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L'État, C'est Moi
''L'État, c'est moi'' ("I am the state", lit. "the state, that is me") is an apocryphal saying attributed to Louis XIV, King of France and Navarre, it was allegedly said on before the Parliament of Paris. It is supposed to recall the primacy of the royal authority in a context of defiance with the Parliament, which contests royal edicts taken in ''lit de justice'' on 20 March 1655. The phrase symbolizes absolute monarchy and absolutism. Nevertheless, historians contest that this sentence, which does not appear in the registers of the parliament, was really said by Louis XIV, especially since on his deathbed, Louis XIV pronounced a sentence, attested, completely contradictory: "I die, but the state will always remain." The origin of the phrase is attributed to Pierre-Édouard Lémontey in his ''Essai sur l'établissement monarchique de Louis XIV et sur les altérations qu'il éprouva pendant la vie de ce prince'' (1818), who writes: "The Koran of France was contained in four s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XIV By Juste D'Egmont , names sometimes translated to English as "Louis"
{{disambiguation ...
Louis may refer to: * Louis (coin) * Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name * Louis (surname) * Louis (singer), Serbian singer * HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy See also Derived or associated terms * Lewis (other) * Louie (other) * Luis (other) * Louise (other) * Louisville (other) * Louis Cruise Lines * Louis dressing, for salad * Louis Quinze, design style Associated names * * Chlodwig, the origin of the name Ludwig, which is translated to English as "Louis" * Ladislav and László - names sometimes erroneously associated with "Louis" * Ludovic, Ludwig, Ludwick, Ludwik Ludwik () is a Polish given name. Notable people with the name include: * Ludwik Czyżewski, Polish WWII general * Ludwik Fleck (1896–1961), Polish medical doctor and biologist * Ludwik Gintel (1899–1973), Polish-Israeli Olympic soccer player ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XIV
, house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Versailles, Versailles, France , burial_date = 9 September 1715 , burial_place = Basilica of Saint-Denis , religion = Catholicism (Gallican Rite) , signature = Louis XIV Signature.svg Louis XIV (Louis Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 14 May 1643 until his death in 1715. His reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any sovereign in history whose date is verifiable. Although Louis XIV's France was emblematic of the age of absolutism in Europe, the King surrounded himself with a variety of significant political, military, and cultural figures, such as Bossuet, Colbert, Le Brun, Le Nôtre, Lully, Mazarin, Molière, Racine, Turenne, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of France And Navarre
France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the first king of France, however historians today consider that such a kingdom did not begin until the establishment of West Francia. Titles The kings used the title "King of the Franks" ( la, Rex Francorum) until the late twelfth century; the first to adopt the title of "King of France" (Latin: ''Rex Franciae''; French: ''roi de France'') was Philip II in 1190 (r. 1180–1223), after which the title "King of the Franks" gradually lost ground. However, ''Francorum Rex'' continued to be sometimes used, for example by Louis XII in 1499, by Francis I in 1515, and by Henry II in about 1550; it was also used on coins up to the eighteenth century. During the brief period when the French Constitution of 1791 was in effect (1791–1792) and after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Paris
The Parliament of Paris (french: Parlement de Paris) was the oldest ''parlement'' in the Kingdom of France, formed in the 14th century. It was fixed in Paris by Philip IV of France in 1302. The Parliament of Paris would hold sessions inside the medieval royal palace on the Île de la Cité, nowadays still the site of the Paris Hall of Justice. History In 1589, Paris was effectively in the hands of the Catholic League. To escape, Henry IV of France summoned the parliament of Paris to meet at Tours, but only a small faction of its parliamentarians accepted the summons. (Henry also held a parliament at Châlons, a town remaining faithful to the king, known as the Parliament of Châlons.) Following the assassination of Henry III of France by the Dominican lay brother Jacques Clément, the "Parliament of Tours" continued to sit during the first years of Henry IV of France's reign. The royalist members of the other provincial parliaments also split off—the royalist members of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lit De Justice
In France under the Ancien Régime, the ''lit de justice'' (, "bed of justice") was a particular formal session of the Parliament of Paris, under the presidency of the king, for the compulsory registration of the royal edicts. It was named thus because the king would sit on a throne, under a baldachin. In the Middle Ages, not every appearance of the King of France in ''parlement'' occasioned a formal ''lit de justice''. Description A ''lit de justice'' in Paris was normally held in the ''Grand'Chambre du Parlement'' of the royal palace on the Île de la Cité, which remains the Palais de Justice even today. The king, fresh from his devotions in Sainte-Chapelle, would enter, accompanied by his chancellor, the '' princes du sang'', dukes and peers, cardinals and marshals, and take his place upon the cushions on a dais under a canopy of estate (the ''lit'') in a corner of the chamber. The records of a ''lit de justice'' of Charles V, May 21, 1375, gives an impression of the pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absolute Monarchy
Absolute monarchy (or Absolutism as a doctrine) is a form of monarchy in which the monarch rules in their own right or power. In an absolute monarchy, the king or queen is by no means limited and has absolute power, though a limited constitution may exist in some countries. These are often hereditary monarchies. On the other hand, in constitutional monarchies, in which the authority of the head of state is also bound or restricted by the constitution, a legislature, or unwritten customs, the king or queen is not the only one to decide, and their entourage also exercises power, mainly the prime minister. Absolute monarchy in Europe declined substantially following the French Revolution and World War I, both of which led to the popularization of theories of government based on the notion of popular sovereignty. Absolute monarchies include Brunei, Eswatini, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Vatican City, and the individual emirates composing the United Arab Emirates, which itself is a fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absolutism (European History)
