Kho-Bwa
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Kho-Bwa
The Kho-Bwa languages, also known as Bugunish and Kamengic, are a small family of languages spoken in Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. The name ''Kho-Bwa'' was originally proposed by George van Driem (2001). It is based on the reconstructed words ''*kho'' ("water") and ''*bwa'' ("fire"). Blench (2011) suggests the name ''Kamengic'', from the Kameng area of Arunachal Pradesh, or alternatively ''Bugun–Mey'', after its two main members. Alternatively, Anderson (2014)Anderson, Gregory D.S. 2014. ''On the classification of the Hruso (Aka) language''. Paper presented at the 20th Himalayan Languages Symposium, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. refers to Kho-Bwa as Northeast Kamengic. Both Van Driem and Blench group the ''Bugun'' (or ''Khowa''), the ''Mey'' (or ''Sherdukpen''), and the ''Lishpa'' (or ''Lish'') languages. The ''Puroik'' (or ''Sulung'') language is included in the group by Van Driem but treated as a language isolate with no genetic relation to Kamen ...
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Kho-Bwa Languages
The Kho-Bwa languages, also known as Bugunish and Kamengic, are a small family of languages spoken in Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. The name ''Kho-Bwa'' was originally proposed by George van Driem (2001). It is based on the reconstructed words ''*kho'' ("water") and ''*bwa'' ("fire"). Blench (2011) suggests the name ''Kamengic'', from the Kameng area of Arunachal Pradesh, or alternatively ''Bugun–Mey'', after its two main members. Alternatively, Anderson (2014)Anderson, Gregory D.S. 2014. ''On the classification of the Hruso (Aka) language''. Paper presented at the 20th Himalayan Languages Symposium, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. refers to Kho-Bwa as Northeast Kamengic. Both Van Driem and Blench group the ''Bugun'' (or ''Khowa''), the ''Mey'' (or ''Sherdukpen''), and the ''Lishpa'' (or ''Lish'') languages. The ''Puroik'' (or ''Sulung'') language is included in the group by Van Driem but treated as a language isolate with no genetic relation to Kamen ...
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Sulung Language
The Puroik language, sometimes known as Sulung, is a language spoken by the Puroik people of Arunachal Pradesh in India and of Lhünzê County, Tibet, in China. Besides their own language, the Puroik also use Nishi, Hindi, and Assamese. Literacy is very low, at about 2%. Those who are literate use either the Bengali script, Devanagari or the Latin alphabet to write Puroik. Geographical distribution Remsangpuia (2008:17) listed a limited number of Puroik villages. Currently, Puroik are seen inhabiting the following districts and circles of Arunachal Pradesh. They also live in Nyishi, Aka, and Miji areas. *East Kameng District: Chayangtajo, Pipu, Pakke Kessang, Lada, Bameng, Seijosa, Seppa, Sawa, Khenewa, and Pipu-Dipu circles (about 70 villages) *Pakke-Kessang District: Pakke-Kessang and Seijosa circles *Kurung Kumey District: Koloriang, Sarli, Damin, Parsi Parlo, Nyapin, Phassang, and Paniasang circles *Kra Daadi District: Palin, Tali, and Pipsorang circles *Papum Pare Di ...
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Puroik Language
The Puroik language, sometimes known as Sulung, is a language spoken by the Puroik people of Arunachal Pradesh in India and of Lhünzê County, Tibet, in China. Besides their own language, the Puroik also use Nishi, Hindi, and Assamese. Literacy is very low, at about 2%. Those who are literate use either the Bengali script, Devanagari or the Latin alphabet to write Puroik. Geographical distribution Remsangpuia (2008:17) listed a limited number of Puroik villages. Currently, Puroik are seen inhabiting the following districts and circles of Arunachal Pradesh. They also live in Nyishi, Aka, and Miji areas. *East Kameng District: Chayangtajo, Pipu, Pakke Kessang, Lada, Bameng, Seijosa, Seppa, Sawa, Khenewa, and Pipu-Dipu circles (about 70 villages) *Pakke-Kessang District: Pakke-Kessang and Seijosa circles *Kurung Kumey District: Koloriang, Sarli, Damin, Parsi Parlo, Nyapin, Phassang, and Paniasang circles *Kra Daadi District: Palin, Tali, and Pipsorang circles *Papum Pare Dist ...
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Bugun Language
Bugun, also known as Khowa, is a small possible language isolate spoken in Arunachal Pradesh state of India by the Bugun. They numbered about 1,700 in 2011. Classification Bugun is classified as a Kho-Bwa language in Blench & Post (2013), although Blench (2015)Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. believes Bugun may actually be unrelated to the rest of the Kho-Bwa languages. Dialects Lieberherr & Bodt (2017)Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). list the following Bugun dialects along with their numbers of speakers. *Dikhyang (100 speakers) *Singchung (680 speakers) *Wangho (220 speakers) *Bichom (630 speakers) *Kaspi (80 speakers) *Namphri (180 speakers) Distribution Bugun is spoken in the following villages in southern West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh (, ) is a state in N ...
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Khowa Language
Bugun, also known as Khowa, is a small possible language isolate spoken in Arunachal Pradesh state of India by the Bugun. They numbered about 1,700 in 2011. Classification Bugun is classified as a Kho-Bwa language in Blench & Post (2013), although Blench (2015)Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. believes Bugun may actually be unrelated to the rest of the Kho-Bwa languages. Dialects Lieberherr & Bodt (2017)Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). list the following Bugun dialects along with their numbers of speakers. *Dikhyang (100 speakers) *Singchung (680 speakers) *Wangho (220 speakers) *Bichom (630 speakers) *Kaspi (80 speakers) *Namphri (180 speakers) Distribution Bugun is spoken in the following villages in southern West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh (, ) is a state in ...
