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Kenneth Henderson Jack
Kenneth Henderson Jack FRS (12 October 1918—28 January 2013) was a British chemist whose career involved the application of X-ray crystallography to the field of materials science. Biography Kenneth Henderson Jack was born on 12 October 1918 at his grandmother's flat in Coburg Street, North Shields. He was the eldest of three sons of John Henderson Jack, mariner, and Emily (née Cozens). He attended King Edward's Primary School and then Tynemouth Municipal High School. He gained a scholarship place to study chemistry at Armstrong College (later part of the Newcastle Colleges of Durham University). Jack graduated with first-class honours in chemistry and came top of his year. After a brief spell in teaching – a requirement of his scholarship – he was directed into war work at the Chemical Defence Research Establishment, Sutton Oak, before the Professor of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, H. L. Riley brought him back to Newcastle in October 1941. Riley led a group involv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The British Empire
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the civil service. It was established on 4 June 1917 by King George V and comprises five classes across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two of which make the recipient either a knight if male or dame if female. There is also the related British Empire Medal, whose recipients are affiliated with, but not members of, the order. Recommendations for appointments to the Order of the British Empire were originally made on the nomination of the United Kingdom, the self-governing Dominions of the Empire (later Commonwealth) and the Viceroy of India. Nominations continue today from Commonwealth countries that participate in recommending British honours. Most Commonwealth countries ceased recommendations for appointments to the Order of the British Empire when they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RMS Mauretania (1938)
The RMS ''Mauretania'' was an ocean liner that was launched on 28 July 1938 at the Cammell Laird yard in Birkenhead, England, and was completed in May 1939. She was one of the first ships built for the newly formed Cunard-White Star company following the merger in April 1934 of the Cunard and White Star Line. On the withdrawal of the first in 1935, to prevent a rival company using the name and to keep it available for the new liner, arrangements were made for the Red Funnel paddle steamer ''Queen'' to be renamed ''Mauretania'' in the interim. The new liner was assessed at 35,739 gross register tons, with an overall length of and a beam of and had an exterior design similar to . The vessel was powered by two sets of Parsons single reduction-geared steam turbines giving and driving twin propellers. Her service speed was with a maximum speed of . Design and construction (1937–1939) The second ''Mauretania'' was built by Cammell Laird of Birkenhead and was the larges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Chemists
British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, the English language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom or, more broadly, throughout the British Isles * Celtic Britons, an ancient ethno-linguistic group * Brittonic languages, a branch of the Insular Celtic language family (formerly called British) ** Common Brittonic, an ancient language Other uses *''Brit(ish)'', a 2018 memoir by Afua Hirsch *People or things associated with: ** Great Britain, an island ** United Kingdom, a sovereign state ** Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800) ** United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922) See also * Terminology of the British Isles * Alternative names for the British * English (other) * Britannic (other) * British Isles * Brit (other) * Briton (d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fellows Of The Royal Society
Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted by the judges of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science, and medical science". Fellowship of the Society, the oldest known scientific academy in continuous existence, is a significant honour. It has been awarded to many eminent scientists throughout history, including Isaac Newton (1672), Michael Faraday (1824), Charles Darwin (1839), Ernest Rutherford (1903), Srinivasa Ramanujan (1918), Albert Einstein (1921), Paul Dirac (1930), Winston Churchill (1941), Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1944), Dorothy Hodgkin (1947), Alan Turing (1951), Lise Meitner (1955) and Francis Crick (1959). More recently, fellowship has been awarded to Stephen Hawking (1974), David Attenborough (1983), Tim Hunt (1991), Elizabeth Blackburn (1992), Tim Berners-Lee (2001), Venki Ramakrishnan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1918 Births
This year is noted for the end of the World War I, First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide. Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January – 1918 flu pandemic: The "Spanish flu" (influenza) is first observed in Haskell County, Kansas. * January 4 – The Finnish Declaration of Independence is recognized by Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Russia, Sweden, German Empire, Germany and France. * January 9 – Battle of Bear Valley: U.S. troops engage Yaqui people, Yaqui Native American warriors in a minor skirmish in Arizona, and one of the last battles of the American Indian Wars between the United States and Native Americans. * January 15 ** The keel of is laid in Britain, the first purpose-designed aircraft carrier to be laid down. ** The Red Army (The Workers and Peasants Red Army) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worcester, England
Worcester ( ) is a cathedral city in Worcestershire, England, of which it is the county town. It is south-west of Birmingham, north-west of London, north of Gloucester and north-east of Hereford. The population was 103,872 in the 2021 Census. The River Severn flanks the western side of the city centre. It is overlooked by Worcester Cathedral. Worcester is the home of Royal Worcester, Royal Worcester Porcelain, composer Edward Elgar, Lea & Perrins, makers of traditional Worcestershire sauce, the University of Worcester, and ''Berrow's Worcester Journal'', claimed as the world's oldest newspaper. The Battle of Worcester in 1651 was the final battle of the English Civil War, during which Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army defeated Charles II of England, King Charles II's Cavalier, Royalists. History Early history The trade route past Worcester, later part of the Roman roads in Britain, Roman Ryknild Street, dates from Neolithic times. It commanded a ford crossing over the Rive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamazaki Mazak Corporation
