Kiskiminetas River
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Kiskiminetas River
The Kiskiminetas River (commonly referred to as the Kiski by locals) is a tributary of the Allegheny River, approximately long, in Western Pennsylvania in the United States. The region stretching from the northern side of Harmar Township, Pennsylvania to the Kiskiminetas towns is often referred to by the locals as the Alle-Kiski Valley after the rivers. Course The Kiskiminetas River is formed at Saltsburg, on the border between Westmoreland and Indiana counties, by the confluence of the Conemaugh River and Loyalhanna Creek. It flows northwest in a meandering course past Avonmore, Apollo, Vandergrift, Hyde Park and Leechburg. It joins the Allegheny River near Freeport at Schenley, approximately northeast of Pittsburgh. The Kiski-Conemaugh watershed includes much of the historic coal-producing region of Western Pennsylvania. The water quality is considered degraded by numerous abandoned mine drainages in its upper reaches and tributaries, leading to on-going efforts ...
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United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Americ ...
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Vandergrift, Pennsylvania
Vandergrift is a borough in Westmoreland County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, approximately northeast of Pittsburgh. Early in the 20th century, it had the largest sheet steel mill in the world. On June 28, 1915, the Borough of Vandergrift Heights was consolidated with Vandergrift. In 1900, 2,076 people lived here; in 1910, 3,876. The 1915 consolidation almost doubled Vandergrift's population when Vandergrift Heights added approximately 3,438 new residents (1910 population). By 1940, 10,725 people lived in Vandergrift. The population was 5,455 at the 2000 census, and 5,205 in 2010. Etymology Dutch (Van der Grift): topographic name from Middle Dutch grifte ‘man-made channel' History In the 1890s the Apollo Iron and Steel Company ended a bitterly contested labor dispute by hiring replacement workers from the surrounding countryside. To avoid future unrest, however, the company sought to gain tighter control over its workers not only at the factory but also in their homes. ...
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Allegheny Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny Township is a township in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 8,316 at the 2020 census, an increase from 8,002 at the 2000 census. It is the northernmost municipality of Westmoreland County. The municipality borders the townships of Buffalo, Harrison, Upper Burrell, and Washington; and the boroughs of Oklahoma, Vandergrift, Leechburg, West Leechburg, Lower Burrell, Freeport and Hyde Park. It is served by the Kiski Area School District. History Although there are many who believe Allegheny Township was formed in 1796, it appears, according to available records, that the Township was actually formed from Washington Township in 1820. At its formation, Allegheny Township included what is now Lower Burrell, Hyde Park, Vandergrift, West Leechburg, Arnold and New Kensington. There had been an earlier Allegheny Township formed by the Westmoreland County Court of Quarter Sessions in December 1795, north of the Kiskiminetas River in what i ...
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Bell Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Bell Township is a township in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,080 at the 2020 decennial census. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which is land and (3.35%) is water. Located in a rural area approximately 15-20 miles north of Greensburg, the Westmoreland county seat, Bell Township is situated between the Kiskiminetas River to the east, and Beaver Run Reservoir to the west. A portion of the Westmoreland Heritage Trail is within the township limits. History According to historian John Newton Boucher, John Carnahan was one of the early settlers of the area that is now Bell Township. He built a log house there in 1774. The so-called Carnahan blockhouse was for many years one of the frontier forts where early settlers took refuge from Indian attacks. St. James Lutheran Cemetery, one of the township's oldest graveyards, was established around 1803. The township was incorporated ...
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Kiskiminetas Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Kiskiminetas Township is a township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 4,604 at the 2020 census, a decrease from the figure of 4,800 tabulated in 2010, making it the most populous township or borough in the county. Kiskiminetas is derived from a Native American language meaning "make daylight". Geography The township is located at the southern tip of Armstrong County, bounded to the southwest by the Kiskiminetas River, a tributary of the Allegheny River. It is bordered by the boroughs of Apollo and North Apollo to the west and the village of Spring Church to the east. The Roaring Run hiking trail lies within the boundaries of the township, adjacent to the Kiskiminetas River and what was once the Main Line Canal. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.89%, is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 4,950 people, 1,931 households, and 1,457 families res ...