''Absolutism'' or the ''Age of Absolutism'' ( – ) is a historiographical term used to describe a form of monarchical power that is unrestrained by all other institutions, such as churches, legislatures, or social elites. Absolutism is typically used in conjunction with some European monarchs during the transition from feudalism to capitalism, and monarchs described as ''absolute'' can especially be found in the 16th century through the 19th century. Absolutism is characterized by the ending of feudal partitioning, consolidation of power with the monarch, rise of state power, unification of the state laws, and a decrease in the influence of the Church and the nobility. Absolute monarchs are also associated with the rise of professional standing armies, professional bureaucracies, the codification of state laws, and the rise of ideologies that justify the absolutist monarchy. Absolutist monarchs typically were considered to have the divine right of kings as a cornerstone of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre-Édouard Lémontey
Pierre-Édouard Lémontey (14 January 1762, Lyon – 26 June 1826, Paris) was a French lawyer, politician, scholar and historian. Life On the convocation of the États généraux, he was noted for many political writings. Deputy for the Rhône at the Legislative Assembly, he was elected its president several times. He took part in the defence of Lyon against the troops of the National Convention and in 1793 escaped death by fleeing to Switzerland. Lémontey returned in 1795 and was in 1804 made head of the theatrical censorship commission, entering the Académie française in 1819. He was twice a laureate of the Académie de Marseille for his ''Éloges'' praising Peiresc (1785) and those praising Cook (1788). He edited royalist newspapers and was one of the companions at the "Déjeuner de la Fourchette". Main works * ''Palma, ou le Voyage en Grèce, opéra en deux actes'', Paris, Théâtre de la rue Feydeau, 5 fructidor an 6 (1798) * ''Raison, folie, chacun son mot, petit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quran
The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Classical Arabic, Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation in Islam, revelation from God in Islam, God. It is organized in 114 surah, chapters (pl.: , sing.: ), which consist of āyah, verses (pl.: , sing.: , construct case, cons.: ). In addition to its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic language. Muslims believe that the Quran was orally revealed by God to the Khatam an-Nabiyyin, final prophet, Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad, through the archangel Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning in the month of Ramadan, when Muhammad was 40; and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important miracle; a proof of his prophethood; and the culmination of a series of divine message ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olivier Chaline
Olivier Chaline (29 December 1964, Neuilly-sur-Seine) is a contemporary French historian, a specialist of the history of Central Europe. Biography The son of Jean-Pierre Chaline, himself an historian (a specialist on the French Third Republic), and Nadine-Josette Chaline, also an historian, Olivier Chaline entered the École Normale Supérieure (ENS) in 1984. After he obtained his Agrégation in France, agrégation in history, he taught at the ENS before being appointed at the University of Rennes 2 – Upper Brittany, University of Rennes II (1999–2001) then at the Paris-Sorbonne University. He occasionally teaches at Charles University at Prague. In 2006, Olivier Chaline was bestowed thPrix Guizotof the Académie française for his ''Le Règne de Louis XIV''. Main works *1996: ''La France au XVIIIe siècle, 1715–1787'', Belin, Paris, ; *1996: ''Godart de Belbeuf. Le Parlement, le roi et les Normands'', Bertout, *1998: ''La Reconquête catholique de l’Europe central ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armand Colin
Armand Colin is a French publishing house founded in 1870 by Auguste Armand Colin. It specializes in publishing works concerning human sciences, economics and education. Among its best-known publications are the "U" collection begun in 1968, and the "Cursus" collection. In 1987, Armand Colin was purchased by Masson which, in turn, became part of the City Group (Groupe de la Cité) in 1994. It is now owned by Hachette Hachette may refer to: * Hachette (surname) * Hachette (publisher), a French publisher, the imprint of Lagardère Publishing ** Hachette Book Group, the American subsidiary ** Hachette Distribution Services, the distribution arm See also * Hachett .... In 2014, the house which shared its premises with Larousse moved to those of Dunod and merged with it. References External links Official website Book publishing companies of France French brands {{Publish-corp-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1655 In France
Events from the year 1655 in France Incumbents * Monarch – Louis XIV Events Births *14 February – Jacques-Nicolas Colbert, churchman (died 1707) *30 September – Charles III, Prince of Guéméné, nobleman (died 1727) *4 October – Lothar Franz von Schönborn, archbishop (died 1729) Deaths *27 February – Henri Chabot, nobleman (born 1616) *6 April – David Blondel, clergyman, historian and classical scholar (born 1591) *28 July – Cyrano de Bergerac, novelist and playwright, (born 1619) *7 September – François Tristan l'Hermite, dramatist (born c.1601) *24 October – Pierre Gassendi Pierre Gassendi (; also Pierre Gassend, Petrus Gassendi; 22 January 1592 – 24 October 1655) was a French philosopher, Catholic priest, astronomer, and mathematician. While he held a church position in south-east France, he also spent much tim ..., philosopher, priest, scientist, astronomer and mathematician (born 1592) See also Referenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