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Chug Language
Chug (also called Chugpa or Duhumbi) is a Kho-Bwa language of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is closely related to Lish. Chug is spoken only in Chug village (population 483 in 1971), located a few miles from Dirang (Blench & Post 2011:3).Roger Blench and Mark Post. 2011. ''(De)classifying Arunachal languages: Reconsidering the evidence''. Chug is spoken in Duhumbi village. Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Despite speaking languages closely related to Mey (Sherdukpen), the people identify as Monpa, not Mey. According to Lieberherr & Bodt (2017),Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). Chug is spoken by 600 people in 3 main villages. References Further reading *Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus (2017). ''Grammar of Duhumbi (Chugpa)''. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Bern The Unive ...
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Lishpa Language
Lish (also called Lishpa or Khispi) is a Kho-Bwa language of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is closely related to Chug. The Lish (population 1,567 in 1981) live in Dirang village, a few miles from Chug village, and in Gompatse. The Gompatse variety is not Lish proper, but is rather a lect closely related to Lish.Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Lish is also spoken in Khispi village. Despite speaking languages closely related to Mey (Sherdukpen The Sherdukpen are an ethnic group of Arunachal Pradesh state of India. Their population of 9,663 is centered in West Kameng district in the villages of Rupa, Jigaon, Thongri, Shergaon, to the south of Bomdila. All of these are at elevations be ...), the people identify as Monpa, not Mey. According to Lieberherr & Bodt (2017),Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In '' ...
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Khispi Language
Lish (also called Lishpa or Khispi) is a Kho-Bwa language of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is closely related to Chug. The Lish (population 1,567 in 1981) live in Dirang village, a few miles from Chug village, and in Gompatse. The Gompatse variety is not Lish proper, but is rather a lect closely related to Lish.Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Lish is also spoken in Khispi village. Despite speaking languages closely related to Mey (Sherdukpen The Sherdukpen are an ethnic group of Arunachal Pradesh state of India. Their population of 9,663 is centered in West Kameng district in the villages of Rupa, Jigaon, Thongri, Shergaon, to the south of Bomdila. All of these are at elevations be ...), the people identify as Monpa, not Mey. According to Lieberherr & Bodt (2017),Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In '' ...
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Duhumbi Language
Chug (also called Chugpa or Duhumbi) is a Kho-Bwa language of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is closely related to Lish. Chug is spoken only in Chug village (population 483 in 1971), located a few miles from Dirang (Blench & Post 2011:3).Roger Blench and Mark Post. 2011. ''(De)classifying Arunachal languages: Reconsidering the evidence''. Chug is spoken in Duhumbi village. Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Despite speaking languages closely related to Mey (Sherdukpen), the people identify as Monpa, not Mey. According to Lieberherr & Bodt (2017),Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). Chug is spoken by 600 people in 3 main villages. References Further reading *Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus (2017). ''Grammar of Duhumbi (Chugpa)''. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Bern The Unive ...
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Lish Language
Lish (also called Lishpa or Khispi) is a Kho-Bwa languages, Kho-Bwa language of West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India. It is closely related to Chug language, Chug. The Lish (population 1,567 in 1981) live in Dirang village, a few miles from Chug village, and in Gompatse. The Gompatse variety is not Lish proper, but is rather a lect closely related to Lish.Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Lish is also spoken in Khispi village. Despite speaking languages closely related to Mey (Sherdukpen language, Sherdukpen), the people identify as Monpa, not Mey. According to Lieberherr & Bodt (2017),Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). Lish is spoken by 1,500 people in 3 main villages. References

Kho-Bwa languages Languages of India Endangered languages of India Articles citing ISO change req ...
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Sherdukpen Language
Sherdukpen (autonym: Mey) is a small language of India. It is one of the Kho-Bwa languages.Post, Mark W. and Roger Blench (2011).Siangic: A new language phylum in North East India, ''6th International Conference of the North East India Linguistics Society'', Tezpur University, Assam, India, Jan 31 – Feb 2 There are two distinct varieties, Mey of Shergaon and Mey of Rupa. The name ''Sherdukpen'' comes from the words Shergaon and ''Tukpen'' (the Monpa name for Rupa) (Blench & Post 2011:3). The language is known to speakers as ''Mey nyuk''. Dialects Lieberherr & Bodt (2017)Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary In ''Himalayan Linguistics'', 16(2). list the following dialects of Sherdukpen. *Rupa: spoken in Rupa village and two other main villages, as well as nearby hamlets. Likely around 3,000 speakers. *Shergaon: spoken in Shergaon village. Likely around 1,500 speakers. Locations Sherdukpen is spoken in Shergaon, sou ...
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Sartang Language
Sartang is a small language of India. It is one of the Kho-Bwa languages, closest to Sherdukpen (50–60% lexical similarity). Varieties include Sartang of Jergaon and Sartang of Rahung (Blench 2015).Blench, Roger. 2015''The Mey languages and their classification'' Presentation given at the University of Sydney. Distribution Sartang (Boot Monpa) is spoken in the villages of Khoitam, Rahung, Namku-thangka (Salari), and Boot (Jerigaon) Khoina, West Kameng District (Dondrup 2004:1).Dondrup, Rinchin. 2004. ''An introduction to the Boot Monpa language''. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh. There were 2,986 Sartang people as of 1996. The ''Ethnologue'' lists Jerigaon, Sellary, Khoitam, Rahung, Darbu and Khoina villages in Nafra and Dirang circles, West Kameng district. Varieties According to Roger Blench (2015), Sartang is a cover term referring to various languages spoken in 11 villages southeast of Dirang in Nafra and Dirang circles in West Kameng Dis ...
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