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Conemaugh Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania
Conemaugh Township is a township in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,080 at the 2020 census. The township includes the communities of Clarksburg, Foster, Lewisville, McKeeverville, Nowrytown, Tunnelton (formerly called Kelly Station), and White. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which is land and (1.80%) is water. Streams The township is bordered on the south by the Conemaugh and Kiskiminetas Rivers. Blacklegs Creek flows through the township before joining the Kiskiminetas River near Saltsburg. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 2,437 people, 958 households, and 711 families residing in the township. The population density was 72.1 people per square mile (27.8/km2). There were 1,023 housing units at an average density of 30.3/sq mi (11.7/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 99.18% White, 0.04% African American, 0.04% Native American, 0.12% Asi ...
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Loyalhanna Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Loyalhanna Township is a township in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the township's total population was 2,093. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 21.9 square miles (56.7 km), of which 19.9 square miles (51.6 km) is land and 2.0 square miles (5.1 km) is water. The total area is 8.91% water. Demographics At the 2000 census, 2,301 people, 879 households, and 624 families lived in the township. The population density was 115.4 people per square mile (44.6/km). There were 964 housing units at an average density of 48.4/sq mi (18.7/km). The racial makeup of the township was 98.57% White, 0.65% African American, 0.04% Native American, 0.04% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.09% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races. 0.78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 879 households; 32.7% had children under 18 living with t ...
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Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. Comprising the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia, it shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be Boundaries between the continents of Earth#Asia and Europe, separated from Asia by the drainage divide, watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural (river), Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and E ...
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Native Americans In The United States
Native Americans, also known as American Indians, First Americans, Indigenous Americans, and other terms, are the Indigenous peoples of the mainland United States ( Indigenous peoples of Hawaii, Alaska and territories of the United States are generally known by other terms). There are 574 federally recognized tribes living within the US, about half of which are associated with Indian reservations. As defined by the United States Census, "Native Americans" are Indigenous tribes that are originally from the contiguous United States, along with Alaska Natives. Indigenous peoples of the United States who are not listed as American Indian or Alaska Native include Native Hawaiians, Samoan Americans, and the Chamorro people. The US Census groups these peoples as " Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders". European colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, resulted in a precipitous decline in Native American population because of new diseases, wars, ethni ...
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Kittanning Path
The Kittanning Path was a major east-west Native American trail that crossed the Allegheny Mountains barrier ridge connecting the Susquehanna River valleys in the center of Pennsylvania to the highlands of the Appalachian Plateau and thence to the western lands beyond drained by the Ohio River. Kittanning Village was the first major Delaware ( Lenape) Indian settlement along the descent from the Allegheny Plateau. Nature and the path The path is made up of a "series of path alternatives" that pass through seasonally or directionally more or less difficult notches— the gaps were among only five places that could be crossed by animal power from east to west across the Appalachian Mountains west of New England. The Kittanny path (by other names) would also come to be used first by Dutch, then English and British colonial fur traders, as well as Amerindian emigrants moving westwards before and after the French and Indian War and in the post-1780 settlers migrations west o ...
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Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years. Vast deposits of coal originate in former wetlands called coal forests that covered much of the Earth's tropical land areas during the late Carboniferous ( Pennsylvanian) and Permian times. Many significant coal deposits are younger than this and originate from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Coal is used primarily as a fuel. While coal has been known and used for thousands of years, its usage was limited until the Industrial Revolution. With the invention of the steam engine, coal consumption increased. In 2020, coal supplied about a quarter of the world's primary energy and over a third of its electricity. Some iron ...
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Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh ( ) is a city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States, and the county seat of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, Allegheny County. It is the most populous city in both Allegheny County and Western Pennsylvania, the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania#Municipalities, second-most populous city in Pennsylvania behind Philadelphia, and the List of United States cities by population, 68th-largest city in the U.S. with a population of 302,971 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. The city anchors the Pittsburgh metropolitan area of Western Pennsylvania; its population of 2.37 million is the largest in both the Ohio Valley and Appalachia, the Pennsylvania metropolitan areas, second-largest in Pennsylvania, and the List of metropolitan statistical areas, 27th-largest in the U.S. It is the principal city of the greater Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area that extends into Ohio and West Virginia. Pitts ...
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