the Bolshevik state. Kropotkin was a proponent of a decentralised communist society free from central government and based on voluntary associations of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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