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Kirjatalo
Kirjatalo (Swedish language, Swedish: ''Bokhuset''; 'Book House') is a commercial building located on the corner of Pohjoisesplanadi and Keskuskatu in central Helsinki, Finland. It is notable for having been designed by Alvar Aalto. Possibly its best-known resident is the flagship store of the Academic Bookstore chain. Background In 1961, the plot's owner, retail company Stockmann, whose main department store is located across the street, announced an architectural competition for the design of a new mixed-use property on the site. The winner of that contest was Alvar Aalto, who had also designed the nearby Rautatalo. Architecture Both the copper-clad exterior, and the central Atrium (architecture), atrium concept of the building's interior, were designed to match those of the Rautatalo. The central space making up the atrium receives natural illumination from the skylights extending downwards from the roof. Surrounding the atrium are the upper floors' mezzanine structures. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stockmann
Stockmann plc is a Finnish retailer established in 1862. Stockmann's eight company-owned department stores are in Finland (six), Estonia (one), and Latvia (one). There also was an additional nine Stockmann-branded department stores in Russia owned and operated by Reviva Holdings, with a license to use the Stockmann name until 2023. The Stockmann, Helsinki centre flagship store covers of retail space and welcomes more than 17 million visitors every year. It is the largest department store in the Nordic countries. Stockmann owns and manages five shopping malls with of gross leasable area, of which half is occupied by Stockmann. Lindex, owned by Stockmann, has 475 stores in 16 countries, including 39 franchised stores. Stockmann has been a member of the International Association of Department Stores from 1950 to 2020, with various CEOs acting as presidents of the Association over time. History Stockmann was established by Georg Franz Stockmann, a merchant from Lübeck ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academic Bookstore
The Academic Bookstore (Finnish: , Swedish: ) is a Finnish chain of bookstores. It has both physical outlets as well as an online presence. Stockmann sold the chain in 2015 to Bonnier Group. Originally founded as an independent chain, it was bought out by Stockmann in 1930. Its revenue in 2015 was about 40 million euros. History The Academic Bookstore was founded in 1893. Its founders included and . Its goal was "to serve equally the needs of researchers and the general public, and which, fairly looking after the interests of domestic publishing, working to establish faster and more secure links with the foreign book market". The first store was located on Aleksanterinkatu in Helsinki. In 1901 the bookstore moved to a new location on the same street, enabling it to sell 1200 titles simultaneously. Another move was made in 1910. Stockmann bought the Academic Bookstore in 1930. The new owner soon moved it to the new Stockmann department store at Helsinki centre. In 1969 a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Architecture
Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form should follow function ( functionalism); an embrace of minimalism; and a rejection of ornament. It emerged in the first half of the 20th century and became dominant after World War II until the 1980s, when it was gradually replaced as the principal style for institutional and corporate buildings by postmodern architecture. Origins File:Crystal Palace.PNG, The Crystal Palace (1851) was one of the first buildings to have cast plate glass windows supported by a cast-iron frame File:Maison François Coignet 2.jpg, The first house built of reinforced concrete, designed by François Coignet (1853) in Saint-Denis near Paris File:Home Insurance Building.JPG, The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, by William Le Baron Jenney (1884) File:Const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helsinki
Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the Capital city, capital, primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Finland, most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of Uusimaa in southern Finland, and has a population of . The Helsinki urban area, city's urban area has a population of , making it by far the List of urban areas in Finland by population, most populous urban area in Finland as well as the country's most important center for politics, education, finance, culture, and research; while Tampere in the Pirkanmaa region, located to the north from Helsinki, is the second largest urban area in Finland. Helsinki is located north of Tallinn, Estonia, east of Stockholm, Sweden, and west of Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has History of Helsinki, close historical ties with these three cities. Together with the cities of Espoo, Vantaa, and Kauniainen (and surrounding commuter towns, including the eastern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alvar Aalto
Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto (; 3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976) was a Finnish architect and designer. His work includes architecture, furniture, textiles and glassware, as well as sculptures and paintings. He never regarded himself as an artist, seeing painting and sculpture as "branches of the tree whose trunk is architecture." Aalto's early career ran in parallel with the rapid economic growth and industrialization of Finland during the first half of the 20th century. Many of his clients were industrialists, among them the Ahlström-Gullichsen family, who became his patrons. The span of his career, from the 1920s to the 1970s, is reflected in the styles of his work, ranging from Nordic Classicism of the early work, to a rational International Style (architecture), International Style Modernism during the 1930s to a more organic modernist style from the 1940s onwards. His architectural work, throughout his entire career, is characterized by a concern for design as Gesamtkunstwerk— ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Language
Swedish ( ) is a North Germanic language spoken predominantly in Sweden and in parts of Finland. It has at least 10 million native speakers, the fourth most spoken Germanic language and the first among any other of its type in the Nordic countries overall. Swedish, like the other Nordic languages, is a descendant of Old Norse, the common language of the Germanic peoples living in Scandinavia during the Viking Era. It is largely mutually intelligible with Norwegian and Danish, although the degree of mutual intelligibility is largely dependent on the dialect and accent of the speaker. Written Norwegian and Danish are usually more easily understood by Swedish speakers than the spoken languages, due to the differences in tone, accent, and intonation. Standard Swedish, spoken by most Swedes, is the national language that evolved from the Central Swedish dialects in the 19th century and was well established by the beginning of the 20th century. While distinct regional varieties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pohjoisesplanadi
