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Kharrat Gulu
Karbalayi Gulu Mahammad oghlu az, Kərbəlayı Qulu Məhəmməd oğlu, 1823–1883) was a musicologist, poet, founder of music school in Shusha. Biography The founder of music school in Shusha, musicologist Karbalayi Gulu was born in 1823. Kharrat Gulu used to attract young people with suitable voices for mugham gatherings in Shusha, teaching them mugham and how to sing it. He used to attract young people to the assembly he organized during Muharram ceremonies, and taught them to play the roles of Sakina, Zeynab, Ali Akbar and others. He knew classical Eastern music and also wrote poems. Because he was under the influence of religious figures, he did not speak in public meetings. Kharrat Gulu's music school, which operated in the middle of the 19th century, mainly served religion, but it also led to the training of a number of musicians who played an important role in the development of Azerbaijani mugham art. Haji Husu, Mashadi Isi, Deli Ismail, Shahnaz Abbas, Bulbuljan, K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shusha
/ hy, Շուշի , settlement_type = City , image_skyline = ShushaCollection2021.jpg , image_caption = Landmarks of Shusha, from top left:Ghazanchetsots Cathedral • Yukhari Govhar Agha MosqueShusha fortress • Shusha mountainsHouse of Mehmandarovs • City centerShusha skyline • House of Khurshidbanu Natavan , pushpin_map = Azerbaijan#Republic of Artsakh , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Azerbaijan Republic of Artsakh (claimed) , subdivision_type1 = District (Azerbaijan) , subdivision_name1 = Shusha , subdivision_type2 = Province (Artsakh, claimed) , subdivision_name2 = Shushi , established_title = Founded , leader_title1 = Mayor , leader_name1 = Bayram Safarov , leader_title2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The rise of the Russian Empire coincided with the decline of neighbouring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Qajar Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and Qing China. It also held colonies in North America between 1799 and 1867. Covering an area of approximately , it remains the third-largest empire in history, surpassed only by the British Empire and the Mongol Empire; it ruled over a population of 125.6 million people per the 1897 Russian census, which was the only census carried out during the entire imperial period. Owing to its geographic extent across three continents at its peak, it featured great ethnic, linguistic, religious, and economic diversity. From the 10th–17th centuries, the land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shusha Uezd
The Shusha uezd was a county (''uezd'') of the Elizavetpol Governorate of the Russian Empire, and then of the Ganja Governorate of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic with its center in Shusha in 1840–1921. Geography The Shusha uezd was located in the southeastern portion of Elizavetpol Governorate, bordering the contiguous Jevanshir uezd on the north, the Jebrail uezd to the south, the Zangezur uezd to the west and the Baku Governorate in the east. The area covered 4,316 square verst, or . The uezd was normally divided into the mountainous, submountanous and lowland parts. The mountains covered the southwestern part of the uezd and were part of the Lesser Caucasus range, reaching as high as above sea level. The gorges and valleys towards the northeast made up the submountainous areas of the uezd. The lowland part of the uezd is rich with rivers. The Khachinchay river formed the natural boundary between the Shusha and the Javanshir uezds. History The territories of Shusha uezd once ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizavetpol Governorate
The Elizavetpol Governorate, also known after 1918 as the Ganja Governorate, was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yelisavetpol (present-day Ganja). The area of the governorate stretched and was composed of 1,275,131 inhabitants in 1916. The Elizavetpol Governorate bordered the Erivan Governorate to the west, the Tiflis Governorate and Zakatal Okrug to the north, the Dagestan Oblast to the northeast, the Baku Governorate to the east, and Iran to the south. Geography The area of the governorate includes the southern slope of the main Caucasus range in the northeast, where Mount Bazardüzü and other peaks rise above the snow-line; the arid steppes beside the Kura river, reaching 1000 ft. of altitude in the west and sinking to 100–200 ft. in the east, where irrigation is necessary; and the northern slopes of the Transcaucasian escarpment and portions of the Armenian Highlands, which is intersected towards i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musicologist
Musicology (from Greek μουσική ''mousikē'' 'music' and -λογια ''-logia'', 'domain of study') is the scholarly analysis and research-based study of music. Musicology departments traditionally belong to the humanities, although some music research is scientific in focus (psychological, sociological, acoustical, neurological, computational). Some geographers and anthropologists have an interest in musicology so the social sciences also have an academic interest. A scholar who participates in musical research is a musicologist. Musicology traditionally is divided in three main branches: historical musicology, systematic musicology and ethnomusicology. Historical musicologists mostly study the history of the western classical music tradition, though the study of music history need not be limited to that. Ethnomusicologists draw from anthropology (particularly field research) to understand how and why people make music. Systematic musicology includes music theory, aesthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firidun Bey Kocharli
Firidun bey Ahmad bey oglu Kocharli or Kocharlinski ( az, Firidun bəy Köçərli; russian: Фиридун-бек Кочарлинский or ) (26 January 1863, in Shusha – 1920, in Ganja) was a prominent Azerbaijani writer, philologist, and literary critic. Life Kocharli was born in 1863 in Shusha being the only child of Ahmad bey Kocharli. Firidun graduated from the local Russian-Muslim school and was admitted to the Transcaucasian Teachers Seminary in Gori. Upon receiving his diploma in 1885, he started teaching Azerbaijani and religion at a Russian-Muslim school in Yerevan.Literaty Criticism by Shams Rufullayeva In 1895 he was invited back to Gori to teach at his '' alma mater''. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mugham