is a Japanese machine tool builder based in Oguchi, Japan. In the United States, Russia and UK it is known as Mazak. History The company was founded in 1919 in Nagoya by Sadakichi Yamazaki as a small company making pots and pans. During the 1920s it progressed through mat-making machinery to woodworking machinery to metalworking machine tools, especially lathes. The company was part of Japan's industrial buildup before and during World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ..., then, like the rest of Japanese industry, was humbled by the war's outcome. During the 1950s and 1960s, under the founder's sons, Yamazaki revived, and during the 1960s it established itself as an exporter to the American market. During the 1970s and 1980s it established a larger onshore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transmission Electron Microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image. The specimen is most often an ultrathin section less than 100 nm thick or a suspension on a grid. An image is formed from the interaction of the electrons with the sample as the beam is transmitted through the specimen. The image is then magnified and focused onto an imaging device, such as a fluorescent screen, a layer of photographic film, or a sensor such as a scintillator attached to a charge-coupled device. Transmission electron microscopes are capable of imaging at a significantly higher resolution than light microscopes, owing to the smaller de Broglie wavelength of electrons. This enables the instrument to capture fine detail—even as small as a single column of atoms, which is thousands of times smaller than a resolvable object seen in a light microscope. Transmission electron microscopy is a major analytical method i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfson Foundation
The Wolfson Foundation is a charity that awards grants to support excellence in the fields of science and medicine, health, education and the arts and humanities. Overview The endowment of the Wolfson Foundation is currently some £800 million, with an annual allocation of approximately £32 million. By 2015 over £800 million had been awarded in grants (£1.7 billion in real terms), with over 10,000 projects funded. The foundation makes awards following a rigorous review process involving expert reviewers and advisory panels, and is recognised in the sector as a funder that listens actively to its applicants.Cause4 www.cause4.co.uk/2015/03/an-evening-with-paul-ramsbottom Grants are generally given for capital infrastructure (new build, refurbishment and equipment) supporting excellence in the fields of science and medicine, health, education and the arts and humanities. The foundation was established by and named after Sir Isaac Wolfson, chairman of Great Universal Stores (GUS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guinier–Preston Zone
A Guinier–Preston zone, or GP-zone, is a fine-scale metallurgical phenomenon, involving early stage precipitation. GP-zones are associated with the phenomenon of age hardening, whereby room-temperature reactions continue to occur within a material through time, resulting in changing physical properties. In particular, this occurs in several aluminium series, such as the 6000 and 7000 series alloys. Physically, GP zones are extremely fine-scaled (on the order of 3–10 nm in size) solute enriched regions of the material, which offer physical obstructions to the motion of dislocations, above that of the solid solution strengthening of the solute components. In 7075 aluminium for example, Zn–Mg clusters precede the formation of equilibrium MgZn2 precipitates. The zone is named after André Guinier André Guinier (1 August 1911 – 3 July 2000) was a French physicist who did important work in the field of X-ray diffraction and solid-state physics. He worked at the Conse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powder Diffraction
Powder diffraction is a scientific technique using X-ray, neutron, or electron diffraction on powder or microcrystalline samples for structural characterization of materials. An instrument dedicated to performing such powder measurements is called a powder diffractometer. Powder diffraction stands in contrast to single crystal diffraction techniques, which work best with a single, well-ordered crystal. Explanation A diffractometer produces electromagnetic radiation (waves) with known wavelength and frequency, which is determined by their source. The source is often x-rays, because they are the only kind of energy with the optimal wavelength for inter-atomic-scale diffraction. However, electrons and neutrons are also common sources, with their frequency determined by their de Broglie wavelength. When these waves reach the sample, the incoming beam is either reflected off the surface, or can enter the lattice and be diffracted by the atoms present in the sample. If the atoms are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RMS Empress Of Japan (1929)
RMS ''Empress of Japan'' was an ocean liner built in 1929–1930 by Fairfield Shipbuilding & Engineering Company at Govan on the Clyde in Scotland for Canadian Pacific Steamships (CP). This ship was the second of two CP vessels to be named ''Empress of Japan'' – regularly traversed the trans-Pacific route between the west coast of Canada and the Far East until 1942. In 1942, she was renamed RMS ''Empress of Scotland'' – the second of two CP vessels to be named ''Empress of Scotland.'' In 1957, the Hamburg Atlantic Line purchased the ship and re-named her TS ''Hanseatic''.Miller, William H. (1995). ''The Pictorial Encyclopedia of Ocean Liners, 1860–1994,'' p. 46. Concept and construction By the 1920s the Canadian Pacific conglomerate had established a sea/rail connection between Europe and the Far East. The company's steamships would carry passengers from Great Britain to Canada, the same company's railroad carried passengers across the North American continent to Vanco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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