Esplanadi ( sv, Esplanaden), colloquially known as Espa, is an esplanade and urban park in downtown Helsinki, Finland, situated between the Erottaja square and the Market Square. It is bordered on its northern and southern sides by the Pohjoisesplanadi (''Norra Esplanaden'', North Esplanadi) and Eteläesplanadi (''Södra Esplanaden'', South Esplanadi) streets, respectively. Aleksanterinkatu runs parallel to Esplanadi. Esplanadi is well known as a popular walking area, and street performances are also often held in the park. Designed by the architect Carl Ludwig Engel, the park was originally opened in 1818. In 1827, Engels Teater (the predecessor of the Swedish Theatre), the first theatre building in Helsinki, also designed by Engel, was erected in a corner of the park. Centered in the park is a statue of Johan Ludvig Runeberg, the national poet of Finland, by his son Walter Runeberg. Other public art pieces include works by Viktor Jansson, Gunnar Finne and Lauri Leppänen. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keskuskatu
, literally 'Central Street' (Finland Swedish: ), is a two block-long pedestrian street in the centrally-located Kluuvi neighborhood of Helsinki, Finland. Along the street are located (from south to north): the Stockmann department store, the building, Domus Litonii, the World Trade Center and the Citycenter Mall, nicknamed "" (lit. 'sausage house'). begins at , across from the Swedish Theatre, and ends when it meets , across from Helsinki Central Station. It is intersected just south of its midpoint by . History The street was originally named Hakasalmi Street (, Finland Swedish: ) and was only one block long, stretching from to . The idea to extend the street through a city block to ease traffic congestion between park and the central railway station was first proposed by Helsinki Building Supplies, Ltd. () in 1913. A design contest for the proposed street was announced at the time, but ultimately never conducted due to the outbreak of World War I. In 1916, the busine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rautatalo
Rautatalo (Swedish: ''Järnhuset'') is an office building in central Helsinki, Finland, completed in 1955, and notable for having been designed by the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto. The building is based on Aalto's winning entry, ''Casa'', to a 1951 design contest. It was commissioned for the Finnish Hardware Association, after which it is named: ''Rautatalo'' literally translates as 'Iron House' or 'Iron Building'; hardware stores in Finnish being called '' rautakauppa'' ('iron shop', compare with 'ironmongers'). The exterior character of the building is dark and austere, clad with copper plate on its main façade and brown brick on the side elevation. It was designed to match the height and proportions of the earlier building, created in classical style by Eliel Saarinen, which it abuts on one side (seen in the photo on the right). In contrast to the exterior, the interior is light and airy, making extensive use of white Carrara marble and travertine. At the heart of the i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pohjoisesplanadi 39, Kirjapalatsi (Akateeminen Kirjakauppa) - G27515 - Hkm
Esplanadi ( sv, Esplanaden), colloquially known as Espa, is an esplanade and urban park in downtown Helsinki, Finland, situated between the Erottaja square and the Market Square. It is bordered on its northern and southern sides by the Pohjoisesplanadi (''Norra Esplanaden'', North Esplanadi) and Eteläesplanadi (''Södra Esplanaden'', South Esplanadi) streets, respectively. Aleksanterinkatu runs parallel to Esplanadi. Esplanadi is well known as a popular walking area, and street performances are also often held in the park. Designed by the architect Carl Ludwig Engel, the park was originally opened in 1818. In 1827, Engels Teater (the predecessor of the Swedish Theatre), the first theatre building in Helsinki, also designed by Engel, was erected in a corner of the park. Centered in the park is a statue of Johan Ludvig Runeberg, the national poet of Finland, by his son Walter Runeberg Walter Magnus Runeberg (29 December 1838 – 23 December 1920) was a Finnish neo-classic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atrium (architecture)
In architecture, an atrium (plural: atria or atriums) is a large open-air or skylight-covered space surrounded by a building. Atria were a common feature in Ancient Roman dwellings, providing light and ventilation to the interior. Modern atria, as developed in the late 19th and 20th centuries, are often several stories high, with a glazed roof or large windows, and often located immediately beyond a building's main entrance doors (in the lobby). Atria are a popular design feature because they give their buildings a "feeling of space and light." The atrium has become a key feature of many buildings in recent years. Atria are popular with building users, building designers and building developers. Users like atria because they create a dynamic and stimulating interior that provides shelter from the external environment while maintaining a visual link with that environment. Designers enjoy the opportunity to create new types of spaces in buildings, and developers see atria as prest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skylight
A skylight (sometimes called a rooflight) is a light-permitting structure or window, usually made of transparent or translucent glass, that forms all or part of the roof space of a building for daylighting and ventilation purposes. History Open skylights were used in Roman architecture, Ancient Roman architecture, such as the Oculus (architecture), oculus of the Pantheon, Rome, Pantheon. Glazed 'closed' skylights have been in use since the Industrial Revolution made advances in glass production manufacturing. Mass production units since the mid-20th century have brought skylights to many uses and contexts. Energy conservation has brought new motivation, design innovation, transmission options, and efficiency rating systems for skylights. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, it was Spain and France that probably had the leading technology in architectural glass. One of the earliest forms of glass skylight can be seen at the Burgos Cathedral in the Chapel of the Constable. Other e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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