Mugham ( az, Muğam) or Mughamat ( az, Muğamat) is one of the many classical compositions from Azerbaijan, contrasting with tasnif and ashik. It is a highly complex art form that weds classical poetry and musical improvisation in specific local modes. Mugham is a modal system. Unlike Western modes, "mugham" modes are associated not only with scales but with an orally transmitted collection of melodies and melodic fragments that performers use in the course of improvisation. Mugham is a compound composition of many parts. The choice of a particular mugham and a style of performance fits a specific event. The dramatic unfolding in performance is typically associated with increasing intensity and rising pitches, and a form of poetic-musical communication between performers and initiated listeners. Three major schools of mugham performance existed from the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the regions of Karabakh, Shirvan, and Baku. The town of Shusha of Karabakh, was partic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mourning Of Muharram
The Mourning of Muharram (also known as Azadari, Remembrance of Muharram or Muharram Observances) is a set of commemoration rituals observed primarily by Shia people. The commemoration falls in Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar. Many of the events associated with the ritual take place in congregation halls known as '' Hussainia or Imambargah''. The event marks the anniversary of the Battle of Karbala (AD 680/AH 61), when Imam Hussain ibn Ali, a grandson of Prophet Muhammad, was martyred by the forces of Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad, on the orders of Yazid I. Family members and companions accompanying him were either killed or subjected to humiliation. The commemoration of this event during the yearly mourning season, with the Day of Ashura as the focal date, serves to define Shia communal identity. Muharram observances are carried out in countries with a sizable Shia Muslim population. Storytelling, weeping and chest beating, wearing black, partial fasting, street proc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haji Husu
Haji Husu ( az, Hacı Hüsü, around 1830 – 1898) was a mugham singer. Biography He was born Husu Niftali oglu Kazimli ( az, Niftalı oğlu Kazımlı) around 1830 in Shusha. Haji Husu received his first education from private classes with a mullah. Then he continued his studies at a madrasa. A gifted singer, he studied traditional singing with Kharrat Gulu, one of the most prominent representatives of Shusha vocal art. Haji Husu's first public performance was that of the " Chahargah" in a charity event at the Khandamirov Theatre, following the performance of Sadigjan. He became a popular invited singer not only at weddings in the Caucasus, but also in several cities across the Middle East. In 1880, Iranian Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, the ruler of Iran, invited Haji Husu to Tabriz for his son's wedding. Haji Husu, who performed with famous Iranian singers at the wedding, was eventually awarded by the shah. In the 1880s, Haji Husu and Mir Mohsun Navvab founded a musicians' associati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mashadi Isi
Mashadi Isi ( az, Məşədi İsi, — 1905) was a 19th-century Azerbaijani singer, representative of the Karabakh mugham school. Biography Mashadi Isi received his first musical education in Shusha, at Kharrat Gulu's school. The singer was one of the active members of "Khanandalar majlisi" of Haji Husu. Mashadi Isi became a connoisseur of classical Eastern, especially Azerbaijani mughams, and taught his knowledge and artistic skills to the young singers of the "Khanandalar majlisi". He performed " Rast", " Shur", "Humayun", especially "Mahur" dastgah with a unique individuality. Along with ghazals and poems of Azerbaijani poets, he also sang the works of Hafez and Saadi Shirazi. According to musicologist Jalil Baghdadbeyov, Mashadi Isi was the first to sing the poems of Azerbaijani poets in gatherings. Mashadi Isi has performed many times in different assemblies not only in Karabakh, but also in many cities of Azerbaijan - Ganja, Agdash, Shamakhi and Baku. He sang for months ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulbuljan
Bulbuljan ( az, Bülbülcan), born as Abdulbagi Ali oglu Zulalov (1841–1927), was an Azerbaijani singer of folk music and mugam (an original improvisational genre of classical folk music in Azerbaijan). He was also famous for his performance of Azeri mugams in other regional languages, such as Georgian, Lezgian, Kumyk, Persian, and Russian. Life and career Abdulbagi Zulalov, later known as Bulbuljan, was born in 1841 in Shusha (then part of the Russian Empire, nowadays in Azerbaijan). In his younger years he travelled a lot throughout the Caucasus and Iran. During one of his visits in Iran Mozzafar al-Din Shah Qajar (the ruler of Iran) liked his performance so much that he awarded Zulalov the Shir-o Khorshid order, the highest Iranian order at the time. In 1875 Zulalov moved to Tbilisi, the regional cultural capital at the time, where he would live until 1905. He gave concerts together with his fellow-countryman, a great tar player Sadigjan. Due to his wonderful voice, attr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kechachioghlu Muhammed
Kechachioghlu Muhammed ( az, Keçəçioğlu Məhəmməd, 18 June 1864 — 20 November 1940) was an Azerbaijani khananda. Biography Kechachioghlu was born in 1864 in Shusha. He played a special role in the development of the musical culture of Azerbaijan. He learned the art of singing in the school of Kharrat Gulu in Shusha and from the famous singer Mashadi Isi. Creative trips were widely used in his work. In addition to singing, he was engaged in pedagogical activities. In 1926 he was invited by Uzeyir Hajibeyov to the Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall and trained young singers. The khananda died on 20 November 1940, in Quba. Creativity His repertoire featured classical mugams, tasnif and folk songs. When he and Jabbar Garyaghdioglu read Fuzuli's scenes from the poem "Leyli and Majnun" in the form of a duet was especially famous. A number of mugham, tasnif and folk songs performed by him were recorded on the gramophone record by the "Sport-Record" (Warsaw, 1912) and "Ekstra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
